Vitamins

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Oxythiamine HCl (cas# 136-16-3) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Oleuropein is a tyrosol ester derivative of elenolic acid and phenolic glycoside found in olive oil. Oleuropein shows antioxidant, anti-ischemic and hypolipidemic activity. Oleuropein has also been used as an immunomodulator .
References Speroni, E. et al.: Phytother. Res., 12, S98 (1998); Andreadou, I. et al.: J. Nutrit., 136, 2213 (2006):;Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E.J. et al.: Shock, 26, 410 (2006);

Applications Magnolol is the bioactive phytochemicals found in Magnolia officinalis (1). Magnolol has been used to treat anxiety, cough, headache and allergies (2). It also inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-*induced ICAM-1 expression in human lung epithelial cells.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References (1) Amorati, R., et al.: J Org Chem. (2015) 80:10651-9.(2) Wu, C., et. al.: Inflammation (2014) 37:1957-67

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications Calcifediol is a metabolite of Vitamin D. The principal circulating form of vitamin D3, formed in the liver by hydroxylation at C-25. Calcium regulator.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Morii, et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 120, 513 (1967); Blunt, et al.: Biochemistry, 7, 3317 (1968), Liu, et al.: Science, 311, 1770 (2006);

Applications An intermediate in the preparation of Adapalene derivatives.
References Zinner, R., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 8, 521 (2009), Virtanen, M., et al.: Exper. Dermatol., 19, 674 (2010),

Applications A cell-permeable chloro-nitro-benzamido compound that acts as a potent, specific, irreversible, and high-affinity antagonist of PPARγ with a Ki of 1 nM. Displays >800-fold greater selectivity for PPARγ over PPARα and PPARδ (Ki = 0.85 µM and 1.8 µM, respectively). Blocks hormone- and agonist-induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. It suppresses interactions between PPARγ and coactivator-derived peptides, while promotes the recruitment of corepressor-derived peptides. Shown to modulate the interaction of PPARγ2 with the cofactor proteins through covalent binding to Cys313 in its ligand-binding domain.
References Lee, G., et al: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 19649 (2003), Schaefer, K.L., et al: Cancer Res., 65, 2251 (2005), Masuda, T., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 11, 4012 (2005), Raikwar, H.P., et al.: J. Neuroimmunol., 167, 99 (2005)

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Isovitamin D3 is a metabolite of Vitamin D. Studies show that Isovitamin D3 is biologically active in normal rats but inactive in anephric rats.
References Holick, M.F. et al.: Science, 180, 964 (1973); Wilczek, H. et al.: Prak. Lek., 59, 794 (1979);

Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications 10-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro Folic Acid Disodium Salt is the disodium salt of F701085, which is a Folic Acid (F680300) derivative. Folic Acid is a vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA, it also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.10-Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro Folic Acid Disodium Salt is also used in the diagnosis and prevention and therapy of cerebral folate dificiency in relation to formation of folate receptor autoantibodies and treatment with reduced folate and antioxidants.
References Slieker, L.J., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 25, 294-302 (1984); Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010); Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010); Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010); McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010)Ramaekers, WO 2006119589, (2006)

Applications (S)-Naringenin, an active flavanone, maintains antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic activities. Used in the treatment of praquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress.
References Podder, B. et al.: J. Microbiol. Biotech., 24, 605 (2014); Abd El Azim, M. et al.: Org. Chem. An Ind. J., 10,410 (2014);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Eupatilin maintains anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity isolated from the Artemisia princeps Pampanini flower.
References Ryu, R. et al.: Prev. Nutr. Food Sci., 18, 181 (2013);

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Calcitroic Acid is a major metabolite of Calcitriol (C144500).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Esvelt, R.P. et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 206, 403 (1981); Onisko, B.L. et al.: Biochemistry, 19, 4124 (1980); Reddy, G.S. et al.: Biochemistry, 28, 1763 (1989);

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications The epimer metabolite of Calcifediol or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (C125700).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Sakaki, T., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 267, 6158 (2000), Kamao, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1463 (2003),

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications One of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Most abundant Tocopherol in soybean and corn oils.
References Emerson, et al.: Science, 83, 421 (1936), Bieri, J.G., et al.: J. Nutr., 104, 850 (1974), Jiang, Q., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 74, 714 (2001),

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications A metabolite of Vitamin D2 (V676040).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Barnes, P., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 83, 1527 (1989), Holick, M., et al.: J. Cell Biochem., 88(2), 296 (2003), Maunsell, Z., et al.: Clin. Chem., 51, 1683 (2005),

Applications Convallatoxin is a cardenolide that is used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. It may also be used in the treatment of tumor cells at nanomolar concentrations due to its anti-proliferative effects; in particular, human lung cancer. It is naturally found in the roots of Adonis Amurensis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Schneider, N., et al.: Nat. Prod. Res., (2015); Yin, L., et al.: Zhong Cao Yao, 45, 3361 (2014);

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications 6,7-Dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine serves as fluorophore in Lumazine (L473800) proteins (LumP) of luminescent bacteria.
References Kulinski, T., et al.: Biochemistry, 26, 540 (1987), Chatwell, L., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 382, 44 (2008), Sancar, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 32153 (2008),

Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications A stable folate lyophilized compound suitable for use in the treatment of cancer and other therapies.
References Park, H., et al.: Science, 268, 1866 (1995), Banerjee, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 14916 (2007), Klar, T., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 366, 954 (2007),

Applications Vitamin K2(5) is an analog of Vitamin K that acts as a reducing agent and also acts as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain of many bacteria. Intake of Vitamin K2(5) is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease.
References Fu, Q., et al.: Biodegradation, 20, 109 (2009); Gelejinse, J., et al.: J. Nut., 134, 3100 (2004); Jiang, M., et al.: Biochemistry, 47, 3426 (2008)

Impurity Cholecalciferol EP Impurity D
Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications Isotachysterol3 (Cholecalciferol EP Impurity D) is a degradation product of Vitamin D3 (V676045). Isotachysterol3 has been shown to stimulate intestinal Ca transport and bone Ca mobilization in anephric rats.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Bolos, J. et al.: Cien. Indust. Farm., 6, 259 (1987); Holick, M.F. et al.: Science, 180, 964 (1973);

Applications Used in treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis includes topical treatments such as corticosteroids, antifungals, metronidazole and pimecrolimus.
References Miyachi, Y., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol., 114, 231 (1986), Rallis, E., et al.: Drugs Exp. Clin. Res., 30, 191 (2004), Ozcan, H., et al.: Eur. J. Dermatol., 17, 313 (2007),

Applications Isopyridoxal Hydrochloride is an active vitamer of the B6 complex in humans, and a metabolite standard in the determination of all seven vitamin B6-related compounds. It is also a metabolite in a pyridoxine degradation pathway by soil bacteria.
References Edwards, P., et. al.: Clinica Chimica Acta: Int. J. Clin. Chem., 190, (1990); Lee, Y. C., et. al.: J. Bio. Chem., 261, (1986); Argoudelis, C. J.: J. Chromatogr. A, 790, (1998)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Labelled Cholesterol (C432501). Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals. Cholesterol was found in all body tissues, especial in the brain, spinal cord, and in animal fats or oils. Cholesterol is the main constituent of gallstones.
References Rosin, Z., et al.: Physiol. Chem., 124, 282 (1923), Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934), Gemant, et al.: Life Sci., 1, 233 (1962), Johnson, K., et al.: 4, 457 (1964),

Delta-Tocotrienol is a natural compound, part of the vitamin E family, which is primarily sourced from the seeds and fruits of certain plants, such as annatto. This compound is a potent antioxidant, exerting its effects through the scavenging of free radicals and protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes from oxidative damage. Additionally, delta-Tocotrienol inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, leading to a reduction in cholesterol synthesis.

Cholecalciferol - 100IU/mg - contains 2.5g/kg active is a chemical compound known as vitamin D3. It is derived primarily from cholesterol through photochemical synthesis in animal skin exposed to ultraviolet light. The product functions as a hormone regulator by modulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism within biological systems. This process is crucial for maintaining bone density and immune system efficacy.

Stability Temperature and Light Sensitive
Applications A metabolite of Vitamin D3.
References Bell, P.A., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 115, 663 (1969), Kumar, R.S., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 65, 277 (1980), Shimada, K., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 19, 491 (1996),

Applications Isotope labelled d3; 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-dioxo-2-methylnaphthalene-d3; (Vitamin K3), precursor to various types of Vitamin K. Used as a micronutrient for livestock and pet foods.
References Sakamoto, S., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 2955 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Hu, W., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 398, 245 (2010),

Applications Auraptene is a natural bioactive monoterpene coumarin ether. Auraptene has shown a remarkable effect in the prevention of degenerative diseases.
References Brunhofer, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 669 (2012); Furukawa, Y., et al.: Int. J. Mole. Sci., 13, 5338 (2012);

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications The vitamin that mediates intestinal calcium absorbtion, bone calcium metabolism and probably, muscle activity. Occurs in and is isolated from fish liver oils. Vitamin D acts through a receptor that is a member of the ligand-dependent transcription factor superfamily. Modulates the proliferation and differentiation of both normal and cancer cells. Has antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects on breast, colon, and prostate cancer cells. Activated vitamin D receptors in intestine and bone maintain calcium absorbance and homeostasis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Haussler, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 247, 2328 (1972), Holick, M.F., Rec. Res. Canc. Res., 164, 3 (2003), Palmer, H.G., et al.: Cancer Res., 63, 7799 (2003), Welsh, J., et al.: J. Nutr., 133, 2425S (2003),

Applications SR 8278 is a synthetic antagonist of the nuclear heme receptor REV-ERB.
References Kojetin, D., et al.: ACS. Chem. Biol., 6, 131 (2011);

Applications Vitamin D5 is used in the synthetic preparation of 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D5 a promising chemopreventive agent for breast cancer.
References Moriarty, R.M., Albinescu, D.: J. Org. Chem., 70, 7624 (2005)

Applications Coenzyme Q2 is a redox carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain in eukaryotic cells. It has been used to investigate interaction of coenzyme Q with phosphatidylethanolamine membranes.
References Do, T., et al.: J. Biol Chem. 276, 18161 (2001); Gomez-Fernandez, J. C., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 739 (1999);

Applications A metabolite of Budesonide (B689490), an antiinflammatory agent.
References Cserhati, T., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 22, 25 (2000), Dilger, K., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 47, 1532 (2007), Buchwald, P., et al.: Steroids, 73, 193 (2008),

Applications The main metabolite of Vitamin D3. It has potent biological activity. Vitamin D3-sulfate had <5% of the activity of vitamin D3 to mobilize Ca from bone and .apprx.1% of the ability of Vitamin D3 to stimulate Ca transport, elevate serum P, or support bone calcification.
References Bell, P.A., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 115, 663 (1969), Kumar, R.S., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 65, 277 (1980), Reeve, L.E. , et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 256, 823 (1981), Armas, L., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 89, 5387 (2004),