Nucleosides

<p>2-Iodoadenosine is a chemical compound that is produced from the oxidation of uridine. It is used in the synthesis of peptides, which are important for biological processes like signal transduction and cell growth. 2-Iodoadenosine can be made by coupling other molecules to an adenosine molecule. This process involves a cross-coupling reaction with palladium catalysts or hydroxylation reactions with sodium borohydride. The resulting product has been shown to have anticancer and anti-microbial activities against protozoan parasites and cyclic peptide structures.</p>

<p>5-Methyl-2-thiouridine is a nucleotide that is found in the type strain of Escherichia coli. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of protein synthesis, with optimum concentration at 0.1 mM. 5-Methyl-2-thiouridine binds to the ribosome and inhibits its activity. 5-Methyl-2-thiouridine also interacts with human mitochondrial RNA and alters its structure, leading to an antibody response that protects against infection by the bacteria in question. This nucleotide has also been shown to inhibit bacterial growth in wastewater treatment plants. The chemical structures of 5-methyluridine are similar to those of uridine except for a methyl group on the second carbon atom (5 position). The presence of this methyl group confers increased water permeability and decreased kinetic energy on the molecule, which can be detected using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.</p>

<p>3’-Azido-3’-deoxy-5-fluoro-b-L-uridine is a novel, activator ribonucleoside that is an analog of the natural nucleoside uridine. It has high quality and purity. This compound is used to synthesize deoxyribonucleosides, diphosphate, phosphoramidites, modified, anticancer and antiviral agents.</p>

<p>2',5'-Dideoxyadenosine is a nucleotide analog that inhibits the enzyme adenylate cyclase, by binding non-competitively via the P-site</p>

<p>9-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-2-chloropurine is a modified nucleoside with anticancer activity. It has been shown to be an effective activator of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis in vitro. This drug has also been shown to have antiviral properties against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and influenza A virus. 9-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-2-chloropurine is an analog of the natural purine metabolite hypoxanthine that can be synthesized in high purity.</p>

<p>3,5-Bis-O-(4-methylbenzoyl)-2-C-methyl-D-ribonic acid gama-lactone is a novel synthetic nucleoside. It is an activation agent that releases 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate from ribonucleotides. This nucleoside has been shown to have antiviral and anticancer properties, as well as the ability to inhibit HIV replication in vitro. It is also used for the preparation of oligonucleotide analogs for use in molecular biology research and molecular medicine.</p>

<p>5'-O-DMT-N2-DMF-guanosine is a novel nucleoside that has been modified with an acetyl group on the 5'-hydroxyl group. This nucleoside has antiviral, anticancer and deoxyribonucleoside properties. It also activates diphosphate synthesis and inhibits protein synthesis. The drug is synthesized in high purity and quality, making it an excellent activator for phosphoramidites.</p>

<p>8-Methylthioguanosine is a purine nucleoside that is synthesized from guanosine by the enzyme nucleoside phosphorylase. 8-Methylthioguanosine is used in the treatment of leukemia cells and has been shown to have homogeneity, with a single peak on paper chromatography. It is also an inhibitor of purine nucleotide phosphorylase, which prevents the conversion of guanosine to inosine monophosphate and leads to depletion of intracellular ATP levels. This drug binds tightly to the active site of purine nucleotide phosphorylase and inhibits its activity. 8-Methylthioguanosine may be used as a radiosensitizer for cancer therapy and can be administered intravenously or orally.</p>

<p>5'-O-(4,4'-Dimethoxytrityl)adenosine is a phosphoramidite that can be used as an activator for the synthesis of DNA. It is also used in the preparation of modified nucleosides and has anticancer activity. 5'-O-(4,4'-Dimethoxytrityl)adenosine is a modified ribonucleoside with high quality and high purity. This product has been shown to have antiviral activity against HIV-1.</p>

<p>N4-Acetyl-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-propynylcytidine 3'-CE phosphoramidite is an activator and antiviral agent that inhibits viral DNA synthesis by terminating the elongation step of viral DNA chain extension. N4-Acetyl-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-propynylcytidine 3'-CE phosphoramidite has a novel structure and is synthesized by modified chemical reactions. It can be used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides or as a building block for the synthesis of other nucleosides.</p>

<p>Azathioprine is a drug that suppresses the immune system and is used to treat autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is an immunosuppressant that prevents the formation of antibodies by blocking the enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase. Azathioprine is metabolized in the liver to 6-mercaptopurine, which has been shown to cause leukopenia. The genetic polymorphism of this enzyme can lead to differences in the metabolism and toxicity of azathioprine therapy.</p>

<p>2’-C-Methyl-5-methoxyuridine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits viral replication by inhibiting DNA synthesis. It is also used in the treatment of cancer, as it inhibits the growth of tumor cells by altering their genetic material. This drug is a phosphorothioate and can be activated with an activator to form its active form, which is incorporated into DNA during replication. 2’-C-Methyl-5-methoxyuridine has been shown to be effective against many viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2). This drug has been shown to cause death of tumor cells via apoptosis or cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.</p>

<p>3'-Amino-3'-deoxy-D3-thymidine is a novel, modified nucleoside of the deoxyribonucleosides group. It is an activator of ribonucleotide reductase and has antiviral properties. 3'-Amino-3'-deoxy-D3-thymidine is an anticancer agent that induces DNA synthesis and inhibits RNA synthesis.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxyuridine is a hydrated form of uracil that is used in the synthesis of nucleic acids. It is also a substrate for DNA polymerases and has been shown to inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus. 2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxyuridine has been shown to have biological properties, such as inhibition of radiation-induced transformation, inhibition of cancer cell growth, and antiviral activity. The mechanism by which 2'-deoxy-5-hydroxyuridine inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus is unclear but may be due to its ability to inhibit cellular metabolism.</p>

<p>9-(3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-O-methyl-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-6-chloropurine is a novel and high quality antiviral monophosphate deoxyribonucleoside. It is synthesized from 2'-deoxyadenosine monophosphate, 2'-deoxycytidine monophosphate, and 6-chloropurine by the phosphorylation of nucleosides with a modified phosphoramidite method. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of HIV DNA was inhibited with this compound in vitro. This drug also has anticancer activity when it is used in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs such as gemcitabine, cisplatin, and paclitaxel.</p>

<p>N4-Acetyl-5'-O-DMT-cytidine is an antiviral drug that inhibits the viral DNA polymerase. It is a modified nucleoside, which is activated by phosphorylation. N4-Acetyl-5'-O-DMT-cytidine is used in research for its anticancer properties and has shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro. The compound was found to be more potent than cytidine and other modified nucleosides.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methyl-5-methyluridine is a modified nucleoside that inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells. It has been shown to be effective against HIV, Hepatitis B and C, influenza, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and human cytomegalovirus. This drug is synthesized by phosphoramidite chemistry and is used as a DNA activator in the synthesis of oligonucleotides. 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methyl-5-methyluridine is a novel compound that exhibits high quality with high purity.</p>

<p>Uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt is a phosphotriester that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of nucleosides. It is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, which means it inhibits the breakdown of cyclic nucleotides and allows them to accumulate. This drug has been shown to increase platelet production and has anti-inflammatory effects. Uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt is a human metabolite that can be synthesized from uridine, which is present in DNA, RNA, and food sources such as meat, eggs, and milk. The synthesis of uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt requires phosphoramidite as a precursor.</p>

<p>7-Iodo-7-deaza-2'-C-methylguanosine has antiviral activity and is used as a building block in the synthesis of DNA and RNA molecules. 7-Iodo-7-deaza-2'-C-methylguanosine is a novel synthetic nucleoside that has anticancer properties and is used for the treatment of different types of cancer. It is also used for the prevention of viral infections, such as influenza. This product has high purity and is available in its phosphate or monophosphate form.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-N2-isobutyryl-5'-O-MMT-guanosine 3'-CE phosphoramidite is a modified nucleoside analogue with anticancer activity. It is synthesized by reacting 2'-deoxy-N2-isobutyryl-5'-O-methylguanosine with diethyl chlorophosphate in the presence of tetrazole. This novel compound has been shown to have antiviral and antitumor activities as well as high affinity for DNA and RNA.</p>

<p>2'-C-Methyl-6-S-methyl-6-thioinosine is a modified nucleoside that can be used as an antiviral and anticancer agent. It has been shown to activate the immune system by inducing cytokine production, which leads to increased cytotoxicity against tumor cells. 2'-C-Methyl-6-S-methyl-6-thioinosine has also been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This product is of high purity and quality, with a CAS number of 172722-76-8.</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methylcytidine is an antiviral agent that inhibits the replication of a number of DNA viruses, including herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. It is a monophosphate inhibitor that binds to the ribonucleotide reductase enzyme, preventing formation of deoxyribonucleotides. N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methylcytidine is also used as an anticancer agent. This drug has been shown to inhibit the growth of human leukemia cell cultures and can be used for treatment of leukemia in combination with other drugs. The novel properties of this compound make it useful for research purposes and it has been synthesized in high quality at low cost.</p>

<p>2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyladenosine is a chemically protected form of adenosine with potential for use as an intermediate in nucleoside synthesis and nucleic acid chemistry. The hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the 2′, 3′, and 5′ positions of the ribose are protected by acetyl groups (–COCH₃), which can prevent unwanted chemical reactions during chemical synthesis.</p>

<p>9-(b-L-Arabinofuranosyl)guanine (9-Araf) is a nucleoside analogue that is used as an antiviral and anticancer agent. It is synthesized by the reaction of 2,4-diaminopyrimidine with b-L-arabinofuranosyl chloride. This product is soluble in water and ethanol. 9-(b-L-Arabinofuranosyl)guanine has antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein Barr Virus. In addition to its antiviral activity, 9-(b-L-Arabinofuranosyl)guanine also has anticancer activity against human cancer cells and has been shown to inhibit the growth of leukemic cells in mice.</p>

<p>L-Uridine is a nucleoside that is the major precursor of RNA and DNA. It is also an equilibrative nucleoside, which means that it can act as either an acid or a base. L-Uridine has been shown to have anti-tumor activity in squamous cell carcinoma and human malignancies. It has also been shown to be an active inhibitor of arabinoside, which is a drug used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). L-Uridine may also have antitumor immunity effects by activating natural killer cells.</p>

<p>β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form, most commonly known as NADH, is a cofactor involved in the electron transport chain, in the metabolism of amino acids and many other cellular processes such as the synthesis of ATP. It is also a substrate for glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. The reduced form of NADH can be used as an indicator for glutathione peroxidase activity. In addition, it has been shown to have antioxidant properties by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This product has been used in formulations of synthetic drugs for the treatment of women with long-term effects of menopause, such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. It has also been used in the production of alginate gel, which can be used to create scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. More recently, in bioorganic chemistry, NADH has been used as a source of hydride species for reduction reactions.</p>

<p>6-O-Methyl-2'-deoxyinosine is a modified nucleoside that inhibits the synthesis of DNA and RNA. It is also an anticancer agent, inhibiting the growth of tumor cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G1 phase. 6-O-Methyl-2'-deoxyinosine is a phosphoramidite for use in solid phase synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). This product has high purity, good quality, novel structures and excellent stability.<br>6-O-Methyl-2'-deoxyinosine can be used to inhibit viral replication by preventing viral DNA from being replicated into double stranded DNA. The antiviral activity of 6-O-methyl 2'-deoxyinosine against HIV has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo using monophosphate forms.</p>

<p>Coenzyme and regenerating electron donor in catabolic processes</p>

<p>3'-Amino-5'-O-p-anisoyl-3'-deoxythymidine is an antiviral agent that is a monophosphate prodrug of 3'-deoxy-5'-O-(4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone)thymidine. It is a novel compound with high quality, high purity, and good solubility in water. It has been shown to be an activator of cellular DNA polymerase and ribonucleosides reductase, as well as having anticancer activity. 3'-Amino-5'-O-p-anisoyl-3'-deoxythymidine has been shown to inhibit the growth of human tumor cells in vitro.</p>

<p>5'-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl-D3-thymidine 3'-CE phosphoramidite is a novel, modified ribonucleoside which is an activator of DNA synthesis and antiviral. It is synthesized by the reaction of 5'-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-D3-thymidine with 3'-chloroethoxycyanoethyl phosphate in the presence of tetrazole. The CAS number for this compound is 108881-52-2. This product has been shown to inhibit cancer cells through the inhibition of RNA synthesis and activation of DNA synthesis, as well as inhibiting viral replication.</p>

<p>5'-O-Acetyl-2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydro-5-fluorouridine is a nucleoside analog. It is synthesized by substituting the hydroxyl group of uridine with a fluorine atom and the 2' position of ribose with a 5'-O-acetyl group. This modification prevents the incorporation of this nucleoside into DNA or RNA, making it an effective antiviral and anticancer agent. 5'-O-Acetyl-2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydro-5-fluorouridine has been shown to be highly active against tumor cells but not normal cells in vitro.</p>

<p>2’-Deoxy-N1-methylguanosine is a modified purine nucleoside composed of a N¹-methylguanine, a guanine base where a methyl group is attached to the nitrogen at position 1 (N¹). This methylation blocks normal Watson-Crick base pairing, especially with cytosine, and can affect RNA structure and function. It also contains a 2′-Deoxyribose and has possible research applications</p>

<p>5'-O-DMT-5-(furan-2-yl)-2'-O-methylcytidine is a novel nucleoside that can be used as a drug for the treatment of cancers. It is an analog of cytidine, which inhibits the synthesis of DNA and RNA, thereby preventing the replication of cancer cells. 5'-O-DMT-5-(furan-2-yl)-2'-O-methylcytidine has been shown to have antiviral activity against HIV and hepatitis B virus in vitro. The compound also has anticancer activity and is a phosphoramidite monophosphate. This compound is soluble in water and is available at high purity with CAS No. 89937-60-4.</p>

<p>Methyl donor and a cofactor for enzyme-catalyzed methylations</p>

<p>N6-Isobutyryl-2'-O-methyladenosine is a nucleoside that has antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is an analog of adenosine that is used in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. It is modified by the incorporation of an iso-butyl group at the 2' position on the ribose ring. N6-Isobutyryl-2'-O-methyladenosine was first synthesized in 1962 and has been extensively studied due to its novel properties. The phosphoramidites are activated with tetrazole or triazole, which are both strong activators. This nucleoside can be synthesized in high purity (&gt;98%) through a modification of the conventional phosphorylation process.</p>

<p>5-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-3-methyl-2-benzyloxypyridine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the growth of cancer cells. This compound has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of deoxyribonucleosides and ribonucleosides, and also inhibit the growth of certain viruses. 5-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-3 methyl -2 benzyloxypyridine can be used as a phosphoramidite or activator in the synthesis of DNA or RNA.</p>

<p>2-Amino-2'-deoxyadenosine is a modified nucleoside, closely related to adenosine in which the 2'-hydroxyl group is replaced by an amino group. This compound has potential research applications</p>

<p>5-Bromocytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that has been shown to inhibit the replication of influenza virus in cell culture. It stabilizes the ribonucleotide reductase enzyme, which is responsible for converting ribonucleosides to deoxyribonucleosides. This inhibition prevents the production of viral RNA and protein synthesis, leading to inhibition of viral growth. 5-Bromocytidine has also been shown to have antiviral effects against HIV and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) in cell cultures.</p>

<p>(R)-5',P'-Ester with thiodiphosphoric acid ((HO)2P(O)OP(S)(OH)2) adenosine is a nucleoside monophosphate. It has been shown to be an activator of the enzyme adenylate cyclase, which converts ATP into cyclic AMP, a second messenger in cell signaling. (R)-5',P'-Ester with thiodiphosphoric acid ((HO)2P(O)OP(S)(OH)2) adenosine does not have anticancer properties and does not inhibit the production of ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. This compound is synthesized using novel methods and is of high purity and quality.</p>

<p>5'-O-Benzyl-2,2'-anhydrouridine is a modified nucleoside that has been shown to be active against cancer cells in vitro. It is phosphorylated by the enzyme kinase to form 5'-O-benzyl-2,2'-anhydrouridine monophosphate (BAP). This drug inhibits DNA synthesis and RNA transcription, leading to cell death. It also has antiviral properties and may be used as an anticancer agent. 5'-O-Benzyl-2,2'-anhydrouridine is synthetically produced and can be used in many different ways.<br>The CAS number for this product is .</p>

<p>Inosine-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphate triethylammonium is a synthetic nucleoside that functions as an activator of the deoxyribonucleotide synthesis. It has antiviral and anticancer properties, and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities. Inosine-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphate triethylammonium has been shown to inhibit the growth of cells in culture and induce apoptosis. This is due to its ability to inhibit DNA synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase.</p>

<p>1-(4’-Azido-2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)N4-(n-octadecanoyl)-cytosine is an antiviral nucleoside that is synthesized from a 4′ azidodecanoyl derivative of cytosine. It has been shown to be effective against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV1, HSV2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). The antiviral mechanism of action for this compound is not known.</p>

<p>2’-Deoxy-2’-fluoro-N3-(n-dodecyl)uridine (2DFO) is a novel nucleoside analog that is phosphorylated to 2DFP, which is an antiviral drug that has been shown to inhibit the replication of HIV. 2DFO inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, and reverse transcriptase, preventing the synthesis of viral DNA and RNA. This drug also inhibits the activity of human topoisomerase II alpha and beta, which are enzymes involved in replication and transcription. 2DFO binds to purine nucleosides by competitive inhibition at the enzyme active site, preventing the formation of ribonucleotides from deoxyribonucleosides.</p>

<p>7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine is an analog of guanosine that has been shown to inhibit the activity of telomerase. This enzyme synthesizes a sequence of DNA called a telomere, which protects the ends of chromosomes from deterioration and prevents chromosomal end-to-end fusion. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine has an inhibitory effect on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in mammalian cells and inhibits the transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vitro. It has also been shown to be potent against cancer cells. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine is synthesized by solid phase synthesis, which is a chemical process that involves attaching one molecule to another molecule with similar structure, using organic solvents as intermediates.</p>

<p>9-Deazaguanosine is a naturally occurring purine, which has been shown to inhibit the binding of adenosine deaminase enzyme. This enzyme is responsible for the conversion of adenosine to inosine, and plays a role in the replication of viruses. 9-Deazaguanosine has also been shown to have an inhibitory effect on trichomonas vaginalis, benzyl groups, and anomers. The hydroxyl group on 9-Deazaguanosine interacts with mammalian cells which may be related to its inhibitory effect on leishmania and hepatitis.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a novel, modified deoxyribonucleoside that can be used for the treatment of cancer. It is synthesized from 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate and phosphoramidite by reacting with ammonia in DMF at room temperature.<br>The chemical structure of 2-deoxyguanosine monohydrate is shown below:</p>

<p>6-Amino-9-(2',3'-dideoxy-2'-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)purine is a nucleoside analog that is used to treat HIV. It is a prodrug that undergoes phosphorylation by host cell kinases to form its active form, 2'-deoxycytidine monophosphate (2'DCPM). This drug has been shown to inhibit the replication of HIV in vitro and in vivo. 6-Amino-9-(2',3'-dideoxy-2'-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)purine has antiviral potency against both group M and N HIV isolates. It also enhances polymerase chain reaction amplification of HIV DNA and can be used in tissue culture experiments to study the effects of drugs on the virus. Clinical trials have shown that 6-amino 9-(2',3'-dideoxy-2</p>

<p>N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine (BADA) is a nucleoside analog that is used in the diagnosis of infections caused by bacteria. BADA binds to DNA duplexes and alters their structure, which can be detected using electrophoresis. BADA has been shown to have low bioavailability and is insoluble in water, so it must be administered intravenously. It has also been found to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>5-Formyl-2'-O-methylcytidine is a molecule that is involved in cellular processes such as DNA methylation, the addition of a methyl group to the 5 position of a cytosine residue. It has been shown to be an important epigenetic regulator and can be used as a strategy to treat tuberculosis. 5-Formyl-2'-O-methylcytidine is synthesized from guanine, which undergoes conversion into cytosine via enzymatic modification. This process is catalyzed by methyltransferase enzymes and it is usually carried out with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl donor. The product then converts back into guanine through deamination, which can be catalyzed by either adenine phosphoribosyltransferase or adenylate kinase.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine is an antiviral nucleoside that is a monophosphate analog of deoxyuridine. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine can be used to treat patients with leukemia and other cancers. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine has been shown to induce tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, as well as inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells by blocking the synthesis of DNA. This drug also has anticancer properties, which are due to its ability to block RNA synthesis.</p>