Nucleosides

1-(2’-Deoxy-2’-fluoro-arabinofuranosyl)-5-hydroxymethyluracil (also abbreviated as FMAU-OH) is a modified nucleoside analog. It consists of a fluorinated sugar moiety (2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro-arabinofuranose) attached to a uracil base with a hydroxymethyl (-CH₂OH) group at the 5-position. The 2’-fluoro substitution and arabinose sugar configuration can enhance its stability and affect its incorporation into DNA or RNA. It has the potential to be used as an inhibitor of viral polymerases and can be used in research.

8-Methylthioguanosine is a purine nucleoside that is synthesized from guanosine by the enzyme nucleoside phosphorylase. 8-Methylthioguanosine is used in the treatment of leukemia cells and has been shown to have homogeneity, with a single peak on paper chromatography. It is also an inhibitor of purine nucleotide phosphorylase, which prevents the conversion of guanosine to inosine monophosphate and leads to depletion of intracellular ATP levels. This drug binds tightly to the active site of purine nucleotide phosphorylase and inhibits its activity. 8-Methylthioguanosine may be used as a radiosensitizer for cancer therapy and can be administered intravenously or orally.

2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-2'-fluoro-L-uridine is a nucleoside with anticancer and antiviral properties. It is used in the production of oligonucleotides, which are short chains of nucleic acids that can be synthesized in vitro to serve as probes for specific DNA or RNA sequences. 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-2'-fluoro-L-uridine is also a substrate for phosphoramidite synthesis, which converts it into 2'-deoxy-5'-O-(4,4',4''-(1,3,2-triazole)-tris(o-tolyl))uronium tetrafluoroborate (TOTU). This product has been shown to inhibit the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase and prevent the infection of cells by HIV.

5'-Amino-5'-deoxy-2'-O-methyluridine is a novel nucleoside analog with antiviral and anticancer properties. 5'-Amino-5'-deoxy-2'-O-methyluridine is an activator of the immune system, which may be due to its ability to inhibit DNA synthesis by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase. This drug has shown activity against a variety of human tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo. 5'-Amino-5'-deoxy-2'-O-methyluridine also inhibits the growth of several bacterial strains, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium avium complex.

2'-Deoxycytidine 3'-O-L-valinyl ester is a replication inhibitor that is used in biochemical research. It binds to the NS3 protease of the hepatitis C virus, preventing it from cleaving the polyprotein into functional proteins. This molecule also inhibits autophagy and may be a potential therapeutic agent for cancer.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-5-methylcytidine is a nucleoside analog that is a modified version of cytidine, where the sugar (deoxyribose) has a fluoro modification at the 2' carbon and a methyl group is attached at the 5' position of the cytosine base. This modification confers unique properties that can be useful in research and drug development.

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine-b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is an antiviral and anticancer agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein. It has shown to be effective against a variety of viruses including HIV-1, herpes simplex virus type 1, influenza A virus, vaccinia virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus. 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine-b-D-glucuronide sodium salt also inhibits the growth of cancer cells in vitro. This drug is a modified nucleoside with a phosphoramidite backbone and a 3'-azido group at one end. The other end contains a beta D glucuronic acid moiety. The modifications allow for the inhibition of DNA synthesis by blocking the incorporation of deoxyribonucleotides into DNA chains.

2'-Deoxy-N6-methyladenosine (2DMA) is a nucleoside that has been found to inhibit the phosphorylation of p2y receptors in rat kidney cells. 2DMA inhibits the production of collagen, which may have a matrix effect on cells. Studies have shown that 2DMA can be used as a sample preparation reagent for nuclear DNA. It has also been shown to be effective at inhibiting transcription and replication of human mitochondrial DNA.

7-Methyl-6-thioguanosine inner salt is a compound that inhibits the activity of creatine kinase and phosphatase, which are enzymes involved in energy metabolism. It also binds to actin filaments and prevents their depolymerization. The binding mechanism of 7-methyl-6-thioguanosine inner salt is believed to be due to its ability to form disulfide bonds with cysteine residues on the surface of the enzyme. This inhibition has been shown to reduce the ATP production in mammalian cells and has been used as a model system for studying cellular processes.

5-(Aminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is a bifunctional molecule that can be used in chromatography and as a precursor for the epigenetic modifications of DNA. 5-(Aminomethyl)-2-thiouridine has been shown to have an effect on the methyltransferase pathway, which is involved in the epigenome. This molecule has also been shown to affect the growth rate of bacteria in vitro.

4-[(1Z)-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)vinyl]pyridine is a modified nucleoside that is used in anticancer drugs. It has shown antiviral and antitumor effects. 4-[(1Z)-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)vinyl]pyridine is synthesized by condensing 4-chlorobenzaldehyde and 2,3-dichloropyridine. The nucleoside has been modified to be phosphorylated at the 5′ position and contains a ribonucleotide moiety and a deoxyribonucleotide moiety. This product is of high purity and quality, with an activator group at the 5′ position.

2'-Deoxy-2-fluoroadenosine is an adenosine member and an organofluorine compound

Polyinosinic acid is a single stranded RNA analog which is combined with polycytidylic acid (poly C) to form a stable duplex structure known as Polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C). PolyI:C stimulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon through its interaction with endosomal Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and the cytoplasmic receptors melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). This immunostimulant activity makes Poly I:C a useful vaccine adjuvant and is used in vaccine formulations.  Poly I:C and its stabilized analogs (e.g., poly-ICLC) are also being actively researched for their dual role in oncology: directly targeting tumors and acting as immune potentiators. For example Poly I:C can induce apoptosis in tumor cells and stimulate immunogenic cell death and is therefore being explored alongside chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and checkpoint inhibitors, helping to overcome resistance mechanisms and strengthen treatment outcomes. We can supply PolyI:C to all stages of your project - from R&D and preclinical phases right up to GMP commercial manufacture. Contact our team for custom Poly I:C products.
For more on poly I:C read out blog 'Poly I:C: A Vaccine Adjuvant With Oncological Potential.'

Cyclic inosine diphosphate ribose is a synthetic, fluorescent compound that can be used as a probe for assays. It has been synthesized by the solid-phase synthesis of a specific antibody and is bioconjugated with an oligo(ethylene glycol) moiety. Cyclic inosine diphosphate ribose can be used to measure lymphocyte activation, which is important for the study of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Cyclic inosine diphosphate ribose has also been shown to bind to the ryanodine receptor, which causes an increase in intracellular calcium concentration.

Nonadecanoyl coenzyme A is a fatty acid that is produced by the bovine liver and has been shown to have anabolic effects. Nonadecanoyl CoA is involved in the synthesis of various lipids, such as phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids. It also plays a role in biosynthesis of fatty acids and in regulating ATP production. Nonadecanoyl CoA is synthesized from acetate by the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). ACC catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which can then be used for fatty acid synthesis. Nonadecanoyl CoA has been found to play an important role in regulating mitochondrial function through its ability to activate long-chain acyl-CoAs desaturase (LCAD). LCAD converts long-chain acyl-CoAs into their corresponding dicarboxylic acids.

5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)uridine is a modified nucleoside that is an antiviral and anticancer agent. It was first synthesized in the early 1980s, and has been shown to be active against a variety of viruses, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)uridine inhibits the growth of cancer cells by interfering with DNA synthesis. This drug also has been shown to be an activator for DNA polymerases and is used as a building block for antiretroviral drugs.

2',3'-Dideoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine is a monophosphate derivative of the antiviral and anticancer drug 2',3'-dideoxycytidine. It is an activator of DNA synthesis, nucleosides, and nucleotides. It is also a phosphoramidite for the synthesis of oligonucleotides and modified ribonucleosides. 2',3'-Dideoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine has CAS number 124708-94-7. It is available in high purity and quality, which makes this product suitable for research purposes.

2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-N2-isobutyryl-guanosine-3'-lcaa-CPG is a modified nucleoside, which is synthetically prepared. It is an activator of DNA polymerase and has been shown to be active against human leukemia cells. 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-N2-isobutyryl Guanosine 3'-lcaa CPG has also been shown to inhibit the replication of the herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro. The compound is a novel high quality nucleoside phosphoramidite that can be used as a building block in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleosides and modified nucleosides with novel chemical structures.

3',5'-Bis-O-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)thymidine is a novel nucleoside phosphoramidite that can be used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides. This compound has antiviral and anticancer activities and is an excellent building block for the synthesis of modified nucleosides. 3',5'-Bis-O-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)thymidine is a high quality, high purity chemical with a CAS number of 40733-26-4.

3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyguanosine is a nucleoside that is activated by hypochlorous acid to form a reactive intermediate, which can then react with other molecules. 3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxyguanosine has been shown to be selectively cytotoxic to human tumor cells and may be used as a radiosensitizer for cancer treatment. The reaction products of this compound include hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide, which are strong oxidizing agents that cause tissue injury. This compound is also an effective reagent for the detection of myeloperoxidase in plasma samples.

3'-Azido-5'-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2',3'-dideoxy-N2-isobutyrylguanosine is a novel nucleoside phosphoramidite. The 3'-azido group can be used to protect the 5' hydroxyl group during phosphitylation, which is essential for the synthesis of modified nucleosides. The 2',3'-dideoxy configuration ensures that the sugar moiety is not cleaved from the base during polymerization, and that no undesired side reactions occur during purification. This product has been shown to have antiviral and anticancer activity in vitro.

5'-O-DMT-N2-phenylacetylguanosine is a novel synthetic nucleoside phosphoramidite which can be used for the synthesis of modified oligonucleotides. It has been shown to be an activator, anticancer, and antiviral agent in vitro. 5'-O-DMT-N2-phenylacetylguanosine is also a monophosphate, which can inhibit viral replication by interacting with the ribose sugar moiety of the nucleic acid strand. The antiviral activity has been demonstrated on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and influenza A virus.

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3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydrouridine is a synthetic nucleoside that inhibits viral replication. It is an antiviral agent that has been shown to be effective against DNA and RNA viruses. The synthesis of this compound has been described in the literature. This product is available in high purity and high quality, and CAS No. 2166167-51-5. 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydrouridine has also been shown to have anticancer activity, and is a novel synthetic nucleoside.

2',5'-Dideoxyinosine is a nucleoside that can be used as an antiviral or anticancer agent. It is synthesized from the natural nucleoside inosine by phosphorylation of the hydroxyl group on position 5 of the sugar ring and replacement of the hydroxyl group on position 2 with a deoxyribose. The resulting product has a higher potency than the natural form, and is more stable to enzymatic hydrolysis. 2',5'-Dideoxyinosine has been shown to inhibit DNA polymerase in vitro, and also inhibits RNA synthesis, leading to cell death. In addition, it has been shown to be active against leukemia cells as well as breast cancer cells in vivo.

Isowyosine is a protein that catalyzes the synthesis of purines, which are essential for DNA synthesis and repair. Isowyosine is found in mammalian cells, where it has been observed to play a role in the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). Isowyosine also plays a role in the synthesis of viral proteins and viral replication. It has been shown to be active against various viruses, including herpes simplex virus and influenza virus. Isowyosine may also have anti-cancer properties due to its ability to inhibit tumor growth.

Cytidine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt is a nucleotide that is found in RNA and DNA. Cytidine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of uridine, choline, and saccharose. It also plays an important role in the immune system as it can be a precursor for immunoglobulins. The reaction rate of cytidine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt with lipase has been shown to be constant at pH 7.5-8.0 and 37°C. This product has been shown to have emulsifying properties by forming micelles with water-immiscible solvents such as hexane or heptane, which may be due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules such as saccharose or guanosine. Cytidine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt can also be used as a chromatographic material for separating saccharose from other sugars

N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-3'-O-levulinoylcytidine is a nucleoside that is used as an antiviral and anticancer agent. It is a modified deoxyribonucleoside that has antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2, and HIV. N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-3'-O-levulinoylcytidine also has anticancer effects against leukemia cells in mice. This drug is synthesized from 2′,3′,5′triacetyladenosine by the reaction of 4-(1H)-benzoyloxymethyl)phenylacetic acid with triethylamine and levulinic acid chloride.

5-Isopropyl-2'-deoxyuridine is a nucleoside analog that is used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and indeterminate colitis. 5-Isopropyl-2'-deoxyuridine inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting RNA synthesis, which leads to cell death. This drug also inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes that are released from cells infected with bacteria. 5-Isopropyl-2'-deoxyuridine is converted into an active form by hydrolysis or oxidation followed by phosphorylation. This drug binds to the 5' end of bacterial DNA and prevents the formation of hydrogen bonds between adjacent bases, causing strand breakage.

2'-Deoxyadenosine phosphoramidite dimer is a novel nucleoside analog that has been shown to be an effective anticancer agent in vitro. It has also been shown to inhibit viral replication and induce apoptosis in infected cells. This product is used as a DNA monophosphate, diphosphate, and triphosphate activator to increase the efficiency of DNA synthesis. It is also used as a precursor for the synthesis of other nucleosides such as 2'-deoxycytidine phosphoramidite dimer.

5’-Azido-2’,5’-dideoxyuridine (5ADU) is a pyrimidine nucleoside that has been used to treat cancer. It is converted to 5-azidouracil which inhibits the synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA. 5ADU is also active against herpes virus and can be used as an antiviral agent. This drug has been shown to protect against radiation damage by inhibiting the formation of free radicals. The protonation of 5ADU leads to a stereochemical rearrangement that prevents the formation of free radicals. 5ADU does not inhibit bacterial enzymes, but it does have some effect on viruses, such as herpes virus, because they contain DNA or RNA similar to human cells.

Lamivudine is an antiviral drug that is used as a nucleoside analogue. It is a prodrug that is converted to its active form, which inhibits the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase by interfering with the synthesis of viral DNA. Racemic lamivudine acid (LAM) crystallizes in the form of chains with hydrogen bonds oriented in an impurity plane. The LAM molecule has two substituents, one carboxylate and one oxathiolane group.

2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-carboxylic acid (2'-DC) is a modified nucleoside that has been used as an anticancer, antiviral, and synthetic agent. 2'-DC inhibits the synthesis of DNA by binding to the enzyme DNA polymerase. It also inhibits viral replication by inhibiting the activity of reverse transcriptase and can be used as a potential anti-HIV drug. In addition, 2'-DC has been shown to have cytotoxic effects against cancer cells in vitro. This compound is synthesized from cytidine 5-monophosphate and phosphoramidite reagents in high purity and quantity. The CAS number for this compound is 4603-72-9.

2’-Deoxy-2-methyladenosine is a nucleoside that is chemically synthesized by the phosphorylation of 2,6-diaminopurine. It has been shown to be an effective activator of RNA polymerase and it also has anticancer properties. 2’-Deoxy-2-methyladenosine can be used as a substitute for thymidine in DNA synthesis. This nucleoside has also been shown to inhibit bacterial growth in culture by inhibiting DNA synthesis and protein synthesis. It is a modified nucleoside that can be used for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, or ribonucleic acids. The CAS number for this compound is 110952-90-4.

8-Aza-2'-deoxyadenosine is an anion that is cytotoxic to cells and can be activated to form a phosphate ester. It has been shown to have a higher cytotoxicity than adenosine in cell cultures, but is less effective in animal studies. 8-Aza-2'-deoxyadenosine has been shown to have a significant toxicity in rats and mice when administered at doses greater than 500 mg/kg body weight. The activation of 8-aza-2'-deoxyadenosine into the phosphate ester can be stereoselective. This activation has also been shown to cause enhancement of tumor growth inhibition.

5'-O-DMT-2'-O-propylphthalimidouridine is a synthetic nucleoside that has antiviral and anticancer properties. It is used as a precursor for the synthesis of other nucleosides, including uridine and cytidine. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-propylphthalimidouridine can be modified with phosphoramidites to create novel modified nucleosides. The chemical name is 1-(5'-O-dimethoxytrityl)-2-[(2' -propyl)thio]uracil. This drug has CAS number 61381-14-4 and molecular weight of 271.11 g/mol.

5-Methyl-2',3'-stannyluridine is a nucleoside analog that is a potent inhibitor of viral replication and can be used for the treatment of HIV. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of RNA polymerase, thereby preventing transcription and replication. 5-Methyl-2',3'-stannyluridine also inhibits DNA synthesis by inhibiting the activity of DNA polymerase. This drug also acts as an antitumor agent and has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in animal models. The high purity of this drug makes it suitable for use in pharmaceutical applications.
5-Methyl-2',3'-stannyluridine is a modified nucleoside that has been modified with a stannyl group at the 2' position on the sugar moiety and an allyl group at the 3' position on the sugar moiety. The phosphoramidites are synthesized from 5-methyl-2',3'-stannyl

2'-Deoxy-N2-isobutyrylcytidine is a nucleoside analogue of cytidine that has been modified with a 2-amino-2-deoxyribose moiety. The transaminated product is more stable than the parent compound and has improved anticoagulant activity. It has also been shown to be active in inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in vitro. 2'-Deoxy-N2-isobutyrylcytidine inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to their ribosomes, preventing protein synthesis. This compound has also been shown to inhibit the formation of blood clots in mice.

Uridylyl-3'-5'-cytidine ammonium salt is a monophosphate of cytidine. It is an antiviral agent that inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Uridylyl-3'-5'-cytidine ammonium salt is synthesized by the reaction of uridyl 3'-5' -adenosine monophosphate with cytidine. This compound has been shown to be effective in inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. Uridylyl-3'-5'-cytidine ammonium salt has shown activity against a variety of cancers, including breast, lung, and colon cancers.

3'-Deoxy-L-thymidine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits HIV replication by interfering with the synthesis of viral DNA. The drug binds to the enzyme thymidine phosphorylase, which converts thymidine into deoxyuridine monophosphate, and prevents conversion of deoxyuridine to deoxythymidine monophosphate. This leads to inhibition of both DNA synthesis and the production of RNA. 3'-Deoxy-L-thymidine has dose-limiting toxicity at high doses and is not active against other viruses such as herpes simplex virus or cytomegalovirus. It is metabolized in the liver by enzymes such as 5-fluorocytosine, which converts it into its active form, 5-fluorouracil.

N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-adenosine-3'-lcaa-CPG is a nucleotide analog with antiviral and anticancer activity. It is considered to be a novel nucleoside analogue. It is synthesized by attaching an acetyl group to the 2' position of the adenosine moiety, which prevents phosphorylation by kinase enzymes. This inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis in cancer cells.

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2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate lithium salt is a novel antiviral nucleoside that has the potential to be used in the treatment of various viral infections. It is synthesized from 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine monophosphate and lithium salt, and has been shown to have high antiviral activity against DNA viruses such as herpes simplex virus and adenovirus. It also inhibits the replication of RNA viruses such as influenza A virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and measles virus. 2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate lithium salt is a modified nucleoside that is phosphoramidite activated with a group at the 2' position on the ribose sugar. The phosphate group can be removed by hydrolysis or enzymatic catalysis, which leaves behind an unsaturated sugar moiety. This leads to an increased rate of incorporation into

5-Fluorouridine is an anticancer drug that belongs to the group of modified nucleosides. It is a synthetic nucleoside analogue that inhibits viral and DNA synthesis and can be used as antiviral agents. 5-Fluorouridine has also been shown to inhibit RNA synthesis in vitro. This compound is converted to uracil by deoxyribonucleotide reductase, which results in the formation of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine monophosphate (5FdUMP) and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine diphosphate (5FdUDP). The latter has been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis in vitro.

N,7-Dimethyl-2'-O-methylguanosine (DMOG) is a modified nucleoside with antiviral and anticancer properties. DMOG can be used as an activator of transcription, which activates the synthesis of viral RNA and dsDNA. This compound has shown to inhibit the activity of HIV by preventing reverse transcriptase from synthesizing DNA from viral RNA. It also inhibits tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting DNA synthesis and protein synthesis. DMOG is synthesized in high purity by chemical phosphoramidite chemistry.