Benzimidazole and Imidazole Derivatives

<p>2,12-Dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-9-methoxy-12-thioxobenzo [4,5] pyrido [1,2-c] imidazo [1,2-a] imidazol-2-one is a synthetic compound that has not been evaluated in humans. This compound is an impurity standard for the synthesis of an API. The purity of this compound is &gt;98% and it has been shown to be stable under acidic conditions.</p>

<p>1-[[3-Methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinyl]methyl]-2-[[[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinyl]methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-b enzimidazole is an impurity of a drug product. It is a metabolite that has been shown to be present in human plasma and urine. This compound is synthetically produced and is not found in nature. It has been shown to have niche applications in both analytical chemistry and pharmacopoeia.</p>

<p>Donepezil benzyl bromide is a by-product of donepezil hydrochloride, which is an industrially important drug used to treat Alzheimer's disease. It has been shown to be more efficient than its hydrochloride form. Donepezil benzyl bromide is a crystalline substance that is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents such as acetone or ethanol. The compound can be purified through recrystallization from an appropriate solvent.</p>

<p>1-[[3-Methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinyl]methyl]-2-[[[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinyl]methyl]thio]-1H-benzi midazole is a high purity analytical standard that is used to calibrate HPLC. It is found as an impurity in the drug product and as a metabolite. 1-[(3-Methyl-4-(2,2,2 -trifluoroethoxy) - 2 - pyridinyl) methyl] - 2 - [[[3 - methyl (4 ( 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoroethoxy) - 2 pyridinyl) methyl] thio] - 1 H benzimidazole is the IUPAC name for this compound. This chemical has been synthesized</p>

<p>6-Methyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-1-benzopyran-2-one is an analog of the natural product zearalenone, which can be used as an acid catalyst for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. It has a linear range and is structurally similar to a number of other analogs. The chloride ion is involved in the optimization of the extraction parameters and can be replaced by other c1-4 alkyl groups. 6-Methyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-1 -benzopyran 2 one is typically prepared using a preparative high performance liquid chromatography technique that involves dehydration.</p>

<p>2-Methyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridine hydrochloride is an analytical standard that is used as a reference compound in the pharmaceutical industry to identify impurities in drug products. It also has a niche use as an API impurity and HPLC standard. 2-Methyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridine hydrochloride is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of other drugs, including benzodiazepines and beta blockers. It is also used in research and development for its high purity. This chemical is natural or synthetic in origin but can be custom synthesized to meet specific requirements. 2-Methyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridine hydrochloride also has CAS number 1210824-88-6.</p>

<p>(R,R)-Solifenacin succinate is a pharmaceutical agent that acts as an antimuscarinic drug. It has been shown to be effective in wastewater treatment, where it was found to reduce the amount of solifenacin and optimised organic chemicals in the water. This drug has also been shown to have antagonist properties against the muscarinic receptor M3.</p>

<p>Lactose conjugate degradation product of pregabalin</p>

<p>Solifenacin impurity C is an impurity that is found in the drug product Solifenacin. It has been shown to be a natural metabolite and has been detected in human urine. Solifenacin impurity C is used as an analytical standard for HPLC analyses of solifenacin, and can also be used as a reference material for pharmacopoeia. The purity of this compound is 99%.</p>

<p>Dehydrodeoxy donepezil is an analytical standard that is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. It is a synthetic drug impurity, and its CAS number is 120013-45-8. Dehydrodeoxy donepezil can be found in the API impurity grade of various drugs, including those that are manufactured by Custom synthesis and natural synthesis. The pharmacopoeia states that dehydrodeoxy donepezil has a purity level of 98% or greater. This product can also be found as a metabolite in humans, with its half-life being approximately 40 minutes.</p>

<p>Lactose conjugate degradation product of pregabalin</p>

<p>2-[(4-Methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole is a synthetic, impurity standard that is used in the synthesis of drug products. It has been shown to inhibit the metabolism of drugs and may be used as a marker for drug metabolism. This compound may also be used as a marker in analytical studies to assess the purity of a drug product. 2-[(4-Methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole has not been evaluated for safety or efficacy.</p>

<p>Solifenacin is an anti-cholinergic drug that has been shown to have a potent antagonistic effect on muscarinic receptors. It is used in the treatment of overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and irritable bowel syndrome. Solifenacin succinate is a metabolite of solifenacin and it has been found to be an antagonist of M3 muscarinic receptors. The presence of solifenacin and its metabolites in wastewater can interfere with treatment processes by inhibiting the removal of other organic chemicals such as tamsulosin hydrochloride. Optimisation studies for solifenacin production have shown that famotidine can be used as a process aid to reduce solifenacin impurities. Famotidine is also an antagonist of M3 muscarinic receptors and can be used to remove solifenacin from wastewater. Analytes detected in wastewater samples include solifenacin, famot</p>

<p>Desdifluoromethoxy hydroxy pantoprazole is a synthetic compound that is used as an impurity standard for the drug product Pantoprazole. It has a purity of ≥98% and is stable under ambient conditions. Desdifluoromethoxy hydroxy pantoprazole is not active on its own, but it is a metabolite of pantoprazole. It can be used to study the metabolism of pantoprazole.</p>

<p>Oxybutynin EP Impurity E is a research and development impurity standard that is used in the synthesis of Oxybutynin. It can be synthesized by reacting 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline with potassium tert-butoxide, followed by acetylation with acetic anhydride. The purity and structure of this compound have been verified by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and melting point analysis. This impurity standard has a CAS number of 1215677-72-7.<br>Oxybutynin EP Impurity E is used as a drug product for the treatment of overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis. It also helps to reduce pain due to spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. <br>The pharmacopoeia name for this compound is 4-(2-Chloroethyl)-1H-imidazoleacetic acid. It has been found to be</p>

<p>1-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline is a synthetic compound which has been used as a lead compound for the development of drugs with dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitory activity. In vitro studies have shown that 1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline inhibits human serum dopamine β-hydroxylase and can be used to study the possible role of this enzyme in Parkinson's disease. This drug is racemized in the body and has been found to be effective against Parkinson's disease in rats. It is also an enantiomer that has industrial applications for the production of polyurethane foam insulation coatings.</p>

<p>Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that inhibits the gastric acid secretion by blocking the hydrogen/potassium ATPase enzyme in the stomach. Pantoprazole N-oxide, a prodrug of pantoprazole, is converted to pantoprazole after administration and has been shown to be more stable than pantoprazole. It has been shown to have tissue-specific effects, with high concentrations found in gastrointestinal tissues such as the abomasum, ileum, and colon. Pantoprazole N-oxide is also found in plasma samples at low levels. This drug may be useful for ulceration because it prevents heartburn caused by excess stomach acid.</p>

<p>Pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide is a prodrug that is converted to the active form pantoprazole in the stomach where it inhibits gastric acid secretion. Pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide has been shown to be genotoxic, and can cause polyvinyl chloride to degrade when stored together. Reconstituted solution of this drug should be used within 24 hours after reconstitution, as the chemical stability of this drug decreases rapidly. Validation studies have been conducted on different analytical methods for determining pantoprazole concentrations in reconstituted solutions, and these methods have been harmonized with those published by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP). The pump inhibitor activity of pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide has been demonstrated in dogs, and it is also useful for treating acid reflux disease in humans. Pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide is unstable at high temperatures (&gt;25°C), so should not be refrigerated or</p>

<p>Solifenacin N-oxide is an anti-cholinergic agent that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of overactive bladder. Solifenacin N-oxide is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed in vivo to solifenacin, its active form. The compound reversibly binds to muscarinic receptors and inhibits the release of acetylcholine. Solifenacin N-oxide has been shown to have low levels of impurities and is highly soluble in water. It was also found to be stable when stored at room temperature for two months. This drug has a high flow rate and moderate retention time, which makes it suitable for reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). RPLC is a chromatographic technique that separates compounds by size, hydrophobicity, or charge.</p>

<p>Impurity 65 is an impurity of Omeprazole, a drug used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease and peptic ulcer. Impurity 65 is a metabolite of Omeprazole that can be found in the drug product at a concentration up to 0.5%. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and can be used as a research and development standard for HPLC analysis. Impurity 65 is also used as an impurity standard in the USP pharmacopoeia and other pharmacopoeias around the world.</p>