Steroids and Derivatives

<p>Impurity Medroxyprogesterone Acetate USP Related Compound B<br>Applications An orally active progestogen used in hormone replacement therepy (HRT), in the past has been used as a component of oral contraceptives.SMedroxyprogesterone Acetate USP Related Compound B.<br>References Pan, Q., et al.: Mol. Hum. Reprod., 13, 797 (2007), Matsson, P., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 323, 19 (2007), Jukosky, J.A., et al.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 81, 230 (2008), Cherkasov, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 2047 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA), structurally similar to Spiranolactone. Eplerenone is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br>References de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), Delyani, J.A., et al.: Cardiovasc. Drug Rev., 19, 185 (2001), Burgess, E., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 2573 (2004), Ravis, W.R., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 810 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Norethindrone (N676000).<br>References Layne, D.S., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 12, 905 (1963),<br></p>

<p>Applications The 17β-metabolite of Equilin (E592800).<br>References Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997), Wang, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 2419 (2000), Jiang, X., et al.: Steroids, 71, 334 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications 6α,9α-Difluoroprednisolone 17-Acetate, is an impurity of Difluprednate (D445925), which is shown to have antiinflammatory activity.<br>References Vitali, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 20, 853 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Progesterone EP Impurity B<br>Applications Δ4-Pregnen-20α-ol-3-one (Progesterone EP Impurity B) is the main metabolite of Progesterone (P755900). Studies shows regulation of estrogen receptor levels in breast cancer by Δ4-Pregnen-20α-ol-3-one and other progesterone metabolites.<br>References Zhang, L. et al.: Yaoz. Xueb., 39, 613 (2004); Pawlak, K.J. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 107, 172 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6β-Hydroxycortisone can be used as a probe to detect inhibition of CYP3A4 in vivo.<br>References Peng, C.C., et. al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 89, 888 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 17β-Estradiol (E888000) metabolite. An inhibitor of androstenedione aromatization, which is responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Agonistic ligands for the estrogen receptor in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.<br>References Numazawa, M. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 96, 51 (2005); Vollmer, G. et al.: J. Seroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 39, 359 (1991); Brueggemeier, R. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem., 21, 709 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Impurity USP Exemestane Related Compound A<br>Applications 1,2-Dihydro Exemestane is a related compound of Exemestane (E957000).<br>References Johannessen, D., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 3, 1101 (1997), Kaufmann, M., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 18, 1399 (2000), Coombes, R., et al.: Lancet, 369, 559 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Prednisolone EP Impurity G<br>Applications 20(S)-Hydroxy Prednisolone (Prednisolone EP Impurity G) is a Prednisolone (P703740) metabolite.<br>References Kim, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 30, 2239 (1987), Addison, R., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., Mol. Biol., 39, 83 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholesterol is a major component of all biological membranes; ~25% of total brain lipid is Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals. Cholesterol was found in all body tissues, especial in the brain, spinal cord, and in animal fats or oils. Cholesterol is the main constituent of gallstones. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Rosin, Z., et al.: Physiol. Chem., 124, 282 (1923), Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934), Gemant, et al.: Life Sci., 1, 233 (1962), Johnson, K., et al.: 4, 457 (1964),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihydro Dutasteride is an impurity arose during the process development of Dutasteride (D735000).<br>References Solomons, W., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 63, 19 (1974), Rasmusson, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 2298 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications The major metabolite of the progestational agent Norgestrel (N689500).<br>References DeJongh, D.C. et al.: Steroids, 11, 649 (1968); Uniyal, J.P. et al.: Acta Endocrinol., 84, 155 (1977); Sisenwine, S.F. et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 7, 1 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Equilin (E592800).<br>References Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997), Wang, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 2419 (2000), Jiang, X., et al.: Steroids, 71, 334 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Smith, S., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 80, 10H (1997), Jacobsen, W., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1369 (2000), Istvan, E., et al.: Science, 292, 1160 (2001), Tabernero, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 19933 (2003), Bratton, L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 5576 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Estradiol EP Impurity C<br>Applications 4-Methyl Estradiol (Estradiol EP Impurity C) is an impurity of Estradiol (E888000).<br>References Zhu, B., et al.: Steroids, 70, 225 (2005), Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Exemestane (E957000).<br>References Cavalcanti, G. et al.: Steroids 76, 1010 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity A<br>Applications Fluocinolone Acetonide-21-carboxylic Acid, is a derivative of Fluocinolone Acetonide (F455800), which is a Corticosteroid, used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching<br>References Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964), Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Estradiol (E888000) derivative. An estrogen.<br>References Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986), Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications 6β-Hydroxy-11-deoxycortisol is a corticosteroid which is a metabolite of Cortisol (H714615), a steroid hormone, more specifically a glucocorticoid, produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. Cortisol is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucocorticoids.<br>References Vigore, L., et al.: Cancer Ther., 6, 699 (2008), Puurunen, J., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 94, 1973 (2009), Lemos, D., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 201, 275 (2009), Chen, S., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 296 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Norgestrel. It is an excellent progestational and ovulation inhibiting steroid. The bioactive enantiomer is levorotatory. Progestogen; oral contraceptive.<br>References Sopirak, A.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 294 (1975), Dunson, T.R., et al.: Contraception, 48, 109 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Estradiol EP Impurity A/ Ethinylestradiol EP Impurity C<br>Applications Estrone is a metabolite of 17β-Estradiol (E888000). During the metabolism, it is in rapid equilibrium with Estriol (E888960) and 17β-Estradiol (E888000) (1). Causes the feminization of male fish at human and animal waste sites (2).This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. Both, D. et al.: Anal. Prof. Drug Subst. 1983 12 pp135-1892. Goodman-Gruen, D. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996 Aug;81(8):2999-3003.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled (3α)-Allopregnanolone. (3α)-Allopregnanolone acts as a GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator. (3α)-Allopregnanolone is a metabolite of Progesterone (P755900). (3α)-Allopregnanolone is a neuroactive steroid present in the blood and also the brain.<br>References Puja, G. et al.: Neuron, 4, 759 (1990); Belelli, D. et ael. Neurosteroid, 6, 565 (2006); Viapiano, M. et al.: Neurochem. Res., 23, 155 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone Isocaproate, is one of the common anabolic steroid esters. It is a controlled substance in US due to their potential for abuse and misuse. It can be used for the treatment of constitutional delayed puberty (CDP), in combination of other testosterone esters.<br>References Noggie, F. T., et al.: J. Chromatography. Sci., 28 (5), 263 (1990); Buyukgebiz, A., et al.: Hormone REs., 44 Suppl 3, 32 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bexarotene is a selective retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist and an antineoplastic agent (1,2,3).<br>References (1) Boehm, M.F., et al.: J. Med. Che., 37,2930 (1994) (2) Gottardis, M.M., et al.: Cancer Res., 56, 5566 (1996) (3) Mukherjee, R., et al.: Nature, 386, 407 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications Nandrolone (N315000(P)) derivative, which is an anabolic steroid.<br>References Poujol, N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 24022 (2000), Roy, P., et al.: Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 101, 68 (2006), Yin, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 304, 1323 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Deltamedrane is an impurity in the synthesis of Fluorometholone (F593145), a glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.<br>References Kupferman, A., et al.: Arch. Ophthlmol., 640, 100 (1982); Tokunaga H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32, 4012 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Latanoprost Acid-d4 is the labeled analogue of Latanoprost Acid (L177310), a metabolite of Latanoprost. Latanoprost Acid (L177310) is a potent, selective FP prostanoid receptor agonist, a F-series Prostaglandin analog and is 200 times as potent as isopropyl ester form.<br>References Sjoquist, B., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 745 (1998), Watson, P., et al.: Drugs Today, 35, 449 (1999), Kashiwagi, K., et al.: Exp. Eye Res., 74, 41 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications A glucocorticoid microemulsion nasal preparation allergy inhibitor rhinitis.<br>References Fukuoka, E., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 35, 2943 (1987), Schmitt, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 291 (1999), Hancock, B., et al.: Pharm. Res., 17, 397 (2000), Hogan, S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 18, 112 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxy-17α-ethynyl Estradiol is a metabolite of the potent synthetic estrogen 17α-Ethynylestradiol (E685100).<br>References Maggs, J.L. et al.: Xenobiotica, 13, 421 (1983); Maggs, J.L. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 32, 2793 (1983); Abdel-Aziz, M.T. et al.: Steroids, 15, 695 (1970);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pregnenolone (P712200) derivative, a steroid hormone involved in the steroidogenesis of progesterone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens<br>References Bjondahl, K., et al.: Med. Biol., 54, 454 (1976), Geick, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 14581 (2001), Johnson, D., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 66, 16 (2002), Abe, C., et al.: Lipids, 42, 637 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Hydrocortisone Acetate EP Impurity E<br>Applications Anecortave (Hydrocortisone Acetate EP Impurity E) is an angiostatic steroid. Used in treatment of macular degeneration.<br>References Clark, A.F., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1867 (1997), Slakter, J.S., et al.: Ophthalmology 110, 2372 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Clobetasol Propionate Impurity E is an impurity of Clobetasol (C583490), which is a topical corticosteroid. Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.<br>References Olsen, E.A., et al.: J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 15, 246 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Norethindrone Acetate EP Impurity B<br>Applications Δ-5(10)-Norethindrone Acetate (Norethindrone Acetate EP Impurity B) is a Norethindrone Acetate (N675990) impurity. Used in studies of progesterone-binding properties of purified uteroglobin-like protein.<br>References Beato, M. et al.: J. Reprod. Fert., 53, 305 (1978); Schroff, A. P., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 268 (1975); Singh, H., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 135, 409 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Betamethasone EP Impurity D<br>Applications Betamethasone 21-O-Ethyl Carbonate (Betamethasone EP Impurity D) is a derivative of Betamethasone (B327000); a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.4<br>References Ferrante, M.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 6, 43 (1977); Li, A., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interact., 142, 7 (2002); Cruz-Monteagudo, M., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 40, 1030 (2005); Rothfuss, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 1313 (2006); Xiong, Y., et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed., 49, 646 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Dydrogesterone. A synthetic progestin largely used in hormone therapy, on the central nervous system by studying two markers of the neuroendocrine function: the neurosteroid allopregnanolone and the opioid .beta.-endorphin. Progestogen.<br>References Bernardi, F., et al.: Eur. J. Endocrinol., 138, 316 (1998), Rupprecht, R., et al.: Steroids, 64, 83 (1999), Uzunova, V., et al.: Brain Res., 976, 1 (2003), Pluchino, N., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 102, 205 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Prednival was used in the study of inflammation-inhibiting activity of steroids.<br>References Bodor, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 26, 318 (1983); Stouch, T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 2125 (2986);<br></p>

<p>Applications 7α-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one is a metabolite of Cholesterol (C432501).<br>References Connor, W., et al.: J, Clin. Invest., 48, 1363 (1969), Nestel, P., et al.: Metabolism, 24, 189 (1975), Ellegard, L., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 45, 451 (1991), Pedersen, A., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 41, 1901 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Limaprost (L461500). Limaprost is an analog of Prostaglandin E1 with structural modifications intended to give it a prolonged half-life and greater potency. Limaprost is used as an antianginal.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Tsuboi, T., et al.: Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn., 247, 89 (1980), Adaikan, P.G., et al.: Prostaglandins Med., 6, 449 (1981), Kottegoda, S.R., et al.: Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Med., 8, 343 (1982), Ishizaki, T., et al.: Chest, 85, 382 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications The labelled analogue of a metabolite of Testosterone (T155000). It is a urinary metabolite of Androstenedione (A637550) in patients with Addison's disease and also used as a marker in blood plasma for detection of prostate cancer.<br>References Lokhov, P.G. et al.: Metabolomics, 6, 156 (2010); Bonnaire, Y. et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 19, 175 (1995); Tamm, J. et al.: Steroids, 8, 659 (1966);<br></p>

<p>Applications Estradiol Enanthate has been used as an injectable contraceptive.<br>References Coutinho, E.M., et. al.: Contraception, 73, 249 (2006)<br></p>

<p>5,6-trans-Vitamin D3（5,6-trans-Cholecalciferol） is an isoform of Vitamin D3, which is converted from Vitamin D3 on the skin surface after light exposure.</p>

<p>Applications 11-Ketoprogesterone is a metabolite of Progesterone which is a steroid hormone Inducing maturation and secretory activity of the uterine endothelium. Progesterone is implicated in the etiology of breast cancer.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Anderson, E., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 197 (2002), Lanari, C., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 240 (2002), Albrecht, E.D., et al.: Front. Biosci., 8, 416 (2003), Qiu, M., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 85, 147 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications An oxygenated derivative of Cholesterol (C432501); an oxysterol. An inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro. It induces apoptosis in human monocytic cell lines as well as inducing apoptosis in CEM cells associated with negative regulation of c-Myc.<br>References Aupeix, K. et al.: Immunobiology, 194, 415 (1995); Moog, C. et al.: Antivir. Chem, Chemother., 9, 491 (1998); Ayala-Torres, S. et al.: Exp. Cell Res., 246, 193 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Dutateride EP Impurity E<br>Applications 17α-Dutasteride (Dutateride EP Impurity E) is an impurity of Dutasteride (D735000), a dual inhibitor of 5α-reductase isoenzymes type 1 and 2; structurally related to Finasteride (F342000).<br></p>

<p>Applications Estriol Trisulfate Trisodium Salt (cas# 100940-55-4) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>(1α)-17-(Acetyloxy)-6-chloro-1-(chloromethyl)-pregna-4,6-<br>diene-3,20-dione; 6-Chloro-1α-(chloromethyl)-17-<br>hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione Acetate; Cyproterone<br>Acetate EP Impurity C</p>

<p>Applications Estrogen; antineoplastic (hormonal).<br>References Aboul-Enein, H.Y., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 347 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel is the reduced analogue of levonorgestrel (N689510), a safe, tolerated and effective emergency contraceptive for women.<br>References Cabeza, M., et al.: Steroids., 60, 630 (1995); Lemus, A.E., et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem. Molec. Biol., 41,881 (1992); Bergink. E.W., et al.: J. Steroids. Biochem., 14, 175 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Eplerenone, which is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br></p>

<p>Applications A synthetic progestin largely used in hormone therapy, on the central nervous system by studying two markers of the neuroendocrine function: the neurosteroid allopregnanolone and the opioid .beta.-endorphin. Progestogen.<br>References Bernardi, F., et al.: Eur. J. Endocrinol., 138, 316 (1998), Rupprecht, R., et al.: Steroids, 64, 83 (1999), Uzunova, V., et al.: Brain Res., 976, 1 (2003), Pluchino, N., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 102, 205 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications It is a synthetic 17-lactone steroid which is a renal competitive aldosterone antagonist in a class of pharmaceuticals called potassium-sparing diuretics, used primarily to treat ascites in patients with liver disease, low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and Conn’s syndrome.<br>References Sutter, J.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 431 (1975),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Spironolactone.<br>References Gochman, N., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 135, 312 (1962), Tori, K., et al.: Steroids, 4, 713 (1964), Solymoss, B., et al.: Toxicol. Appli. Pharmacol., 18, 586 (1971),<br></p>

<p>Applications Secondary metabolite of Cholesterol.<br>References Notaro, G., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 55, 1588 (1992), Aydogmus, Z., et al.: Nat. Prod. Res., 18, 43 (2004), Mao, S., et al.: J. Nat. Prod ., 69, 1209 (2006), Shoji, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 884 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA), structurally similar to Spiranolactone. Eplerenone is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br>References de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), Delyani, J.A., et al.: Cardiovasc. Drug Rev., 19, 185 (2001), Burgess, E., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 2573 (2004), Ravis, W.R., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 810 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Anti-inflammatory.<br>References Buchwald, P., et al.: Steroids, 73, 193 (2008), Holbeck, S., et al.: Mol. Endocrinol., 24, 1287 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Hydroxy Estrone 1-N7-Guanine is an estrogen metabolite formed with DNA which can lead to the mutations that initiate breast, prostate, and other types of cancer. Estrogen-DNA depurinating adducts as biomarkers of cancer risk and their use in cancer detection and prevention.<br>References Chakravarti, D., et al.: Mutat. Res., 456, 17 (2000), Liehr, J., et al.: Endocr. Rev., 21, 4054 (2000), Chakravarti, D., et al.: Oncogene, 20, 7945 (2001), Cavalieri, E., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 1041 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5β-Finasteride is an azasteroid and 5β-isomeric impurity of Finasteride (F342000).<br>References Cendrowska, I. et al.: J. Liq. Chrom. Rel. Technol., 22, 2259 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Medroxyprogesterone, an orally active progestogen used in hormone replacement therepy (HRT), in the past has been used as a component of oral contraceptives.<br>References Pan, Q., et al.: Mol. Hum. Reprod., 13, 797 (2007), Matsson, P., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 323, 19 (2007), Jukosky, J.A., et al.: Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 81, 230 (2008), Cherkasov, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 2047 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. It is formed from Cholesterol by the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P 450 3A4. A potential ligand for the nuclear receptor LXR and also a new endogenous CYP3A marker.<br>References Breuer, O., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 36, 2275 (1995), Pikuleva, I., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 18153 (1998), Chawla, A., et al.: Science, 294, 1866 (2001), Bodin, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 38685 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications (20S)-21-Hydroxy-20-methylpregn-4-en-3-one is a side chain degradation product of natural sterols. It is also an intermediate in the preparation of follicular fluid-meiosis activating sterol.<br>References Andor, A. et al.: Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72, 6554 (2006); Blume, T. et al.: Org, Lett., 5, 1837 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of Methylhydrocortisone.<br>References Wang, C., et al.: Steroids, 66, 811 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone ester. Testosterone 17-Valerate has been a useful compound in the development of immunochemical techniques for detection of anabolic androgenic steroids in food supplements.<br>References Ruelle, P., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 157, 219 (1997), de la Torre, X., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 24, 645 (2001), Adat, S., et al.: Lett. Drug Des. Discov., 1, 334 (2004), Holubova, B., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 245, 1011 (2019)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications An impurity of the selective FP prostaglandin receptor agonist Travoprost (T715600) used as an ocularly applied intraocular pressure reducing agent.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Budesonide (B689490) epimer R. Budesonide 22R epimer is more active than 22S epimer. Used as an antiinflammatory agent.<br>References Ryrfeldt., A., et a.: J. Steroid Biochem., 10, 317 (1979), Roth, G., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 766 (1980), Clissold, S.P., et al.: Drugs, 28, 485 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Betamethasone Dipropionate. A glucocorticoid. Used as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial ointment for dermatosis.<br>References Dahlman-Ghozlan, K., et al.: Exp. Dermatol., 13, 65 (2004), Gounni Abdelilah, S., et al.: Clin. Immunol., 120, 220 (2006), Hertl, M., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 116, 1159 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Budesonide EP Impurity I<br>Applications 16α-Butyloxyprednisolone (Budesonide EP Impurity I) is an impurity of Budesonide (B689460), a non-halogenated glucocorticoid intended for the local treatment of lung disease.<br>References Ryrfeldt, Å., et al.: Eur. J. Respir. Dis., 122, 86 (1981); Vestbo, J., et al.: Lancet, 353, 1819 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Fluvastatin 3-Hydroxy-4,6-diene Sodium Salt is a metabolite of Fluvastatin (F601250), a synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Antilipemic.<br>References Yuan, J., et al.: Atherosclerosis, 87, 147 (1991), Tse, F.L.S., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 32, 630 (1992), Dain, J.G., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposit., 21, 567 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications A steroid hormone with weak androgenic activity. It is metabolized from Testosterone (T155000) in the liver and is used in doping analysis to detect testosterone misuse. Controlled Substance.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Park, J., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 14, 66 (1990), Palonek, E., et al.: J. Steroid Mol. Biol., 55, 121 (1995), Aguilera, R., et al.: Clin. Chem. 47, 292 (2001), Flenker, U., et al.: Steroids, 73, 408 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Calcipotriol EP Impurity B is a drug product that is an impurity in Calcipotriol EP. It is produced during the synthesis of calcipotriol and may be present in the natural product. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, and can be used as a research tool to study calcipotriol metabolism.</p>

<p>(5α)-17-(3-Pyridinyl)androst-16-en-3-one is a natural metabolite of testosterone that is produced in the liver. It has been identified as an impurity in API, which can be found in drugs used for the treatment of high blood pressure and prostate cancer. (5α)-17-(3-Pyridinyl)androst-16-en-3-one is not active as a drug itself, but it can be used as a standard to study the metabolism of testosterone and other steroids.</p>

<p>Defluoro atorvastatin calcium is a bulk drug that has been approved to be used as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated cholesterol levels in adults. Defluoro atorvastatin calcium is the desfluoro-enantiomer of atorvastatin, which is a statin that inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, which is an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol. The fluoro group on defluoro atorvastatin calcium is not expected to have any significant effect on its potency or metabolic pathways and any impurities are not expected to have any therapeutic effect.</p>

<p>Soluble in Chloroform &amp; in Methanol Confirmed<br>Insoluble in Wate</p>

<p>Atorvastatin is a statin drug that inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is responsible for cholesterol synthesis. Atorvastatin is used to lower LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in the blood. It also lowers triglyceride levels and raises HDL cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin has been shown to inhibit fibrinogen production, reduce TNF-α production, and improve body mass index (BMI) in obese patients. This drug has been shown to be effective in reducing the size of atherosclerotic lesions by decreasing the amount of cholesteryl esters transferred from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It has also been shown to inhibit collagen production and stimulate muscle cell proliferation.</p>

<p>(betaS,deltaS)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-beta,delta-dihydroxy-5- (1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrole- 1-heptanoic acid calcium salt (2:1) is a fluorinated derivative of the natural metabolite 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-beta,delta-dihydroxy -5-(1 methylethyl)-3 phenyl 4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H pyrrole 1 heptanoic acid. It is an enantiomer of the racemate with optical purity &gt; 98%. The compound has been used as a pharmacological and supramolecular chemistry probe for assays and chemosensors.</p>

<p>Desfluoro atorvastatin is a crystalline polymorph of atorvastatin that has been shown to have improved flowrate and dissolution profile compared with the conventional form. Desfluoro atorvastatin is synthesized by adding a fluorine atom to a specific position in the molecule. The synthesis procedure includes chromatographic purification and analysis of impurities, which are then eliminated by diode laser irradiation. Impurities may also be eliminated through hydrogenation or recrystallization.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about Defluoro atorvastatin acetonide tert-butyl ester including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Atorvastatin lactone is a prodrug for atorvastatin. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is involved in cholesterol synthesis and reduces LDL cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin lactone is absorbed from the gut into the bloodstream and then converted to atorvastatin, which has a higher potency than atorvastatin lactone. This conversion occurs in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, including cytochrome CYP3A4. The pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin lactone are influenced by drugs that inhibit these enzymes. Atorvastatin and its metabolites are excreted in human serum as glucuronide or sulfate conjugates.</p>

<p>7α-Hydroxyhydrocortisone</p>

<p>Atorvastatin is a drug product that is metabolized to atorvastatin epoxy pyrrolooxazin tricyclic impurity. Due to the presence of this impurity, the purity of the drug product is not 100%. Atorvastatin epoxy pyrrolooxazin tricyclic impurity is a natural metabolite with CAS number 516-80-1. It has been shown to have effects on metabolism and may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Metabolism studies have been conducted on animals, but not humans.</p>

<p>Hydrocortisone 21-Aldehyde (Hydrate</p>

<p>Calcipotriol EP Impurity E is a synthetic impurity that is found in the calcipotriol EP API. Calcipotriol EP Impurity E is an impurity standard for HPLC and can be used in drug development, research and development, and pharmacopoeia. It has been shown to have no significant effect on the pharmacological activity of calcipotriol EP.</p>

<p>3-Oxo-4-aza-5a-androst-1-ene-17b-carboxylic acid is a covalently bonded prodrug that is metabolized to its active form, finasteride, in the body. It has been shown to have physiological activities such as skin permeation and cell growth. 3-Oxo-4-aza-5a-androst-1-ene 17b carboxylic acid also has immunotherapy properties and can be conjugated with other compounds for use in cancer treatment.</p>

<p>Fluticasone Propionate EP Impurity F is an impurity of Fluticasone Propionate. Fluticasone Propionate is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in the treatment of asthma and other allergic disorders. Impurity F is a metabolite of Fluticasone Propionate and has been detected in human plasma at low levels (5% of total fluticasone propionate). The metabolism of Fluticasone Propionate to Impurity F has been studied in rat, mouse, dog and man.<br>br&gt;br&gt;<br>The following table summarizes the metabolic pathways that have been identified for this impurity:<br>br&gt;br&gt;<br>Metabolism studies indicate that Impurity F is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 to form conjugates with glucuronic acid or sulfates. It may also be hydrolyzed to form 5α-flurostan-3β,17β-d</p>

<p>Calcipotriol EP Impurity G is an impurity in calcipotriol, which is a drug product. Calcipotriol EP Impurity G has a CAS number of 126825-26-3 and is a natural metabolite of calcipotriol. It is also known as calcipotriol EP Impurity G or calcipotriol EPIG. It has been shown to be an analytical impurity in calcipotriol, and it has been detected by HPLC analysis. Calcipotriol EP Impurity G can be used for research and development, as well as for the production of pharmacopoeia standards.</p>

<p>O-Methyl atorvastatin calcium is a drug product that is an HPLC standard. It is a natural metabolite of atorvastatin, which is synthesized by cytochrome P450 3A4 in the liver. O-Methyl atorvastatin calcium has been shown to be an impurity in some batches of atorvastatin calcium. It has been observed to have pharmacological effects similar to those of atorvastatin. O-Methyl atorvastatin calcium has been used as a research and development (R&amp;D) tool for studies on the metabolism of drugs, including its own synthesis and the study of the effect on other drugs such as amiodarone.</p>

<p>Beta-Epoxyabiraterone acetate is a synthetic and natural metabolite of abiraterone that is used as an API impurity in the synthesis of abiraterone acetate. The drug product is a niche compound with CAS No. 52464-96-6. The Metabolite is an impurity found in the synthesis of beta-epoxyabiraterone acetate. Drug development research and development, analytical methods, and pharmacopoeia are all involved in the production of this compound.</p>