Flavonoids and Polyphenols

<p>Tyrosol (2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanol) is a phenolic antioxidant that is naturally present in several foods such as wines and green tea and is present most</p>

<p>Ononin, a growth inhibitor for pathogens, is a health-promoting natural chemical beneficial in nutrition.</p>

<p>Isoorientin (Homoorientin) has antioxidant activity.</p>

<p>Eriocitrin: an antioxidative flavonoid; reduces exercise-induced oxidative damage and lipids; fights fatty liver and inhibits carbonic anhydrase VA.</p>

<p>Astragaloside I (Cyclosieversioside B) is a natural product isolated from Astragalus membranaceus.</p>

<p>Chlorogenic acid is a natural phenol. Chlorogenic acid has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects. Cost-effective and quality-assured.</p>

Hispidulin, a natural flavone with a broad spectrum of biological activities, is a Pim-1 inhibitor (IC50: 2.71 μM).

<p>Toddalolactone ((+)-Toddalolactone) is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic.</p>

<p>Ammonium glycyrrhizinate (Glycyrram) has various pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antigastriculcer, and antihepatitis activities</p>

<p>Nicotiflorin may aid cerebral ischemia and protect against memory loss, metabolic issues, and oxidative stress in dementia rats.</p>

Estragole (4-Allylanisole) is found in allspice,and is a constituent of many essential oils. Estragole is a flavouring agent.

Daidzin (Daidzoside) is an isoflavone isolated from soya bean with anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-atherosclerotic activities.

<p>Trans-Clovamide (trans-Clovamide) is a naturally occurring caffeoyl conjugate identified in the antioxidant polyphenolic fraction of cocoa (T.</p>

<p>Eupatilin (NSC-122413), a flavone derived from Artemisia princepsPampanini, is a PPARα agonist, with pharmacological activity.</p>

<p>Tetramethylcurcumin is a novel curcumin analog, is an effective inhibitors of STAT3 phosphorylation, DNA binding activity, and transactivation in vitro.it also</p>

<p>Harpagoside: anti-inflammatory; 3 mM inhibits seed germination; reduces COX-2, iNOS mRNA, and protein in HepG2.</p>

<p>Pyrogallol (Piral) is a white crystalline powder and a powerful reducing agent prepared by heating gallic acid.</p>

<p>Lutein (Xantofyl) fights tumors, mutations, microbes, and may treat macular degeneration.</p>

<p>Tectochrysin: antioxidant, hinders ABCG2 transport, induces apoptosis in NSC-LC by blocking STAT3 and activating DR3/Fas.</p>

<p>Aegeline, an alkaloid-amide from Aegle marmelos leaves, exhibits antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects in type 2 diabetes models.</p>

<p>Hyperoside (Hyperin) is a naturally occuring flavonoid compound which shows multiple bioactivities, including myocardial protection, anti-redox, and anti-</p>

<p>Tamarixetin is a natural flavonoid, derived from quercetin, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, guarding against cardiac hypertrophy.</p>

Cinnamaldehyde has antipyretic, sedative, anticancer effects, reduces MDA-MB-435S cell invasion, and may enhance CRC therapy with 5-FU and OXA.

<p>Aloesin, a C-glycosylated chromone from aloe, blocks tyrosinase (IC50=0.9mM) in melanin production.</p>

<p>Paeoniflorin (Peoniflorin) is a herbal constituent extracted from the root of Paeonia albiflora Pall.</p>

<p>Genistein (NPI 031L) is a natural soy isoflavone, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Genistein has antitumor effects. Cost effective and quality assured.</p>

<p>Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside and prunin are direct precursors of naringin and neohesperidin, respectively, in C.</p>

<p>Actein stimulates bone formation, counters osteoporosis and oxidative damage, and may treat lipid disorders and cancer, inhibiting breast cancer cell growth.</p>

<p>Cinnamic acid may combat cancer; IC50 in glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate, and lung cells is 1-4.5 mM.</p>

<p>Methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside ((6aR, 11 aR)-3-hydroxy-9,l0-diMethoxy pt) has anti-inflammatory effects,antioxidant activity.</p>

<p>7-Ethoxy-4-Methylcoumarin: fragrant, organic, enzyme inhibitor; used in drug effect studies.</p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of trans Resveratrol (150000).<br>References Schroder, H., et al.: Clin. Nutr., 20, 429 (2001), Yu, C., et al.: Pharm. Res., 19, 1907 (2002), Rimando, A., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 4713 (2004), Walle, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 32, 1377 (2004), Ito, H., et al.: Br. J. Nutr., 94, 500 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Triclosan is used as bactericide and preservative for cosmetic and detergent compositions (1). Broadly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant (2). This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Lindström, A. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002 Jun 1;36(11):2322-9. 2. Ruszkiewicz, J. et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B. Crit. Rev. 2017;20(2):104-117.<br></p>

<p>Applications Allyl Bromide is used as a reagent in the synthesis of Resveratrol derivatives. Resveratrol (R150000) is a minor constituent of wine, correlated with serum lipid reduction and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Resveratrol is a specific inhibitor of COX-1, and it also inhibits the hydroperoxidase activity of COX-1. It has been shown to inhibit events associated with tumor initiation, promotion and progression.<br> E0<br>References Powell, R.G., et al.: Phytochemistry, 35, 335 (1994), Jeandet, P., et al.: J. Phytopathol., 143, 135 (1995), Mattivi, F., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1820 (1995); Mulakayala, C. et al.: J. Mol. Graph. Model., 41, 43 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pinocembrin is a flavanoid with antioxidant activity found in damiana, honey, and propolis. Recent studies show that Pinocembrin maybe be a therapeutic option in reducing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury as a result of its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. Pinocembrin displayed neuroprotective effects in glutamate injury model partly by inhibiting p53 expression causing a lower Bax-Bcl-2 ratio and by inhibiting the release of cytochrome c.<br>References Zhao, J. et al.: J. Ethnopharmacol., 120, 387 (2008); Liu, R. et al.: Brain Res., 1216, 104 (2008); Gao, M. et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 591, 73 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Widely distributed in small amounts in plants. Used as an antioxidant and food preservative.<br>References Smart, M.G., et al.: Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 6, 485 (1979), Chen, C., et al.: J. Food Lipids, 2, 35,1995, Benzie, I., et al.: Anal. Biochem. 239, 70 (1996), Nardini, M., et al.: Food Chem., 79, 119 (2002), Lee, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 2647 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyleugenol is a phenylpropene that is commonly found in plants such as nutmeg, pimento, lemongrass, tarragon, basil, star anise, and fennel. Methyleugenol has been shown to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in the human colon carcinoma cell line HT29. Compounds that exhibit HDAC-inhibitory properties or disrupt the HDAC complex have potential applications in cancer therapy and chemoprevention. In addition, Methyleugenol is a flavoring agent often used in consumer products such as jellies, baked goods, beverages,chewing gums, ice cream, and fragrance.<br>References Groh, I. A., et al.: J Nutr Metab. 2013, 821082 (2013); R. L. Smith, et al.: Food Chem Toxicol 40, 851 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Stability Unstable in Solution<br>Applications Kaempferol is a plant flavonoid.<br>References Hertog, M., et al.: Nutr. Cancer, 20, 21 (1993), Peluso, M., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 21, 183 (2000), Briggs, W., et al.: Plant Physiol., 125, 85 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-Naringenin, an active flavanone, maintains antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic activities. Used in the treatment of praquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress.<br>References Podder, B. et al.: J. Microbiol. Biotech., 24, 605 (2014); Abd El Azim, M. et al.: Org. Chem. An Ind. J., 10,410 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications The compund shows an anti-cancer activity, plasma cholesterol reduction, reduction in postmenopausal bone loss.<br>References Whalley, J.L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 1569 (1998), Song, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 1607 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of cis Resveratrol.<br>References Schroder, H., et al.: Clin. Nutr., 20, 429 (2001), Yu, C., et al.: Pharm. Res., 19, 1907 (2002), Rimando, A., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 4713 (2004), Walle, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 32, 1377 (2004), Ito, H., et al.: Br. J. Nutr., 94, 500 (2005),<br></p>