Free Radicals and Oxidant/Reducing Agents

Free radicals are molecules with unpaired electrons that can damage cellular structures, affecting the stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). These radicals are important in API formulation, as their presence can influence the stability and efficacy of the drug. Oxidising agents are substances that facilitate the loss of electrons, which can be useful in the production of certain APIs but may also trigger unwanted reactions if not properly controlled. Reducing agents, on the other hand, can stabilise some active compounds by preventing oxidation. The control of free radicals and the management of oxidising and reducing agents are essential in the development of APIs with a prolonged shelf life and efficient therapeutic activity.