Botanical Source

Jatrorrhizine hydrochloride has lipid lowering effects, it can ameliorate hyperlipidemia via the suppression of lipogenesis and the enhancement of lipid oxidation in the liver. It exhibits a potent inhibitory effect toward neuraminidase of the H7N9 (N9) avian influenza virus, it also can potentiate the neuraminidase inhibitory effect of oseltamivir towards H7N9 influenza. Jatrorrhizine hydrochloride is a potential new antimelanoma drug candidate, can inhibit the proliferation and neovascularization of C8161 metastatic melanoma cells with low toxicity.

Hydroxy-β-sanshool is a pungent compound, it can cause oral numbness.

Deoxyshikonin and dodecyl gallate show significantly synergic antimicrobial activity with penicillin in vivo and in vitro, and can effectively reduce nasopharyngeal and lung colonization caused by different penicillin-resistant pneumococcal serotypes. Deoxyshikonin exerts very good radical scavenging activities toward ABTS+ but shows moderate inhibition of DPPH·, and shows cytotoxic activities. Deoxyshikonin may be a new drug candidate for wound healing and treatment of lymphatic diseases.

Neogambogic acid , an active ingredient in garcinia, can inhibit the growth of some solid tumors and result in an anticancer effect, it may be responsible for the inhibition of proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 cells.

​Brevilin A is a strong impetus for the development of selective JAK-STAT inhibitors and therapeutic drugs in order to improve survival of patients with hyperactivated JAKs and STATs. Brevilin A shows antigiardial activity (IC50 = 16.1 μM) and is similarly active in vitro against Entamoeba histolytica (IC50 between 4.5 and 9 μM) and against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 = 9.42 μM).

Cyanidin Chloride, the main phenolic antioxidant in the grape (Vitis vinifera), in particular in the liposomal forms, could be used for treatment of diabetes mellitus complications. It has a dual effect on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, exhibits therapeutic potential in prevention of osteoclasts related bone disorders.

3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose has neuroprotective effect and antidepressive activity in rats, at least in part, by increasing expression of cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) and its downstream target protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). 3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose protect neuron cells from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity include the downregulation of proapoptotic gene Bax and the upregulation of antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2.