APIs for research and impurities

Levofloxacin is a synthetic molecule with an asymmetric carbon atom in its heterocycle. It is synthesized by reacting chloroform with 2-fluoro-5-nitrobenzaldehyde, which reacts further with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid to form the levofloxacin carboxylic acid. Impurities can be found in the reaction product due to chlorine atoms that are formed during the synthesis. The amount of impurities present in the final product can be determined using a titration method or through HPLC analysis. Levofloxacin has been shown to be effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium perfringens, although is not active against acid-fast bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium avium complex.

N-Formyl leurosine is an inhibitor of fatty acid synthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of solid tumours in mice and rats, but not in dogs. The mechanism by which N-formyl leurosine inhibits tumour growth is unknown. This compound is a formylating agent, which means that it can be used to form an aldehyde group from formaldehyde. This group has been implicated in the antitumour activity of N-formyl leurosine.

9-(1,3-Dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-3,9-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione is a metabolite of the drug 9-(1,3-Dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,9 dihydrobenzo[g]pteridine. It is an impurity in the synthesis of 9-(1,3 Dioxolan 2 ylmethyl)-3,9 dihydrobenzo [g]pteridine. The purity of this compound is > 99%, with a melting point range of 233 to 235 °C and a molecular weight of 244.24 g/mol. It is soluble in methanol and acetonitrile. This compound has been characterized by IR spectroscopy (ATR), 1H NMR (400 MHz) spectroscopy (CDCl 3 ), and mass spectrometry (HRMS

Xanthoxin is a medicinal compound with potent anticancer properties. It has been shown to induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells. Xanthoxin has been tested in various cancer cell lines, including Chinese and human cells, and has demonstrated strong inhibitory effects on the tumor cycle. This compound works by inhibiting kinases and other proteins involved in cancer cell growth and proliferation. Xanthoxin is also known to be an inhibitor of certain urinary proteins that are associated with cancer progression. Overall, Xanthoxin shows great potential as a natural product for the development of novel anticancer therapies.

2-Methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid (2MSBA) is a reactive compound that reacts with the proton of vancomycin to form a dianion. This reaction is reversible and can be catalyzed by chloride ions. 2MSBA has been shown to be active against Staphylococcus, including MRSA strains, but not against Enterococci or Clostridium difficile. 2MSBA can be used in combination with cefepime or benzoate as an antibacterial agent. It also has antifungal properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, an important component of fungal cell membranes.
2-Methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is related to fluconazole in that it contains a benzoate moiety and an amide group. These structural features confer antibacterial and antif

(-)-Bornyl ferulate is a natural compound, specifically a type of ferulic acid ester, which is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants. Its source is primarily the essential oils and resins of various coniferous species, where it contributes to the plant's defense mechanisms. The mode of action of (-)-Bornyl ferulate involves its ability to scavenge free radicals, thus exhibiting antioxidant activity. It also modulates inflammatory pathways, suggesting possible anti-inflammatory effects.

Pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide is a prodrug that is converted to the active form pantoprazole in the stomach where it inhibits gastric acid secretion. Pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide has been shown to be genotoxic, and can cause polyvinyl chloride to degrade when stored together. Reconstituted solution of this drug should be used within 24 hours after reconstitution, as the chemical stability of this drug decreases rapidly. Validation studies have been conducted on different analytical methods for determining pantoprazole concentrations in reconstituted solutions, and these methods have been harmonized with those published by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP). The pump inhibitor activity of pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide has been demonstrated in dogs, and it is also useful for treating acid reflux disease in humans. Pantoprazole sulfone N-oxide is unstable at high temperatures (>25°C), so should not be refrigerated or

2-(4-Formylphenyl)propionic acid is a racemic mixture of 2-formylphenylacetic acid and 4-formylphenylacetic acid. This compound is used in the treatment of bacterial infections and inflammation. It is an organic solution that can be injected, administered orally, or applied topically. The 2-(4-formylphenyl)propionic acid has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, but also has side effects such as skin irritation when it is applied topically. This drug can also cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea when administered orally.

4-Methanesulfonyloxybutanol is a chemical substance with the molecular formula CH3SO2CH(CH2OH)CH2OH. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of 4-methanesulfonyloxybutanol, which is a potent inhibitor of busulfan-induced leukopenia and myelosuppression. This substance has been shown to be highly effective in preventing busulfan-induced side effects when administered intravenously. 4-Methanesulfonyloxybutanol is chemically synthesized by intramolecular alkylation of butanol, followed by hydrolysis. The reaction product can be detected using an ionization detector in conjunction with gas chromatography. This product is an alkylation agent that reacts with polypropylene to produce polypropylene glycols.

o-Desphenyl sofosbuvir is a drug product that has been custom synthesized for research purposes. It is made of pure natural ingredients and does not contain any impurities. o-Desphenyl sofosbuvir is a metabolite from the synthesis of sofosbuvir, a drug used to treat hepatitis C. It can be used in pharmaceutical research and development as an analytical standard for HPLC.

Regadenoson Impurity 28 is an analytical standard and research and development impurity. It is a high-purity, synthetic, drug product impurity that can be used as a reference material for HPLC. This drug impurity is also available in a custom synthesis service. Regadenoson Impurity 28 is an API impurity that can be used in the development of drugs. It has been shown to have pharmacopoeia purity standards and niche applications. Regadenoson Impurity 28 is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to form active metabolites that are not active against the beta-1 adrenergic receptor in rat heart cells, but are active against the alpha 1 adrenergic receptor in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

Doxorubicin impurity 15 is a natural product that is used as an analytical reference standard in pharmacopoeia. It has been synthesized for use in drug development and research and development, and is available as a high-purity HPLC standard. Doxorubicin impurity 15 has a CAS number of 131086-18-5.

Albendazole sulfone is a metabolite of the drug albendazole. It is used as an analytical standard to measure the concentration of albendazole in human plasma and urine samples. The concentration-time curve for albendazole sulfone can be determined using a nonlinear regression analysis, with the rate constant being calculated from the slope and intercept. This method has been shown to be accurate for predicting pharmacokinetic parameters in humans. Albendazole sulfone is also used as a probe in wastewater treatment studies, where it binds to colloidal gold particles that are used to visualize the removal of small particles by microorganisms.

Fonofos is a potent inhibitor that has been shown to induce apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. It is also known to inhibit chitin kinase, a protein that plays an important role in the biosynthesis of chitin, which is essential for the formation of cell walls in fungi and insects. Fonofos has medicinal properties and has been studied as a potential anticancer agent due to its ability to inhibit tumor growth. In vitro studies have shown that Fonofos can inhibit the growth of human cancer cells by inhibiting heparin-binding proteins. Additionally, it has been found to have inhibitory effects on several other enzymes involved in cancer development and progression. Although not approved for use in humans, Fonofos may hold promise as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of certain cancers.

Cis-Tadalafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5, which is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing men with ED to achieve and maintain an erection. Cis-Tadalafil is also used to treat symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) in men. This drug has been shown to be effective in treating PPH by reducing pulmonary arterial pressure and improving exercise capacity. Cis-Tadalafil belongs to the carboline class of drugs and is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor that selectively inhibits cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). This drug has been shown to be highly effective in treating both ED and PPH with minimal side effects.