Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Compounds and Metabolites

<p>Cis-8-Octadecenoic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid and isomer of oleic acid, trans-vaccenic acid, trans-petroselinic acid, and cis-petroselinic acid, is present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oil and milk fat.</p>

<p>Prostaglandin F2α-1-glyceryl ester undergoes oxidation via 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-HPGDH) [1].</p>

<p>Arbaprostil, a synthetic PGE analog, guards stomach lining, aids ulcer healing, and blocks pancreatic function and tumor growth.</p>

<p>GNE-783 is a selective inhibitor of CHK1.</p>

<p>9(E),11(E)-Conjugated Linoleic Acid (9(E),11(E)-CLA) belongs to a group of eight geometric isomers of linoleic acid, characterized by adjacent double bonds. This specific isomer, 9,11 all-trans linoleic acid, was first discovered in ground beef and is found in various dairy products as well. Notably, it has been shown to decrease mammary tumors in rats with dietary inclusion as minimal as 0.1%. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1181]</p>

<p>ML395 is a potent, selective PLD2 allosteric inhibitor with potent antiviral activity (IC50 =360 nM).</p>

<p>KRP-109, a neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor, acts by decreasing expression of TGF-ß Signal Related Genes.</p>

<p>2-Myristyl dipalmitin (PMP), a triglyceride of palmitic acid, shows potential as a lipid marker for Wilson's disease (WD) [1] [2].</p>

<p>5-PAHSA, a FAHFA formed through the formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic acid with the hydroxy group of 5-hydroxystearic acid, serves as a human metabolite, possesses anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties, and is categorized as a long-chain fatty acid. This compound, deriving from hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid, is the conjugate acid of a 5-PAHSA(1-).</p>

<p>"(±)-2'-Hydroxy Ceramide (d18:0/18:0) is a sphingomyelin derivative isolated from mammalian platelets upon ADP stimulation [1]."</p>

<p>9(Z),11(E),13(Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester, an isomer of 9(Z),11(E),13(E)-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester and the methyl ester derivative of 9(Z),11(E),13(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, serves as a standard for quantifying 9(Z),11(E),13(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid in wild growing pomegranate (P. granatum) seed oil [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1240].</p>

<p>C24:1 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:1) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C24:1 dihydro 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:0/24:1) is 1246298-60-1.</p>

<p>Prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), initially isolated from the incubation of arachidonic acid with ovine seminal vesicle microsomes, acts as a potent vasoconstrictor. It serves as the precursor for all 2-series prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes (TXs). Moreover, as a TP receptor agonist, PGH2 irreversibly aggregates human platelets at concentrations of 50-100 ng/ml.</p>

<p>Gentisein (NSC-329491), a primary metabolite of Mangiferin, exhibits significant inhibition of serotonin uptake, demonstrating potency with an IC50 value of 4.7</p>

<p>R1498 inhibits CDK2, targets angiogenesis and mitosis, and is an oral treatment for liver and stomach cancer.</p>

<p>Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are lipids recently discovered to be modulated by dietary influences such as fasting and high-fat feeding, and they play a role in enhancing insulin sensitivity. These compounds typically feature a carbon-16 or carbon-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) esterified to a carbon-16 or carbon-18 hydroxy fatty acid. A specific example is 12-SAHSA, which consists of stearic acid linked to 12-hydroxy stearic acid. Notably, 12-SAHSA levels are found to be moderately increased in the serum of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, a model characterized by adipose tissue-specific overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter.</p>

<p>L-DABA hydrobromide (L-2,4-Diaminobutyric acid hydrobromide) , GABA transaminase inhibitor with antitumor and anticonvulsant activity.</p>

<p>Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate is produced from inosine monophosphate (IMP) through the catalytic action of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH).</p>

<p>Diethylumbelliferyl phosphate (DEUP) is a potent and selective inhibitor of cholesterol esterase that does not inhibit protein kinase A activity in vitro. It disrupts steroidogenesis by blocking cholesterol transport to mitochondria in steroidogenic cells, with an IC50 of 11.6 μM. This compound may also limit the absorption of dietary cholesterol.</p>

<p>Substituted piperidines-1 can promote the release of growth hormone in humans and animals.</p>