Amino Acids (AA)

<p>Applications A labelled product of L-Tryptophan metabolism, possessing neruoactive activity having antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant properties.<br>References Wejksza, K., et al.: Pharmacol. Rep., 61, 751 (2009), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Di Natale, B., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 115, 89 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Useful in the study of tyrosine-phosphorylation, which has been linked with the malignant transformation of cells by some RNA tumour viruses.<br>References Sefton, B.M., et al.: Cell, 20, 807 (1980), Erikson, R., et al.: Perspect. Virol., 11, 93 (1981), Lee, E-S, et al.: J. Org. Chem., 59, 2086 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Aspartic Acid, is a non-essential amino acid found in food sources. Its conjugate base D-aspartate has potential use as a a therapeutic agent in the treatment of schizophrenia-related symptoms.<br>References Errico, F. et al.: J. Neurosci., 28, 10404 (2008); Denu, J.M. et al.: Biochem., 34, 3396 (1995); Chen, P.E. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 67, 1470 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-(2-Chloroethoxy)-2-methoxy benzene, is an impurity of Carvedilol (C184625), a nonselective β-adrenergic blocker with α1-blocking activity. Carvedilol is an antihypertensive used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.<br>References Hirohashi, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 40, 735 (1990); Packer, M., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 334, 1349 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-L-cystine is an antioxidant, used in the treatment of influenza A virus pandemic (1). N-Acetyl-L-cystine promotes fertilization by reducing disulfide bonds in zona pellucida of mouse (2).Releases N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, which is an antidote for paracetamol poisoning.<br>References (1) Zhang, R., et al.: (2014) Int. Immunopharmacol. 22: 1-8 (2) Takeo, T., et al.: Biol Reprod. (2015) 92: 1-7<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Valine is an essential amino acid and one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine cannot be manufactured by the body and must be acquired through diet or supplementation. L-valine is found in grains, dairy products, mushrooms, meats, peanuts and soy proteins. L-Valine has been used in studies to attenuate arrhythmias and induce hypotensive effects.<br>References Choi, C.W. et al.: Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 102, 15 (2002); Kolarski, D. et al.: Krmiva, 30, 155 (1988); Oba, M. et al.: J. Dairy Sci., 93, 2044 (2010); Mitrega, K. et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 64, 218 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A carnitine ester of unsaturated fatty acid. Used in the studies of fibroblasts in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and fatty acid oxidation disorders.<br>References Gross R.W., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 258, 5221 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbamoyl-guanidine Amidino Urea Salt, Hydrochloride salt (cas# 926-72-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Galactosylceramides play an important roles in promoting the regulation of nerve cells, regulating protein kinase C activities and modulating the function of the hormone receptor. It has shown to have significant immunostimulatory and anti-umor activity in mice with liver metastasis of the Colon26 adenocarcinoma.<br>References Morita, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2176 (1995), Sakai, T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 42, 1836 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Homocysteine is the stereoisomer of L-Homocystine, increased levels lead to hyperhomocysteinemia; a cardiovascular risk factor in prediction of coronary heart disease as well as being associated with congenital birth defects, pregnancy complications and cancer.<br>References Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003); Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Pantothenic Acid is a member of the B complex vitamins; essential vitamin for the biosynthesis of coenzyme A in mammalian cells. Occurs ubiquitously in all animal and plant tissue. The richest common source is liver, but jelly of the queen bee contains 6 times as much as liver. Rice bran and molasses are other good sources.<br>References Gardner, P., et al.: Food Chem., 68, 471 (2000); Ou, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2772 (2002); Bahorun, T., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 84, 1553 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled L-Ornithine. A non-essential amino acid for human development but is required intermediate in arginine biosynthesis. L-Ornithine is found in virtually all vertebrate tissues as well as incorporated into proteins, such as tyrocidine. Isolation from chicken excreta.<br>References Fattori, D. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 550 (2007); Gomez-Alonso, S. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 608 (2007); Subramaniam, R. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 18, 3333 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(4-Cyanophenyl)-glycine (cas# 42288-26-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Isoleucine is classified as an essential amino acid, and is also a tumour promoter of bladder cancer in rats.<br>References Hatch, T., et al.: Infect. Immun., 12, 211 (1975); Nishio, Y., et al.: Science, 231, 843 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of L-Phenylalanine, an essential amino acid.<br>References Hollunger, G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 34, 391 (1974); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Aminobutyl-d8 Guanidine is the labelled analog of the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine (A769500) and also an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis.<br>References Golding, B.T., et al.: Biochem. Soc. Trans., 22, 391S (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications (3R)-Tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is derived from (R)-(-)-3-Hydroxytetrahydrofuran (H957760), which is a versatile chemical reactant used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical agents.<br>References Hrapchak, M., et al.: J. Labelled. Comp. Radiopharm., 57, 687 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Butyrylglycine is one of the acylglycines, an important class of metabolites that have been used in the diagnosis of several inborn errors of metabolism (IEM).<br>References Costa, C., et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal., 21, 1215 (2000), Garcia-Villoria, J., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 42, 2 (2009), Scalbert, A., et al.: Metabolomics, 5, 435 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Arginine-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-d7 HCl (CAS# 204244-77-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound. It can be used with Raman scattering for imaging living cells and organisms.<br>References Min, W., et al., PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014205074 A2<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-α-Methyl-β-alanine is a reactant for the chemoenzymatic assembly of cryptophycins as potent anticancer therapeutics.<br>References Magarvey, N.A., et al.: ACS Chem. Biol., 1, 766-779 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glutamic Acid α-tert-Butyl Ester is an ester of L-Glutamic Acid used in the synthesis of enantiopure isotopomers of amino acids.<br>References Chauvel, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 2950 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4'-Methylacetanilide (cas# 103-89-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A non-essential amino acid found in food sources and dietary supplements. Its conjugate base D-aspartate has potential use as a a therapeutic agent in the treatment of schizophrenia-related symptoms.<br>References Errico, F. et al.: J. Neurosci., 28, 10404 (2008); Denu, J.M. et al.: Biochem., 34, 3396 (1995); Chen, P.E. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 67, 1470 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Bromo-3-methyl-2(5H)-furanone is used as a reactant in the synthesis of strigolactone analogs.<br>References Artuso, Emma, et al.: J. of Nat. Products, 78(11), 2624-2633 (2015);Jia, Kun-Peng, et al.: Mol. Plant, 9(9), 1341-1344 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Tinidazole EP Impurity A/ Metronidazole EP Impurity A<br>Applications 2-Methyl-5-nitroimidazole (Tinidazole EP Impurity A) is a Floconazole impurity.<br>References Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 187, 84 (2009), Kumar, L., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 45, 817 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxymethyl-5-methylimidazole (cas# 29636-87-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Carbobenzoxyglycine is used in the dipeptide synthesis.<br>References Hans, D., et al.: Med. Chem., 2, 627 (2006), Guzman, F., et al.: J. Biotechnol., 10, 279 (2007), Vlieghe, P., et al.: Drug Discov. Today, 15, 40 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications An endogenous antidiuretic hormone in most mammalian species. It is released into the blood from nerve terminals in the posterior pituitary and median eminence. It is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and also implicated in a variety of physiological processes such as regulating water balance by antidiuretic action. It is a peptidic V1a receptor agonist that produces vasoconstriction via V1aR-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell contraction and is being used to increase blood pressure in septic shock, a form of vasodilatory hypotension.<br>References Perucca, J. et al.: J. AM. Soc. Nephrol., 19, 1721 (2008); Toba, K. et al.: Prog. Brain Res., 119, 337 (1998); Berrada, K. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 27229 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2,2-Diselanediyldiethanamine dihydrochloride (cas# 3542-13-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Isobutyrylglycine detection is a useful diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of many organic acidemias and mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation defects. N-Isobutyrylglycine detection is also used in the diagnosis of isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.<br>References Costa, C. G. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 21, 1215 (2000); Bonafe, L. et al.: Mol. Gen. Metab., 69, 311 (2000); Sass, J. et al.: J. Inher. Metab. Dis., 27, 741 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3’,5’-Diiodo-L-thyronine is a thyroid hormone that has been shown to increase malic enzyme activity, and the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in teleost Anabas testudineus. Thus, showing short term effect on lipid metabolism.<br>References Davey, K.G.: Insect Biochem. Mol. Bio., 30, 877 (2000); Shameena, B., et. al.: Endocr. Res., 26, 431 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of carboxylic acid.<br>References Bardsley, W., et al.: Biochem. J., 122, 557 (1971), Kim, J., et al.: Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 69, 1331 (2005), Kopka, J., et al.: J. Biotechnol., 124, 312 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications A serine derivative. Used in the synthesis of constrained amino acid buildings blocks and their incorporation into biologically active peptidomimetics.<br>References Rew, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 3746 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1-Chloro-2-methylpropene is a reagent in the synthesis of pyrrolyl and indolyl diketo acids and esters as nucleotide-competitive non-nucleoside inhibitors of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Costi, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 7431 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Fluoro-4-methylphenylboronic Acid (cas# 170981-26-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Hydroxyisovaleroyl Carnitine is used as a diagnostic tool to identify the presence of orofacial clefts. Also used in the screening and diagnostics of inborn errors of metabolism.<br>References Denes, J. et al.: Anal. Chem., 84, 10113 (2012); Budner, M. et al.: Arch. Oral. Biol., 58, 459 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications L-2-Aminobutyric Acid-d6 is the isotope labelled analog of L-2-Aminobutyric Acid (A602930); a receptor antagonist.<br>References Porter, D.J.T., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 50, 1475 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methyl-dl-valine, HCl<br></p>