Amino Acids (AA)

<p>Z-Pro-Ala-OH is a carboxypeptidase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amide bond between the carboxyl group of glutamic acid and the amino group of proline. This enzyme can be found in wheat (Triticum aestivum), where it is present at high concentrations, and has a specificity for Z-Pro-Ala. The enzyme is active in muscle tissue, as well as in brain and cardiovascular tissues. It has been shown to have beneficial effects on cerebral cortex function and cardiovascular diseases. The enzyme is also specific to erythrocytes and plasma samples, with high activity levels observed in homogenates of both tissues.</p>

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<p>3-Methylbutanoic acid is an antimicrobial agent that belongs to the group of isovaleric acids. It is a product of β-oxidation and has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by reacting with their surface. 3-Methylbutanoic acid inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the pyrazole ring in DNA and altering its conformation, preventing DNA replication. This reaction occurs at a rate comparable to that of other fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin. 3-Methylbutanoic acid has been shown to have antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, particularly those that are resistant to erythromycin or lincomycin.</p>