Enzyme Substrates

2-Amino-5-pyridyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranose is a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme β galactosidase. It is used to detect the presence of β galactosidase in bacterial cultures. The substrate is soluble in water and has a long shelf life. 2APAAG can be used for food testing and environmental testing as it produces a bioluminescent signal when cleaved by β galactosidase.

Espresso-Gal (Espresso-beta-D-galactopyranoside) is a chromogenic indicator for beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields an espresso brown colored precipitate. Espresso-Gal can also be used as detecting agent for beta-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Read more in the Application Notes.

Chemiluminescence substrate for C2-esterase (acetyl esterase)

A substrate for visualising alkaline phosphatase activity. Produces a red colored insoluble end product that is detected visually, when used together with Nitroblue tetrazolium. The substrate system is versatile and functions in a variety of applications, including Northern, Southern, and Western blotting, in situ hybridization, ELISAs and immunohistochemistry. DMF soluble.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside is a compound that is commonly used as an enzyme substrate for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK). It is activated by GSK-3β and has been shown to inhibit the activity of this enzyme. This compound has also been found to have inhibitory effects on other enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase and lactate dehydrogenase. Additionally, 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside exhibits antifungal activity against various fungi, including those resistant to other antifungal agents such as fluopyram and prothioconazole. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. Furthermore, this compound has potential applications in the development of new drugs targeting GSK-3β and β-catenin signaling pathways, which are implicated in various diseases including cancer and neuro

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4-Nitrophenyl phosphate bis(cyclohexylammonium) is an excellent chromogenic substrate designed for the detection and quantification of phosphatase enzyme activities. Aided by the presence of the cyclohexylammonium cation, it undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis, yielding the colored 4-nitrophenolate ion, which can be readily observed at 405 nm. The substrate has become an essential tool for biomedical research, playing a crucial role in unearthing cellular mechanisms, function, and potential drug targets.

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5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-1,3-diacetate (BCID) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase enzyme. BCID has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cell cultures in vitro including murine and human cells. BCID has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of TNF-α production in murine models for asthma and allergic rhinitis. The drug has also been shown to reversibly inhibit the activity of the enzyme without affecting its ability to bind substrate or to regenerate active enzyme form inactive enzyme, indicating that it does not act as a suicide inhibitor.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 3-O-(α-L-fucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside is an organic compound that is used as a radioactive marker for DNA. It can be synthesized in the laboratory and its use allows for the tracking of DNA molecules. The production of this marker is achieved by recombinant expression of the gene encoding the enzyme β-D-galactosidase, which hydrolyzes 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside to release 4-methylumbelliferone and α-L-fucopyranose. The enzyme uses UDP glucose as a cofactor to catalyse the reaction. This product has been isolated from Corynebacterium glutamicum, with recombinant expression vectors used to produce it in host cells such as Escherichia coli or Corynebacterium glutamicum. It has been found that

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Luciferin-caprylate is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used in the detection of various substances. It is a high purity compound with CAS No. 583-22-8 and an E number of E711. This product can be used in diagnostic, food testing, and other applications. Luciferin-caprylate has been shown to be an excellent substrate for bioluminescence, fluorescence, and chemiluminescence reactions. It generates light through the oxidation of luciferin by the enzyme luciferase in the presence of oxygen or other oxidizing agents. The light generated by this reaction can be detected using a photomultiplier tube or luminometer, which can then be used to detect substances such as bacteria, protozoa, or fungi.

2'-(4-Methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, sodium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-galactosidase. It is used in the analysis of cultured media and as a conjugate for enzyme substrates. This product has been shown to be useful in food testing, diagnostics, and environmental testing. 2'-(4-Methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, sodium salt has been used as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of alpha-galactosidase activity. This product is also used as a bioluminescent substrate for the detection of bioluminescence.

Beta-alanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin, trifluoroacetate salt is a high purity, ligand, and conjugate. It can be used in the food testing and environmental testing fields. This product has been shown to be a good substrate for enzyme activity and can also function as a fluorescent dye in chemiluminescence assays. Beta-alanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin, trifluoroacetate salt is soluble in water and has a CAS number of 201847-54-3.

Aldol® 515 N-glutaryl-L-phenylalanine amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of L-glutamate-phenylalanine (GluPhe)-specific peptidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved the GluPhe-specific peptidase, yielding development of orange-red coloration. In addition, red fluorescence is generated when Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 N-glutaryl-L-phenylalanine amide can be used in enzyme assays and live bacterial cultures. Aldol® 515 N-glutaryl-L-phenylalanine amide is suitable for use in liquid and solid media, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.

4-Chloro-3-indoxyl-1,3-diacetate is a chromogenic substrate used in the identification of bile acids. It reacts with 4-chlorophenol to form a red dye. This compound is also used as a ligand for metal ions.

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Luciferin-choline phosphate, sodium salt is a chemical compound used for the detection of phosphatases and esterases. This compound is also used for the detection of bacteria and fungi in food testing and environmental testing. Luciferin-choline phosphate, sodium salt is a chromogenic substrate that can be detected using bioluminescence or fluorogenic substrates. It has an absorbance maximum at around 420 nm.

Luciferin-beta-D-glucoside, potassium salt is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used as a ligand in enzyme assays. It is also used in the manufacture of diagnostic reagents, such as conjugates and culture media. It is often used to test for the presence of bacteria or fungi.

Luciferin-beta-D-glucoside, potassium salt is a conjugate of luciferin and beta-D-glucose. This compound is a substrate for enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of luciferin to generate light. It can be used in diagnostic tests as a chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate to detect specific substances, such as metals and microbes.

AquaSpark™ alpha-D-glucoside is a chemiluminescent substrate for thealpha-glucosidase enzyme, based on the AquaSpark™ technology. Uponhydrolytic cleavage by alpha-glucosidase, AquaSpark™ alpha-D-glucosideemits green light that allows for sensitive detection ofalpha-glucosidase activity in a variety of biological samples.In microbiology alpha-glucosidase probes are used for the detection ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae, Cronobacter sakazakii, Staphylococcus aureus,Enterobacter spp., Bacillus stearothermophilus and other species.

The AquaSpark® 510 Nitroreductase/NADH Probe (CL-NTR) is a water-soluble probe for the selective chemiluminescent detection of nitroreductase (NTR) activity. It is a versatile tool for monitoring a number of biological processes.

Aldol® 470 L-pyroglutamic acid amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of pyrrolidonyl peptidase (PYRase) activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by PYRase-producing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding orange color. In addition, green fluorescence is generated when a suitable matrix is present, such as, the surface of cellulose acetate filters, polypropylene tubes or microplates, and polyethylene vials. Aldol® 470 L-pyroglutamic acid amide is suitable for use under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-D-xylopyranoside is an enzyme substrate that can be used in the detection of β-galactosidase activity. This product has been shown to be a good ligand for various xanthine oxidoreductases, including xanthine dehydrogenase and uricase. 5BBIX is also a chromogenic substrate for horseradish peroxidase and can be used to detect hydrogen peroxide in the presence of osmium tetroxide or potassium permanganate. 5BBIX has been extensively tested for use in diagnostics, food, and environmental testing.

Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved in the presence of beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase yielding development of a yellow product. In addition, green fluorescence is generated when a suitable matrix or Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer is present. Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide amide can be used in enzymatic assays or in live bacterial cultures. Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is suitable for use in liquid and solid media, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.

Aldol® 455 is a substrate for the enzyme beta-galactosidase. It is used in food testing, staining, and environmental testing. Aldol® 455 has been shown to be a good substrate for fluorogenic and chromogenic substrates. It can be conjugated with an antibody or other ligand for use in immunoassays. Aldol® 455 is of high purity and high quality, making it suitable for use in diagnostics and as an enzyme substrate. This product can also be used as a culture media additive.

5-Bromo-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (5BIG) is a fluorogenic substrate that has been shown to be an effective enzyme substrate. It is used in the chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, and fluorescence detection of enzymes. 5BIG is also a chromogenic substrate for nucleic acid staining and can be used in food testing as well as diagnostics. 5BIG is highly pure and high quality with a CAS number of 1301706-59-1.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-a-D-xylopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used in food testing and environmental testing. This product is a conjugate of the xylosidase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.37) with 5-bromo-4-chloroindoxyl, which has been shown to have a high affinity for the enzyme's active site and enzymatic activity. The purity of this product is > 95% and the CAS number is 68618-41-5.

Luciferin-beta-D-glucuronide, dipotassium salt, is a bioluminescent substrate for beta-glucuronidase (GUS). It is used in various fields, including biomedical research, diagnostics, and imaging.

Water soluble substrate for firefly luciferase. Used for imaging the expression of the LUC marker gene and luciferase-fusion conjugates in living cells, tissues and organisms. Extensively utilized in reporter gene assays, immunoassays and hygiene monitoring. Endotoxin free product.

Water soluble substrate for firefly luciferase, with low endotoxin.