Chromogenic Substrates

<p>Chromogenic β-xylosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.</p>

<p>Aldol® 470 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding yellow coloration and green fluorescence. Aldol® 470 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-galactosidase gene reporter assays or immunoassay applications (ELISA). Aldol® 470 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl acetate is a chromogenic substrate that yields a magenta-colored product after cleavage. The chromophore 5-bromo-6-chloro-indoxyl is released, generating the observable color. It is used in bacterial esterase detection (e.g. Staphylococcus spp.).</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate targeting beta-galactosidase</p>

<p>N-Methylindoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside monohydrate (MG) is a chromogenic probe that interacts with galactose residues found on glycoproteins, which are found on cell surfaces, leading to activation of cells. MG also binds specifically to the surface of lung cells and can inhibit the development of certain types of infections..</p>

<p>Aldol® 458 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by lactose utilizing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding yellow coloration and green fluorescence. Aldol® 458 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-galactosidase gene reporter assays or immunoassay applications (ELISA). Aldol® 458 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.</p>

<p>3-Nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic enzyme substrate commonly used to assay for beta-glucosidase activity. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a yellow product that can be easily detected by spectrophotometry. This substrate is often used in the field of carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry to study enzyme kinetics and inhibition in both in vitro and in vivo systems.</p>

<p>Naphthol AS-D is a diagnostic chemical for phosphatase enzymes and is used to stain cells, tissues, and body fluids for diagnosis. The chemical reacts with the amino groups of proteins in cells and produces a brown color. Naphthol AS-D is not toxic to living cells in concentrations below 5%. It stains basophilic leukemia cells as well as brain cells. This chemical can be used to diagnose cutaneous lesions, such as psoriasis or melanoma, which are difficult to diagnose by standard methods.  present in these lesions and produce a brown color.</p>

<p>Calcium 2-naphthylphosphate, which is the calcim salt of 2-naphthylphosphate, is a chromogenic substrate to measure alkaline phosphatase activity. After enzymatic cleavage, the product yielded (2-naphthol) generates a red-colored complex upon reaction with a diazonium salt like Fast Blue RR or Fast Garnet GBC.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl beta-L-fucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the enzymatic activity of beta-L-fucosidase. After cleavage, the nitrophenyl moiety is released exhibiting a light yellowish color. 2-Nitrophenyl beta-L-fucopyranoside is used in bacterial fucose metabolism studies to identify and quantify the enzymatic activity in, for example, Bacteroides spp..</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl laurate is a chromogenic substrate for lipase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl laurate is used in different applications such as the Lipase activity screening, clinical diagnostics</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl butyrate is a chromogenic enzyme substrate that is commonly used in enzymatic assays to detect lipases and esterases. When hydrolyzed by these enzymes, the substrate yields a yellow product that can be detected spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. The advantage of using 2-nitrophenyl butyrate is its high sensitivity and specificity for detecting lipolytic and esterolytic activities. This substrate is widely used in various applications, including enzyme kinetics studies, inhibitor screening, and the determination of esterase activity in biological samples such as serum, plasma, and cell lysates.</p>

<p>2-Naphthyl-lpha-D-glucopyranoside is a substrate for α-glucosidase. 2-Naphthol is released upon hydrolyzation. By simultaneous coupling with a suitable staining reagent, such as hexazonium p-rosaniline, the corresponding reddish-brown azo-dye is formed. Naphthols can also be detected by fluorescence analysis.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-xylopyranoside is an enzyme substrate. This chromogenic substrate is used for beta-D-xylosidase enzyme. In culture media, 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl b-D-xylopyranoside is utilised for identification of bacteria such as Klebsiella and Enterobacter.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for fucosyltransferases</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl a-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate commonly used to assay the activity of glucosidases. Upon cleavage of the glycosidic bond by glucosidases, the released 2-nitrophenyl group yields a yellow color detectable by spectrophotometry. This substrate has high sensitivity and is widely used in a variety of applications, including drug discovery and enzyme kinetics studies.</p>

<p>Modified naphtol AS substrate used in histochemical and cytochemical staining</p>

<p>Aldol® 470 butyrate, a chromogenic substrate manufactured by Cymit Quimica and used for enzymatic assays that produces a yellow-orange color upon enzymatic cleavage.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl oleate is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of lipase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl oleate is used in lipid metabolism disorder screening.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indoxyl-N-Acetyl-Beta-D-Galactosaminide is a chromogenic substrate for detecting beta-galactosidase and GalNAc-transferase enzymes. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a blue-green colored compound that can be detected visually or measured spectrophotometrically. This substrate is useful in characterizing the activity of Beta-Galactosidase and GalNAc-transferase enzymes involved in glycobiology research and diagnostic applications.</p>