Oligosaccaridi

<p>Cellotriose is a bifunctional sugar that can be chemically converted to cellobiose and D-cellopentaose. Cellotriose is a component of cellulose, which is the most abundant biopolymer on Earth. Cellotriose is a source of chitin, which is a major component of the exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans. The molecule has been observed using atomic force microscopy to have an amphiphilic nature, in that it has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Cellotriose has been synthesized in the laboratory for use as an artificial sweetener, but it does not taste as good as sucrose because it lacks the sweetness profile. When heated, cellotriose undergoes a color change from yellow to blue-green due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with oxygen molecules. This property can be used as a colorimetric test for cellulase activity in solutions.</p>

<p>Derived from pullulan using pullulanase</p>

<p>This is a custom synthesis of a complex carbohydrate. The CAS number is not available and the polysaccharide has been modified. It has been glycosylated, methylated, and fluorinated. It is high purity and the sugar sequence is a custom synthesis.</p>

Tetra-O-benzyl-2-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a polysaccharide that is synthesized by the methylation of 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl -2,3,4,6 tetra - O - benzyl - a - D - glucopyranoside. It can be used to modify proteins and oligosaccharides. This product is custom synthesized and has high purity.

<p>Substrate for glucoamylases; derived from pullulan using pullulanase</p>

<p>Carbohydrate moiety of globopentaosylceramide</p>

The H type I tetrasaccharide is a glycosylated molecule that belongs to the class of complex carbohydrates. It is an oligosaccharide with a high purity and high degree of methylation. The H Type I Tetrasaccharide is an important component in immunoglobulin G and can be used in the modification of proteins and other compounds, such as oligosaccharides. The H Type I Tetrasaccharide has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties due to its ability to inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from mast cells.

<p>Alpha-1,4-glucopentasaccharide derived from starch by hydrolysis and chromatography</p>

Sialylated trisaccharide found in human urine

Man-9 N-glycan is a glycoprotein that is found on the surface of many viruses. It has an oligosaccharide structure, which consists of a mannose and a glucose molecule linked by an alpha-1,3-glycosidic bond. The Man-9 N-glycan can be found in human serum and is involved in lectin binding to cells. It also has antiviral activity and may be used as a model system for studying glycosidic bonds. This glycan can be broken down into smaller components by methyl glycosides or titration calorimetry, which is a technique for determining the molecular weight of substances. The Man-9 N-Glycan binds to toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on the surface of human cells, which activates an antibody response.

<p>Tri-mannuronic acid sodium salt (b-1,4-linked sodium mannuronotriose) is one of a number of oligosaccharides obtained from alginate which is a polysaccharide in brown seaweeds containing: blocks of repeating mannuronic acid sequences (M-M-M-M etc), repeating guluronic acid sequences (G-G-G-G etc), and alternating M-G-M-G sequences.Oligosaccharides can be released using several methods (Lua, 2015; Yanga, 2004) and claims have been published that mannuronic acid oligosaccharides for example, can be effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, or for the prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes (USP 8835403B2, 2014).</p>

Human milk oligosaccharide; attenuates inflammatory cytokine release

Benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized from D-(+)-galactose, D-(+)-glucose and benzyl alcohol. This product can be used for the modification of saccharides and has been shown to have a high purity. It has been fluorinated at the alpha position and glycosylated with acetamidobenzoyl group. The molecular weight of this product is 378.12 g/mol. CAS No.: 53167-38-7

A antigen pentasaccharide Type I I, possible use in antiviral development

Key synthetic precursor for the synthesis of lacto-oligosaccharides

6'-a-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine-sp-biotin is a recombinant modified oligosaccharide. It is an Oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the methylation of 6'-sialyllactose with acetic anhydride and triethylamine in DMF. It has a molecular weight of 805.00 Da and a CAS number of 1038746-08-5. 6'-a-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine-sp-biotin may be used as a monomer for click chemistry, as well as for other applications in carbohydrate chemistry, such as the synthesis of polysaccharides and complex carbohydrates. This product has high purity and can be custom synthesized to order.

Agarose is a polysaccharide found in red algae, typically Gelidium and Gracilaria. It is a strictly alternating polysaccharide of α-1,3 linked D-galactose and β-1,4 linked L-3,6 anhydrogalactose with occasional sulfation at position 6 of the anhydrogalactose residue. Agaro-oligosaccharides result from cleavage at galactose residues and neoagaro-oligosaccharides from cleavage at 3,6-anhydro residues. Neoagarodecaose is reported to have potential for novel cosmeceuticals.

<p>Core antigen fragment in ABO blood group system</p>

Unusual lactose sulphate isolated from canine milk (beagle-Canis familiaris), which does not appear to have previously been isolated from milk or other natural sources. The structure was established by 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

Agarose is a polysaccharide found in red algae, typically Gelidium and Gracilaria. It is a strictly alternating polysaccharide of α-1,3 linked D-galactose and β-1,4 linked L-3,6 anhydrogalactose with occasional sulfation at position 6 of the anhydrogalactose residue. Agaro-oligosaccharides result from cleavage at galactose residues and neoagaro-oligosaccharides from cleavage at 3,6-anhydro residues. Neoagarotetraose is reported to have potential for novel cosmeceuticals.

Allyl 2,4,6-tri-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-benzyl a -D -mannopyranoside is a glycosylated oligosaccharide. It is synthesized from 3,4,6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranosyl chloride and allyl alcohol by the click reaction with sodium azide in the presence of palladium catalysis. This product has been fluorinated at the 6 position of allose. The purity of this product is high and it has been modified on the saccharide chain with methyl groups at the C1 and C2 positions of glucose. Allyl 2,4,6 tri O (3 4 6 tri O acetyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D gluc

D-Cellopentose heptadecaacetate is a fluorinated, monosaccharide that is synthesized from the sugar cellobiose. It is an oligosaccharide and a complex carbohydrate with one of its glycosidic bonds modified by methylation. D-Cellopentose heptadecaacetate has been shown to be effective in inhibiting glycosylation reactions and can be used as a sugar substitute or for custom synthesis. This product has been shown to have high purity and is available at CAS No. 83058-38-2.

<p>Milk oligosaccharide; antigen; expressed on gastric mucosa and cancer cells</p>

(D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a synthetic disaccharide, specifically used in biochemical and molecular biology research. It is often derived through chemical synthesis using various monosaccharide precursors, designed to mimic natural disaccharides with a modified linkage. This compound acts as a non-metabolizable analog of lactose and can inhibit enzymes like β-galactosidase due to its structural similarity. Importantly, its sulfur-containing thiol linkage imparts unique stability and reactivity characteristics distinct from natural glycosidic bonds.The primary application of (D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is in research studies exploring carbohydrate-protein interactions, enzyme inhibition assays, and the specificity of galactoside-binding proteins. It serves as a tool to elucidate the mechanics of glycosidases and to develop enzyme assays critical for the study of metabolic pathways involving galactosides. Further, it finds use in diagnostics as a reporter substrate in assays where differentiation from native substrates is necessary. Its role in these applications highlights the compound's utility in advancing scientific knowledge of carbohydrate biochemistry.

4-O-Methyl-alpha-D-glucurono-beta-D-xylan is produced by the hydrolysis of xylan.  It can be used in studies to find new soluble chromogenic substrates for the assay of xylanases and glucanases.

4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(4,6-O-benzylidene-3-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2-O-levulinoyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6-di-O-benzyl -2,6'-dideoxygalactopyranoside is a modification of the natural carbohydrate galactose. The sugar moiety has been methylated and glycosylated with a levulinate ester and then fluorinated. This compound is highly pure and can be synthesized on custom order.

GT1b (sodium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, sialic acid (NeuAc) linked α2,3 to the terminal galactose residue and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GT1b is one of the major gangliosides in neuronal and glial membranes, it interacts with the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and is essential for long-term axon-myelin stability. GT1b ganglioside also acts as a receptor for bacterial toxins, such as, tetanus and botulinum toxins (Nishik,i 1996), as well as for viruses, a few examples include: Merkel cell polyomavirus, JC virus, BK virus, norovirus, and others (Low, 2006).

Lewis A trisaccharide methyl glycoside is a sugar that is synthesized by the chemical modification of an oligosaccharide. The methyl glycoside is then fluorinated and reacted with a complex carbohydrate to produce Lewis A trisaccharide methyl glycoside. It has CAS No. 186315-40-2, which identifies it as a synthetic compound. This product has high purity, and can be custom synthesized to meet your needs. It is also available in both a glycosylated and non-glycosylated form.

Shortest chain oligosaccharide that can be classified as a maltodextrin. A component of liquid glucose (a commercial sweetener composed of glucose, maltose, maltotriose and maltotetrose).

Isolated from the products of the acid reversion of D-mannose

The modification of this product has been completed with a high level of purity and the CAS number is 57-49-6. It is an oligosaccharide that is a complex carbohydrate. This product can be synthesized through custom synthesis and it is a synthetic product. It is classified as a monosaccharide, methylation, glycosylation, and polysaccharide. The chemical formula for this compound is C12H14O11. This compound has been fluorinated to increase its solubility in water.

A rare sugar, prebiotic fibre and inhibitor of α-glucosidases. It inhibits animal-, plant- and microorganism-derived α-glucosidases I. In rodent models for diabetes, it ameliorates arachidic acid-induced liver injury and reduces hepatic inflammatory markers.

Substrate for fucosidase; used in infant formula; improves health in infants

<p>Sialyl Lewis X (SLeX) is a carbohydrate antigen, related to cell adhesion and it has been shown that inhibition of SLeX synthesis leads to decreased adhesion of trophoblast cells to endometrial epithelial cells (Collins, 2006). Sialyl Lewis X is displayed on the terminus of glycolipids that are present on the surface of white blood cells and it has been shown that SLeX has an important role in inflamation processes. The inital adhesion of white blood cells to a site of injury is mediated by E-selectins which are specific for SLeX. Cell-cell recognition between leukocytes and endothelial cells in blood is believed to occur in part through interactions between lectins and oligosaccharide ligands. SLeX is frequently expressed in human cancer cells and primary tumors. It has been demonstrated that SLeX was involved in the adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelium. The potential role of SLeX in the tumor metastatic process has been supported by several clinical studies (Liang, 2016).</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 3,4-di-O-benzyl-2,6-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D -mannopyranoside is a synthetic glycoside that can be custom synthesized to order. It is considered to be of high purity with a CAS number 58314−10−1. This product has been fluorinated and glycosylated and is synthetically produced. 4MPBP has the following modifications: methylation, modification, and glycosylation. 4MPBP is an oligosaccharide that is composed of saccharides and a complex carbohydrate.</p>

<p>Lewis X tetrasaccharide (LX4) is a glycan that is found on the surface of human cells. It is an important diagnostic marker for microbial infections and has been shown to be present on the surfaces of both normal skin cells and malignant cells. The presence of LX4 can be detected using a monoclonal antibody in vitro. This glycan can also be used as a model system to study ischemia–reperfusion injury, since it has been shown to be sensitive to oxidative changes caused by reactive oxygen species generated during reperfusion. Studies have also shown that LX4 binds to enzymes such as malonic acid oxydoreductase, which are involved in the metabolism of lysine, arginine, and proline.</p>

<p>This compound is a synthetic glycosylation reagent that is used for the modification of proteins and polysaccharides. It can be used to introduce various sugars and oligosaccharides to proteins, such as Methylation, Click modification, Polysaccharide, Fluorination, saccharide, Modification, sugar, Oligosaccharide. The compound has a CAS No. 946164-26-7 and is available for custom synthesis with high purity.</p>

β-(1→2)-Oligomannoside constituents of the Candida albicans cell wall have been shown to possess immunostimulatory properties, as evidenced by induction of cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production, in humans and mice. In particular, oligosaccharide fractions, isolated and fractionated from the C. albicans cell wall, have been shown to induce TNF production in mouse macrophages. Therefore, biological studies employing well-defined synthetic β-(1→2)-linked oligomannoside compounds are of interest for verifying and studying in detail the proposed immunostimulatory properties of such constructs.

<p>Consumed in large amounts around the world as a food ingredient. Other applications of sucrose include its use in surfactants (esters), polyurethanes (polyols), plastics (alkyds) to produce dextrans (Leuconostoc mesenteroides fermentation) and ethanol (Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation).</p>

<p>Inhibitor that targets cellulase enzymes engaged in the degradation of cellulose.</p>

4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-4-O-levulinoyl-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-tert butyldimethylsilyl 3,O benzyl 2 deoxy 2 phthalimido b D glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of a synthetic oligosaccharide. This glycosylation product is soluble in water and has CAS No. of 81238.

<p>2,3,6-Tri-O-acetyl-gamma-cyclodextrin is a custom synthesis of a cyclodextrin. This compound is fluorinated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to give the desired product. The methylation of the saccharide is accomplished by reacting it with methyl iodide and sodium hydroxide in an alcoholic solution. The sugar molecule is then glycosylated by reacting it with glycosylation reagent, such as cyanuric chloride or thionyl chloride. Click modification is achieved through the reaction of a glycosylated sugar molecule with azides. Polysaccharides are synthesized by combining glycosylated sugars and polymers into one molecule.BR&gt; CAS No: 30786-38-0BR&gt; Modification: Fluorination, Methylation, Monosaccharide, Synthetic, Click modificationBR&gt; Oligosacchar</p>

<p>N-Glycolylneuraminic acid-OVA is a custom synthesis that is an Oligosaccharide. It is Polysaccharide and Modification, saccharide, Methylation, Glycosylation, Click modification, Carbohydrate, sugar. The product has a CAS No., has a purity of ≥ 95%, and is Fluorination, Synthetic.</p>

<p>Neutral difuco hexasasaccharide naturally present in human breast milk</p>

<p>Used as a sugar replacer in sugar-free confectionery and beverages</p>

<p>Intermediate for synthesis of N-acetyllactosaminic glycans</p>

<p>Hexaacetylchitohexaose is a hexamer of N-acetylgucosamine subunits which are linked by β-(1,4)-glucosidic bonds. N-acetylgucosamine is the monomeric unit of the natural polymer chitin which is degraded by chitinases, in mammals, to form smaller fragments that can induce an immune response. Like chitin and some of its derivatives, hexaacetylchitohexaose is a substrate of lysozymes. Hexaacetylchitohexaose has been shown to significantly inhibit tumour growth in mice by the activation of innate and adaptive immune cells.</p>

4-Methoxyphenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-(benzyl)aDmannopyranoside is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is an acetal derivative of 4methoxyphenyl 2,4,6tri O-(3,4,6tri Obenzyl 2deoxy2 phthalimido b D glucopyranosyl) 3 O (benzyl) ad mannopyranoside with a methoxymethyl group at the C5 position and a benzyl ether moiety at the C6 position. The molecule contains a methylated sugar as well as fluorine modification on the ring oxygen atom. This molecule has a high purity and is offered in both monos

<p>Starch breakdown product; sweetening agent; fermentable intermediate in brewing</p>

Mixed DP 25-50 Na galacturonans, (α-1,4 25-50 Na galacturonans) are derived from pectin or pectic acid, by enzymatic or partial acid hydrolysis. They are used in galacturonic acid metabolism research as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize endo- and exopolygalacturonase(s) and gluconase(s). In recent studies, it has been shown that long oligogalacturonides (degree of polymerization (DP) from 25–50), help to induce plant defense signaling resulting in enhanced defenses to necrotrophic pathogens.