Enzyme

Aminopeptidase I is a specialized proteolytic enzyme derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. This enzyme functions by catalyzing the cleavage of amino acids from the N-terminus of peptides, which plays a pivotal role in protein metabolism and regulation. The source of this enzyme, Streptomyces griseus, is well-regarded for producing a variety of bioactive compounds owing to its rich genetic and biochemical repertoire.

Enzyme involved in protein translation and catalyzes the aminoacylation reaction

Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE, BuChE, PCHE, pseudocholinesterase, plasma cholinesterase, Acylcholine acyl-hydrolase, Choline esterase; EC 3.1.1.8, CAS No [9001-08-5]) is an enzyme that made in the liver and found mainly in blood plasma. It catalyzes the following reaction: Acylcholine + H2O → choline + carboxylic acidOne unit of Butyrylcholinesterase will change absorbance by 0.2 milliunits (mA) per minute at optimal buffer conditions and 37 ̊C. Equine serum butyrylcholinesterase is supplied as white to pale grey-green powder with activity of ≥50U/mg and specific activity of ≥300U/mg protein. It can be dissolved at 5 mg/mL concentration in 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.3 - 7.5, giving colorless to slightly green solution. Equine serum butyrylcholinesterase is activated by Ca2+, optimum pH 7-8, KM=18 µM (butyrylthiocholine at 25°C). Store at -20°C on arrival.

One unit will hydrolyse 1.0μmol of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate per minute at 37°C and pH 4.8.  Substrate for enzyme analysis is the 4-nitrophenyl phosphate disodium hexahydrate (EN08508).

beta-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23, shortly beta-Gal, also know as lactase) catalyses the hydrolysis of beta-d-galactoside in the presence of water to galactose and alcohol, or lactose into glucose and galactose. beta-Gal has a molecular weight of 540,000 and is composed of four identical subunits of MW 135,000, each with an independent active site. The enzyme has divalent metals as cofactors, with chelated Mg2+ ions required to maintain active site conformation. The molecule contains numerous sulfhydryl groups and is glycosylated.

Amidase (EC 3.5.1.4) is a hydrolase acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds in linear amides and can be used in the hydrolysis of amides to acids. Amidase 02 is of bacterial origin (R. erythropolis and has been produced in E.coli).

Plasmin, human is a serin protease which present in the blood and is involved in the cleavage of cross-linked fibrin, a process known as fibrinolysis.One unit will produce one micromole of P-Nitroanilide from D-Val-Leu-Lys-P-Nitroanilide per minute at pH 7.5 at 37°C

Sphingomyelinase (SMase, Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, systematic name sphingomyelin cholinephosphohydrolase; EC 3.1.4.12) is an enzyme that hydrolyses sphingomyelin into phosphocholine and ceramide. One unit of sphingomyelinase will hydrolyze 1.0 µmole of chromogenic substrate analogue per minute at pH 7.4 and 37 °C.

Citrate lyase (also known as ATP citrate synthase, EC 2.3.3.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the following reaction:citrate + ATP + CoA → oxaloacetate + Acetyl-CoA + ADP + PiEnzymatic activity: One unit will convert 1.0 micromole of citrate to oxalacetate per minute at pH 7.6 and 25 °C in the presence of required cofactors. Citrate lyase is supplied lyophylized, with activity ≥0.20 unit/mg solid.

β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of the glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage in proteoglycans.

Asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the following reaction: Asparagine + H2O → Aspartate + NH4+   Industrially, asparaginase is used to reduce the formation of acrylamide in starch-containing food ingredients and products during production processes. Asparaginase has a temperature optimum in the 30 – 50 °C range and pH optimum between pH 8 and 9. One unit will yield 1.0 μmole of ammonia from asparagine per min.

Urate Oxidase, also known as uricase, catalizes the following reaction: Uric acid + O2 + H2O → 5-hydroxyisourate + H2O2.

Chitinase (systematic name (1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucan glycanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.14) is a hydrolase that breaks down glycosidic bonds in chitin. One unit of chitinase will yield 1.0 mg of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine from chitin per hour at pH 6.0 and 25 °C.

Diaphorase (lipoyl dehydrogenase, EC 1.8.1.4) is an NAD+/NADH-dependent oxidoreductase. One unit of diaphorase will convert 1.0 μmole NADH into NAD+ the presence of substrate at pH 7.5 and 25 °C.

Lipoxidase, from glycine max (soybean)

Malic dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial isozyme and an important catalyst in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The enzyme catalyzes the following reaction: Oxaloacetate + β-NADH → L-Malate + β-NADOne unit will convert 1.0 μmole of oxalacetate and β-NADH to L-malate and β-NAD per min at pH 7.5 at 25 °C.

Quinethazone is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension. Common side effects include dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, and low potassium levels.

Methazolamide-d6 is a GC/LC-MS standard for measuring methazolamide, a glaucoma drug that lowers eye pressure and fluid, reduces seizures, and combats ROS.

hCAI/II-IN-4 inhibits hCA I & II (Ki: 16.95 & 15.22 nM), hCA IX (Ki: 27.04 nM), has anti-hypoxia benefits and is low-toxic for AMS research.

FC11409B is a CAIX inhibitor, inhibiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

hCA I-IN-2 (6d) inhibits hCA I (Ki: 18.8 nM) more selectively over II, IX, XII (Ki: 375.1, 1721, 283.9 nM).

hCAXII-IN-1 selectively inhibits HCA IX/XII, promising for new cancer drug development.

Expression system: Baculovirus
Length: 1-415, Full Length
Activity: Not Tested

Potent hCA inhibitor; targets hCA IX, II, XII, I with Ki: 6.5, 7.1, 72.1, 255.8 nM respectively.

hCAIX-IN-14 is a potent inhibitor of human CA IX with a K i value of 134.8 nM .

hCAII-IN-3 (7e) selectively inhibits CA II/IX with Kis of 124.2/30.5 nM, showing promise for cancer treatment.

hCAIX/XII-IN-4 inhibits CAIX/XII with Ki: 4.5 nM (CAXII), 23.6 nM (CAIX), and >10000 nM (CAI/CAII).

Potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor VI targets CA II, IX, XII with Ki: 40, 39, 900 nM respectively.

Disulfamide: Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, IC50 0.07 μM, diuretic by blocking Na+/HCO3- reabsorption.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 13 (compound 7) is a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA).

hCAIX-IN-7 (6c) selectively inhibits tumor-related isoform hCAIX (KI: 410.6 nM) and weakly affects hCAI/II (KI: >10000 nM).

hCAIX-IN-8, a selective hCAIX inhibitor, IC50: 0.024 μM. Also affects CAII, CAVA (IC50s: 1.99, 1.10 μM), limits cell migration, and induces apoptosis.

hCAIX/XII-IN-6: Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, targets hCA I/II/IV/IX/XII, aids rheumatoid arthritis research. Ki: 6697/2950/4093/4.1/7.7 nM.

hCA IX-IN-2 is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of hCA IX, exhibiting an inhibition constant (K I) value of 32.1 nM and demonstrating anti-proliferative

Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase E, also known as Cyclophilin E, Cyclophilin-33, Rotamase E, CYP33, PPIE, is an enzyme which belongs to the cyclophilin-type

(R)-Nepicastat HCl (RS-25560-198 HCl), R-enantiomer, inhibits bovine/human dopamine-β-hydroxylase (IC50: 25.1/18.3 nM); not affecting other enzymes/receptors.

Tyrosinase-IN-7 is a small-molecule tyrosinase inhibitor (IC50 1.57 μM) that suppresses melanin activity and cell growth with low cytotoxicity.

hCAI/II-IN-2 (2b) inhibits hCA I/II (Ki: 40.97 nM, 15.15 nM) and IX (61.88 nM), fights AMS with anti-hypoxic effects, but has low cellular activity.

hCAXII-IN-4 is a selective and potent CA XII inhibitor with a Ki value of 6.4 nM for human CA XII.

DTP348: Oral carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor & hypoxic cell radiosensitizer with sulfamide & 5-nitroimidazole components.

WES-1 (Compound 8g), a carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor (Ki: 55.9 μM), exhibits broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell lines,

hCAXII-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of hCA XII (Ki: 84.2 nM) and hCA IX (Ki: 268.5 nM), with low activity on hCA I/II.

hCAII-IN-1 (7f) inhibits CA II/IX with Kis 1.2 nM/113.6 nM, potential for cancer treatment.

6B and 14g inhibit tumor-associated HCA IX with low nanomolar potency; 6K targets HCA XII. All are potential cancer drug leads.

"hCAI/II-IN-3 (compound 5b) is a potent dual hCA I/II inhibitor with Ki: 51.25nM (I), 13.15nM (II), helps treat AMS."

"hCAIX-IN-10 (6i) selectively inhibits carbonic anhydrase IX/XII (Ki: 61.5/586.8 nM), markers in tumor cells, affecting acid-base balance."

Nicotinate-Nucleotide Pyrophosphorylase (QPRT) belongs to the nadC/modD family.

Telotristat besilate is an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase.

L 662583 is a topical inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase.