
Organic Halides
Subcategories of "Organic Halides"
Found 20442 products of "Organic Halides"
Chlorotoxin trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Chlorotoxin trifluoroacetate salt is a chlorotoxin derivative that has been modified to be more soluble in aqueous solutions. It is used to identify skin cancer and other forms of cancer, as well as for the study of cellular function and structure. The molecule can be injected into tissue or cells, where it binds to nuclei and causes cell death. Chlorotoxin trifluoroacetate salt has minimal toxicity in humans and can be used on histological specimens with little disruption to the tissue. This reagent may also be used to target intracellular targets such as glioma cells.
Formula:C158H249N53O47S11Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:3,995.72 g/molRef: 3D-FC109715
Discontinued product5-(Difluoromethoxy)-2-mercaptobenzimidazole
CAS:5-(Difluoromethoxy)-2-mercaptobenzimidazole is an organic solvent that is used in the crystallization process of pantoprazole, a benzimidazole derivative. It is also used as a corrosion inhibitor and pump inhibitor in analytical chemistry. The purity of 5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-mercaptobenzimidazole can be determined by chromatographic methods or by the use of analytical chemistry. Impurities may be genotoxic and include reactive impurities such as thiourea and 2-thiouracil. These impurities are removed during the synthetic process to produce 5-(difluoromethoxy)-2-mercaptobenzimidazole. This drug substance has been found to inhibit DNA polymerase activity in vitro, but its effects on human cells have not been studied.
Formula:C8H6F2N2OSPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Off-White PowderMolecular weight:216.21 g/molTrimethylsulfoxonium bromide
CAS:Trimethylsulfoxonium Bromide is a fungicide that inhibits the growth of fungal cells. It binds to the sterol biosynthesis pathway and disrupts the production of ergosterol, which is an essential component for fungal cell membranes. Trimethylsulfoxonium Bromide has been shown to be effective against chronic bronchitis and other pulmonary diseases. This drug also has a horticultural use as a plant growth regulator. The chemical formula for Trimethylsulfoxonium Bromide is C1-C4-haloalkyl, profile, tebuconazole, fluconazole, triethyl orthoformate, chronic bronchitis, carbonyl group, hydroxyl group, anti-fungal.
Formula:C3H9BrOSPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:173.07 g/mol(Des-Gly10,Ser(Ac)4,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt 9)-LHRH trifluoroacetate salt
Please enquire for more information about (Des-Gly10,Ser(Ac)4,D-Leu6,Pro-NHEt 9)-LHRH trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C61H86N16O13Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,251.44 g/molRef: 3D-FD109745
Discontinued productAmyloid beta-Protein (1-11) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Amyloid beta-Protein (1-11) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C56H76N16O22Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,325.3 g/molRef: 3D-FA108822
Discontinued product1,3,6,8-Tetrabromopyrene
CAS:1,3,6,8-Tetrabromopyrene is a brominated derivative of pyrene. It has been shown to be chemically stable and does not react with fatty acids in the same way as other chemicals. 1,3,6,8-Tetrabromopyrene has been used in a study on luminescent probes for electrochemical studies. The probes were synthesized by coupling 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene with an electron donor (e.g., 8-hydroxyquinoline) or acceptor (e.g., triethanolamine). The probe was then applied to a metal surface where it could be observed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This chemical is also used as a functional theory to study the uptake of heavy metals onto polymer matrices. One example of this is when 1,3,6,8-tetrabromopyrene is doped into poly(vinylidene
Formula:C16H6Br4Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Off-White PowderMolecular weight:517.83 g/molRef: 3D-FT62349
Discontinued productAmyloid beta-Protein (40-1) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Trifluoroacetate salt
Formula:C194H295N53O58SPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:4,329.81 g/molRef: 3D-FA108830
Discontinued productAbz-Ala-Phe-Arg-Phe-Ser-Gln-EDDnp trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Abz-Ala-Phe-Arg-Phe-Ser-Gln-EDDnp trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C50H63N15O13Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,082.13 g/molRef: 3D-FA110993
Discontinued productNFAT Inhibitor trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:NFAT Inhibitor trifluoroacetate salt H-Met-Ala-Gly-Pro-His-Pro-Val-Ile-Val-Ile-Thr-Gly-Pro-His-Glu-Glu (NFAT) is an inhibitor drug that has been shown to inhibit the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). NFAT is a transcriptional regulator that controls the expression of inflammatory genes in macrophages and other cell types. NFAT inhibitors have been shown to be effective for treating bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, by inhibiting the activation of macrophages. NFAT inhibitors are also used in vitro as a tool for studying cellular signaling pathways. The most common type of NFAT inhibitor is fluconazole, which blocks calcineurin activity and prevents the activation of NFAT. However, other types of inhibitors are being developed, including mmp9 activity or
Formula:C75H118N20O22SPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,683.93 g/molRef: 3D-FN109384
Discontinued productpTH (1-84) (rat) trifluoroacetate salt
Please enquire for more information about pTH (1-84) (rat) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C406H670N122O126S3Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:9,372.61 g/molRef: 3D-FP109826
Discontinued productTLQP-21 (human) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about TLQP-21 (human) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C110H176N40O27Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:2,490.83 g/molRef: 3D-FT110031
Discontinued product(2E)-1-[5,6-Dihydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-2-buten-1-one
CAS:Please enquire for more information about (2E)-1-[5,6-Dihydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-2-buten-1-one including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C16H12F6N4OPurity:95%NmrMolecular weight:390.28 g/molPeptide YY (3-36) (human) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Peptide YY (3-36) (human) trifluoroacetate salt H-Ile-Lys-Pro-Glu-Ala-Pro-Gly-Glu-Asp-Ala-Ser-Pro-Glu-Glu-Leu-Asn -Arg -Tyr -Tyr -Ala -Ser -Leu -Arg
Peptide YY (3.36) is a peptide hormone that is secreted by L cells in the small intestine and colon. It has been shown to be an effective treatment for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. Peptide YY (3.36) has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, reduce food intake and body weight, increase metabolic rate, and improve glucose homeostasis in animal studies. In humans, it has been found to have similar effects on postprandial plasma levels of peptide YY (3.Formula:C180H279N53O54Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:4,049.47 g/molRef: 3D-FP110326
Discontinued product(Pro34)-Neuropeptide Y (porcine) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about (Pro34)-Neuropeptide Y (porcine) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C190H286N54O56Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:4,222.63 g/molRef: 3D-FP110325
Discontinued productDesfluoromethyl fluticasone propionate disulfide
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Desfluoromethyl fluticasone propionate disulfide including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C48H58F4O10S2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:935.09 g/molRef: 3D-FD91086
Discontinued product3-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzoic acid
CAS:3-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzoic acid is a dipolar molecule with a fluorine atom. It has been synthesized experimentally and the yields are determined by the experimental conditions. 3-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzoic acid has two isomers, which can be differentiated by their resonances. The molecule also has an asymmetric C3(CF)2Cl group in the middle of its structure that can rotate freely.
Formula:C8H7FO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:170.14 g/molRef: 3D-FF55157
Discontinued product(Deamino-Cys3, Nle 4,Arg5,D-2-Nal 7,Cys11)-a-MSH (3-11) amide trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about (Deamino-Cys3, Nle 4,Arg5,D-2-Nal 7,Cys11)-a-MSH (3-11) amide trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C56H76N18O9S2Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,209.45 g/molRef: 3D-FD109415
Discontinued productOvalbumin (257-264) (chicken) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Ovalbumin (257-264) (chicken) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C45H74N10O13·C2HF3O2Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,077.15 g/molRef: 3D-FO109383
Discontinued productPentafluoropropionic acid
CAS:Pentafluoropropionic acid is a glycol ether that is used in the preparation of coumarin derivatives. It reacts with sodium carbonate and trifluoroacetic acid to form the corresponding acyl chloride, which then reacts with nitrogen atoms (e.g., ammonia) to form an amide or urea derivative. Pentafluoropropionic acid also reacts with hydrogen fluoride to form pentafluoropropane and hydrogen fluoride gas, which can be used as a propellant for aerosol sprays. Pentafluoropropionic acid binds to toll-like receptors on cancer cells and human serum, inhibiting their ability to synthesize DNA. The compound has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in mice by blocking the formation of cancer tissues.
Formula:C3HF5O2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Clear LiquidMolecular weight:164.03 g/molRef: 3D-FP32907
Discontinued productAcetyl-ACTH (4-24) (human, bovine, rat) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Acetyl-ACTH (4-24) (human, bovine, rat) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C123H193N37O26SPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:2,638.15 g/molRef: 3D-FA109962
Discontinued productAbz-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dap (Dnp)-Ala-Arg-NH2 trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Abz-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dap (Dnp)-Ala-Arg-NH2 trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C50H77N17O13Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,124.25 g/molRef: 3D-FA108727
Discontinued productH-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met-NH2 trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about H-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met-NH2 trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C41H61N9O7S2·C2HF3O2Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:970.13 g/molBNP-32 (porcine) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:BNP-32 is a porcine-specific antibody that is used to detect the presence of BNP in human serum. It is biotinylated and can be coated on a plate. The antibody binds to BNP, which has been labeled with peroxidase, and produces a colored reaction product. This product can be visualized by adding 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) as a substrate. The sealer then prevents the unbound antibody from binding to the plate and interfering with the assay.Formula:C149H250N52O44S3Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:3,570.1 g/molRef: 3D-FB108820
Discontinued product(±)-DOI Hydrochloride
CAS:Controlled Product(±)-DoiHydrochloride is a serotonergic drug that belongs to the group of serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It affects the serotonergic system by inhibiting serotonin reuptake, which leads to increased synaptic concentrations of serotonin. This in turn activates signal pathways and increases levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. (±)-DoiHydrochloride has antioxidative properties and can be used for the treatment of chronic schizophrenia. It was shown to be effective in patients with atrial fibrillation who were not responding well to other treatments.
Formula:C11H16INO2•HClPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:357.62 g/molBoc-Leu-Lys-Arg-AMC hydrochloride salt
CAS:Boc-Leu-Lys-Arg-AMC is a synthetic substrate that has been used in a number of clinical studies to identify the serine proteases that are involved in autoimmune diseases. It is a synthetic peptide composed of the amino acid sequence found in soybean trypsin. The peptide was shown to have high salt tolerance and was able to be hydrolyzed by polyclonal antibodies with specificity for amyloid protein, suggesting it may be useful as a biochemical marker for Alzheimer's disease. Boc-Leu-Lys-Arg-AMC has also been shown to be an efficient substrate for collagenase, which is an enzyme that breaks down collagen and causes tissue damage. This property makes this compound useful as a proteolytic agent for the removal of unwanted scar tissue or other lesions from diseased organs. Boc-Leu-Lys-Arg-AMC also has an optimum pH level of 7.5 and is active against influenzaFormula:C33H52N8O7Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:672.82 g/molRef: 3D-FB110554
Discontinued product2-Amino-6-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester
CAS:2-Amino-6-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester is a chemical that can be used as a building block in the synthesis of more complex compounds. It is a versatile intermediate and can be used to synthesize other important compounds, such as pharmaceuticals. This compound has been shown to be useful for the preparation of 2-amino-4,6-difluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester and many other derivatives. The colorless solid is soluble in ether and dichloromethane.
Formula:C9H10FNO2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:183.18 g/molRef: 3D-FA67884
Discontinued product(2-Chlorophenyl)diphenylmethanol
CAS:2-Chlorophenyl)diphenylmethanol is an antifungal drug that blocks the function of a calcium ionophore in fungal cells. It has been shown to be effective against a variety of filamentous fungi, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Trichosporon cutaneum. This drug is used as a topical antifungal agent for treatment of skin infections caused by these fungi. 2-Chlorophenyl)diphenylmethanol has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of kidney fibrosis and cell binding. Clinical data suggests that it can be used for the prevention or treatment of stem cell transplantation complications such as graft versus host disease and leukemia.
Formula:C19H15ClOPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:294.77 g/mol1-Acetyl-3-fluorobenzene
CAS:1-Acetyl-3-fluorobenzene is a fluorinated aldehyde that reacts with tetrazolium chloride to form a red, insoluble precipitate. This reaction can be used as an indicator of the presence of colon cancer. The optimal reaction conditions are at pH 7 and a temperature between 60 and 70 °C. 1-Acetyl-3-fluorobenzene has shown significant cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
Formula:C8H7FOPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Colorless Clear LiquidMolecular weight:138.14 g/molRef: 3D-FA54804
Discontinued product4-Bromoisoindoline hydrochloride
CAS:4-Bromoisoindoline hydrochloride (BII) is a chemical compound that can be used as a building block for making other chemicals. It can also be used to make research chemicals or as a reaction component in the synthesis of other compounds. It has been shown to be an effective reagent and is useful for the production of fine chemicals with high purity.
Formula:C8H9BrClNPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:234.52 g/mol2-Bromo-3',4'-(methylenedioxy)propiophenone
CAS:Controlled ProductPlease enquire for more information about 2-Bromo-3',4'-(methylenedioxy)propiophenone including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C10H9BrO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:257.08 g/molPotassium hexafluorophosphate
CAS:Potassium hexafluorophosphate is a chemical compound that is used as an antimicrobial agent in the laboratory. It reacts with hydroxyl groups on various surfaces to form potassium hexafluorophosphate and water. The reaction solution can be used to disinfect equipment and surfaces, and is stable at room temperature. Potassium hexafluorophosphate has been shown to have biological properties such as inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi, but not viruses. This chemical compound has been shown to be effective against E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, or Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Formula:KPF6Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:184.06 g/mol4-Bromo-2-nitro-1H-imidazole
CAS:4-Bromo-2-nitro-1H-imidazole (4BNI) is a synthetic drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. 4BNI inhibits the synthesis of DNA, which leads to cell death by preventing the production of proteins vital for cell division. When 4BNI is taken up by cells it becomes activated and binds to DNA, inhibiting the synthesis of RNA and protein. This process eventually leads to apoptosis (cell death). 4BNI has been shown to be effective against tumors in mice, but has not yet been tested on humans. The uptake of 4BNI in tumor tissue can be visualized using hypoxia imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.
Formula:C3H2BrN3O2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:191.97 g/molPACAP-38 (31-38) (human, chicken, mouse, ovine, porcine, rat) trifluoroacetate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about PACAP-38 (31-38) (human, chicken, mouse, ovine, porcine, rat) trifluoroacetate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C47H83N17O11Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:1,062.27 g/molRef: 3D-FP109526
Discontinued productS-(-)-Nicotine-delta1’-(5’)-iminium diperchlorate salt
CAS:Please enquire for more information about S-(-)-Nicotine-delta1’-(5’)-iminium diperchlorate salt including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page
Formula:C10H14Cl2N2O8Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:361.13 g/mol2,3,5-Trichlorobenzaldehyde
CAS:2,3,5-Trichlorobenzaldehyde is a chemical compound that has been shown to have anticancer and apoptotic effects. It inhibits the growth of bacteria by chelating iron ions and inhibiting bacterial dna synthesis. 2,3,5-Trichlorobenzaldehyde has also been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in culture in an experimental study. This chemical has been used as a substrate for nmr spectroscopy to study its functional groups and radical scavenging activities. 2,3,5-Trichlorobenzaldehyde can be synthesized from phenacyl chloride and benzaldehyde in the presence of hydrogen chloride gas. The carbonyl group in 2,3,5-trichlorobenzaldehyde may cause metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.
Formula:C7H3Cl3OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:209.46 g/molZinc 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23,24,25-hexadecafluoro-29H,31H-phthalocyanine
CAS:Please enquire for more information about Zinc 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23,24,25-hexadecafluoro-29H,31H-phthalocyanine including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this pageFormula:C32F16N8ZnPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:865.75 g/molAmmonium Undecafluorohexanoate
CAS:Undecafluorohexanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid that has been shown to disrupt steroidogenesis in vitro. It may be able to inhibit the transport of cholesterol, fats, and other lipids in cells, which causes disruption in steroidogenesis. This compound also has anti-cancer properties due to its ability to induce apoptosis and arrest cancer cell proliferation. Undecafluorohexanoic acid may also have developmental effects on animals because it can bind to estrogen receptors and disrupt the normal process of estrogen-mediated signaling pathways.
Formula:C6H4F11NO2Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:331.08 g/molRef: 3D-FA79593
Discontinued productTrityl chloride resin
CAS:Trityl chloride resin is a chemical compound that is used as a model system for the study of trifluoroacetic acid and its reactions. Trityl chloride resin is insoluble in water and has been used as a reaction solution for transfer reactions. It has been shown to be an effective ligand for many types of receptors, with binding constants ranging from 10 M-1 to 10 M-10. Trityl chloride resin can also be chiral, which means that it may exist in two forms that are mirror images of each other. The physiological effects of this compound are not well understood, but it has been shown to have an effect on coordination geometry.
Color and Shape:PowderRef: 3D-FT29918
Discontinued productAngiotensin A (1-7) trifluoroacetate
CAS:Endogenous heptapetide which causes vasodilation and has anti-hypertensive properties.
Formula:C40H62N12O9•(C2HF3O2)xPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:855 g/mol3-(2-Fluoroethoxy)Propanenitrile
CAS:3-(2-Fluoroethoxy)Propanenitrile is a chemical with toxic properties. It is classified as a fluoroacetic acid and has been used in the production of other chemicals. Fluoroacetic acid is toxic to humans, showing signs of skin irritation, respiratory tract irritation, and kidney damage. 3-(2-Fluoroethoxy)Propanenitrile is not found naturally and has been sponsored by many companies.
Formula:C5H8FNOPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:117.12 g/molRef: 3D-FF80270
Discontinued product2,3-Bis(bromomethyl)quinoxaline
CAS:2,3-Bis(bromomethyl)quinoxaline is a nitrogenous heterocyclic compound that has a coordination geometry of square planar. It has been used as an inhibitor for the protein p21 and the nucleophile in palladium complexes. 2,3-Bis(bromomethyl)quinoxaline is also a model system for studying reaction mechanisms and chemical structures. The electron density map of the compound was obtained by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The reaction mechanism of this molecule is proposed to be through a chelate ring cross-coupling process.
Formula:C10H8Br2N2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Brown PowderMolecular weight:315.99 g/molRef: 3D-FB04248
Discontinued productTriethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate
CAS:Triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate is an antimicrobial agent that inhibits the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another. It has been shown to be effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate binds to the bacterial enzyme, Jak1, which is involved in the formation of cytokines and interleukins. This binding inhibits the production of these molecules, leading to cell death by apoptosis. The use of triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate as a research tool has facilitated its discovery as a potential anti-inflammatory drug for autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis. Triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate can be used to inhibit amide synthesis, which may have applications in the study of carbohydrate chemistry and nitrogen atoms in biological systems. This compound has also been used
Formula:C6H15BF4OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:189.99 g/mol
