Toxicology

<p>Applications A reactive metabolite of Lapatinib (L175800) which is associated with various drug toxicities. Lapatinib is metabolized mainly by P450 3A4 to form O- and N-dealkylated metabolites.<br>References He, K., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 11, 252 (1998), Rusnuk, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 7196 (2001), Li, X., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 37, 1242 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sesamol-d2 is the isotope labelled analog of Sesamol (S280600), which is a natural component of sesame oil with antioxidant activity. Sesamol has potential protective effects against free radicals as well as some antifungal activity. Sesamol can also be used as an intermediate in the preparation of antidepressants such as Paroxetine (P205750).<br>References Kim, J.Y. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 3460 (2003); Toshiko, O.: New Food Indust., 33, 1 (1991); Wynn, J.P. et al.: Lipids, 32, 605 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Olsalazine (O586000). Dimer of Mesalazine (M258100), an anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis.<br>References Willoughby, C.P., Gut, 23. 1081 (1982), Scand, J., et al.: Gastroenterol, 20, 607 (1985), Wadworth, A.N., et al.: Drugs, 41, 647 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of (R)-Linezolid, an enatiomeric impurity of Linezolid (L466500).<br>References Bednarek, E. et al.: J. Chrom. A, 1193, 164 (2008); Nirogi, R. et al.: J. Chrom. Sci., 46, 764 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Stearoyl Ethanolamide-d4 is the labelled analogue of Stearoyl Ethanolamide (S686608), which is a prolific fatty acid ethanolamide produced by PLD hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids.<br>References Kasatkina, L. A., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 174, 113783 (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled analog of Ezetimibe (E975000). SCH 58053 is a potent, rapid, and selective inhibitor of lymphatic cholesterol transport in the intestine.<br>References Ly, H., et al.: Biochem. J., 286, 937 (1992), Dujovne, C., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 90, 1092 (2002), Repa, J., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 43, 1864 (2002), Knopp, R., et al.: Eur. Heart J., 24, 729 (2003), Altmann, S., et al.: Science, 303, 1201 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Vinclozolin is an agricultural fungicide which acts through an anti-androgenic mode of action, however is incapable of disrupting endocrine homeostasis (1). Affects male reproductive organs through increased gonad activity with spermatogenesis with deformities (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Flick, B. et al.: Arch. Toxicol. 2017 Apr;91(4):1941-1956.2. Watermann, B. et al.: J. Environ. Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2016 Nov 9;51(13):1111-20.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of Cyhexatin, a derivative of tricyclohexyltin and an effective acaricide used in the control of spider mites.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jeppson, L.R. et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 61, 1502 (1968); Rudd, J.A. et al.: Exp. Appl. Acarol., 21, 615 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Metabolite of the immunosuppressant macrolide SDZ RAD (also known as Everolimus E945400) which is an analog of the parent drug Rapamycin (R124000).<br>References Vidal, C. et al.: J. Am. Soc. Mass Spec., 9, 1267 (1998); Kovarik, J. M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 69, 48 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorpropham is particularly useful in agricultural settings. It is used in pesticide products for treatment of plants and soil.<br>References Wozniak, E., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020118278 A1<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzyl 2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside is a reactant used in the preparation of oligosaccharide and glucosamine containing peptides used as inhibitors of influenza virus neuraminidase.<br>References Zhang, J. et al.: Carbohyd. Res., 346, 1997 (2011); Liu, J. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 9789 (2002); Koto, S. et al.: Bull. Chem. Soc., 73, 173 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications A triazine herbicide.<br>References Schenck, F., et al.: Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 73, 24 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Bromo-2-(ethyl-d3)pyridine is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ethionamide-d3 (E890422), a labelled antibacterial (tuberculostatic) agent.<br>References Banerjee, A., et al.: Science, 263, 227 (1994), Newton, G., et al.: J. Bacteriol., 178, 1990 (1996), Baulard, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 28326 (2000), Koledin, T., et al.: Arch. Microbiol., 178, 331 (2002), Cardoso, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 3373 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Rapamycin (R124000(P)) derivative. Rapamycin a triene macrolide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Name derived from the native word for Easter Island, Rapa’Nui. Used as an immunosuppressant; antirestenotic. Sirolimus (INN/USAN), also known as rapamycin, is an immunosuppressant drug used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation; it is especially useful in kidney transplants. It has shown its efficacy against neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.<br>References Martel, P.R., et al.: Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 55, 48 (1977), Carlson, R.P., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 266, 1125 (1993), Kahan, B.D., et al.: Lancet, 356, 194 (2000), Holmes, D.R., et al.: Circulation, 109, 634 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Mycophenolic Acid Carboxybutoxy Ether Dimethyl Ester is a metabolite of Mycophenolic Acid (M831500).<br>References Wieland, E., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 33, 107 (2000), Shipkova, M., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 25, 1 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Asomate is an organoarsenic fungicide used for various agricultural goods. Research has shown that arsenic pollution manifested permanently and extensively when asomate was used continuously in apple orchard.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhao, Z.Y., et al.: Xuanyi. Xueboa., 34, 117 (2007); Kim, N., et al.: Food. Sci. Biotechnol., 14, 554 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fenarimol is a pyrimidine based fungicide which acts against rusts, blackspot and mildew fungi and it works by inhibiting the fungus’s biosynthesis of important steroid molecules.<br>References Zeiman, E., et al.: J. Parasitol., 94, 280 (2008); Lozano, A., et al.: J. Chromatograph. A., 1268, 109 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Adefovir Dipivoxil Dimer is a formed from the dimerization of Adefovir Dipivoxil (A280465) which is used as an oral reverse transcriptase inhibitor in the treatment of hepatitis B. Adefovir Dipivoxil Dimer’s presence indicates the degradation of Adefovir Dipivoxil under specific conditions suggesting the stability of Adefovir Dipivoxil is compromised under such conditions.<br>References Yuan, L., et al.: Pharm. Res., 17, 1098 (2000); Fliri, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 8038 (2009), Fourches, D., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 171 (2010), Ming, X., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 79, 455 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner. A nucleoside analog structurally related to Lamivudine (L172500).<br>References Mellors, J., et al.: Science, 72, 1167 (1996), Reimann, K., et al.: J. Virol., 79, 8878 (2005), Rose, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 280, 7413 (2005), Acierno, P., et al.: J. Immunol., 176, 5338 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxybutynin-d10 Hydrochloride is a labeled analogue of Oxybutynin Chloride (O868525), an inhibitor of proliferation and supresses gene expression in bladder smooth muscle cells.<br>References Park, J.M., et al.: J. Urol., 162, 1110 (1999); Watson, M., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 127, 590 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Stereoisomer to Darunavir (D193500), a second generation HIV-1-protease inhibitor; structurally similar to amprenavir. Antiviral. This is a labeled analog. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Koh, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 47, 3123 (2003), Arasteh, K., et al.: AIDS, 19, 943 (2005), Surleraux, D.L.N.G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 1813 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Sodium salt of Fenoprofen (F248825), acts as an anti-inflammatory; analgesic.<br>References Rubin, et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., et al.: 60, 1797 (1971), Ward, C.K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 6, 161 (1977); Hirsch, C. et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 231 (1978);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chloro-thiamethoxam is an over chlorinated impurity of thiamethoxam (T344180), which is a neonicotinoid insecticide. Reports show that when exposed to neonicotinid pesticides honeybees have problems returning home after foraging and bumblebee colonies grow poorly and produce fewer queens.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Oliver, J., et al.: J. Environ. Horticult., 28, 135 (2010), Ghosh, A., et al.: J. Entomol. Res., 34, 35 (2010), Chem. and Eng. News 90: 10 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone (T155000) derivative. Inhibits estrogen biosynthesis. A steroid ligand for the cytosol androgen receptor (AR) of rat prostate.<br>References Ojasoo, T. et al.; J. Steroid Biochem. 27, 255 (1987); Schwarzel, W. et al.; Endrocrinology 92, 866 (1973);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(4-(4-(4-(((2R,4S)-2-((1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)methyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)hydrazinecarboxamide is an intermediate in the synthesis of derivatives of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic and antifungal compound.<br>References Heeres, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 27. 894 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Raloxifene 6-Glucuronide Lithium Salt is A metabolite of Raloxifene (R100000), a nonsteroidal estrogen receptor mixed agonist/antagonist.<br>References Dodge, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 993 (1997); Jeong, E., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 785 (2005); Trontelj, J., et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 52, 334 (2005); Oswald, S., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 79 206 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications A Nicotine metabolite. Carcinogen.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1h-pyrazole-4-carboxylic Acid (cas# 176969-34-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluoxetine (F597100) derivative. A stereoselective inhibitor of serotonin re-uptake and phosphodiesterase. Potential antidepressants<br>References Cashman, J. et al.: Bioorgan Med. Chem. 17, 337 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methyl-nitrobenzoic acid acts as herbicide due to the anthranilic acid moiety within the substructure.<br>References Thomas, G.J. et al.: 32, 747 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy-d3)acetic Acid (CAS# 202480-67-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxymorphone-13Cd3 is the labelled analogue of Oxymorphone (Cat. O876800). This opiate can be used as a analgesic.<br>References Gimbel, J., et al.: Anesth. Analg., 99, 1472 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenol is used as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen by Cupriavidus strain a3.<br>References Tiwari, J., et al.: Bioresour. Technol., 223, 184-191 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,3,4-Tri-O-benzoyl Propofol-β-D-glucuronide Methyl Ester is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled cis-5-Dodecenoyl Carnitine Inner Salt is an L-carnitine metobolite which are often used to diagnose specific inherited metabolic diseases especially glucose related ones.<br>References Yang, S. et l.: J. Chrom. B., Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 857, 251 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Rotigotine β-D-Glucuronide is a metabolite of Rotigotine (R700700).<br>References Braun, M., et al.: Eur. J. Neurol., 12, 96 (2005), Cawello, W., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 46, 851 (2007), Poewe, W., et al.: Lancet Neurol., 6, 513 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Karetazan is used in the preparation of Pyrazole derivatives as pesticides as well as as a chemical hybridisation agent for commercial hybrid seed production.<br>References Buysse, A., et al.: U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ., 118 (2016); Walsh, M., et al.: U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. 77., (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chloro-2-methylphenol is a transformation/degredation product of herbicides found in the environment through landfills and runoff.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lagana, A. et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta., 462, 187 (2002); Irmak, S. et al.: App. Catal. B. Environ.., 63, 243 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Clothianidin-d3 (N-methyl-d3) (CAS# 1262776-24-8) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound. This compound can be used to detect trace levels of neonicotinoid insecticides in honey bee royal jelly using ultra-sound assisted liquid-liquid extraction-UHPLC/MS.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Giroud, B., et.al., Microchemical J., 151,104249,(2019);<br></p>

<p>Stability No Data Availableg<br>Applications (1S,αS)-trans-Cypermethrin is an impurity in the synthesis of θ-Cypermethrin which a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes. It behaves as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. Cypermethrin can exhibit a toxic effect on the reproductive system.<br>References Hu, J., et al.: J. Appl. Toxicol., 33, 576 (2011); Singh, A., et al.: Neurobiol. Aging., 33, 404 (2012); Amer, S., et al.: J. Mut. Res., 155, 135 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications N,N-Diethyl-3-methyl-d3-benzamide-2,4,5,6-d4 (CAS# 1219799-37-7) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications A substituted benzamide derivative structurally related to STI-571 (Imatinib Mesylate). It was identified as highly potent Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Li, Q., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 3070 (1996), Ptasznik, A., et al.: Nat. Med., 10, 1187 (2004), Tetsuo, A., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 1421 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Carcinogenic compound commonly found in hair dyes and henna ink, also a commonly used synthetic intermediate<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mulyono; T., et al.: J. Biosci. Bioeng., 103, 147 (2007), Mosley-Foreman, C., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 3780 (2008), Patel, A.K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 9236 (2008), Akyuz, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 47, 68 (2008),<br></p>