Toxicology

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 3-Iodothyronacetic Acid is a 3-Iodothyronamine metabolite that has functional effects in FRTL-5 thyroid cells.
References Agretti, P. et al.: J. Mol. Endocrinol., 47, 23 (2011);

Applications Olodaterol is a long acting β-adrenoceptor agonist used as an inhalation for treating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
References Cazzola, M., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 64, 450 (2012); Bouyssou, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 1410 (2010);

Applications Most ethyl alcohol is used in alcoholic beverages in suitable dilutions. Other uses are as solvent in laboratory and industry , in the manufacture of denatured alcohol, pharmaceuticals, in perfumery, in organic synthesis. Used as antiseptic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wiberg, G.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 16, 718 (1970), Brown, N.A., et al.: Science, 206, 573 (1979),

Applications A reagent used in the preparation of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors and PMPA prodrugs with antiretroviral activity.
References Sheng, X. et al.: Bioorg, Med. Chem. Lett., 169, 3453 (2009); Arimilli, M.N. et al.: Antiviral Chem. Chemother., 8, 557 (1997);

Applications Docosatetraenoyl Ethanolamide-d4 is the labelled analogue of (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-7,10,13,16-docosatetraenamide (H943240), which is an endocannabinoid and an analog of anandamide, which is an endogenous cannabinoid and TRPV1 receptor agonist.
References Donovan, J. and Grundy D. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 23, 567 (2011); Walter, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem. 277, 20869 (2002)

Applications 2,3-Dimethylbenzoquinone is a reagent in the preparation of hydroxycinnolines which has antifungal activity.
References Ryu, C., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 1850 (2006)

Applications 2,5-Dichloro-1,3-benzenedicarbonitrile is a metabolite of the fungicide 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (TPN) in soil.
References Sato, K., et al.: Biol. Fert. Soils, 3, 205 (1987)

Applications Bis(tributyltin) Oxide is an organotin compound used as a fungicide and molluscicide, particularly in wood preservation. Bis(tributyltin) Oxide was used as an active component in marine antifouling paints but is not longer used due to its toxicity and is considered a severe marine pollutant.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Laughlin, R.B.J. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 20, 884 (1988); Polster, M. et al.: Ces.-Slov. Hyg., 15, 243 (1970);

Applications N-Acetyl Cefixime is the N-acetylated analogue and impurity of the third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, Cefixime (C242800).

Applications An intermediate in the preparation of HIV-integrase inhibitors
References Itoh, F., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 43, 230 (1995), Summa, V., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 5843 (2008),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 42-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxyethyl Rapamycin is a useful synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of Everolimus (E945400); an immunosuppressant macrolide and analog of the parent drug Rapamycin (R124000). Everolimus inhibits cytokine-mediated lymphocyte proliferation.
References Dumont, F.J., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 2, 1220 (2001); Kovarik, J. M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 69, 48 (2001); Nashan, B., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 24, 53 (2002); Venkata, S.P., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2012066502 A1 20120524. May 24, 2012

Applications Metazosulfuron is a herbicide used in paddy fields to control annual and perennial weeds.
References Lee, I., et. al.: The Korean Soc. Weed Sci., 31, 308 (2011)

Impurity Ampicillin EP Impurity C Sodium Salt;
Applications Ampicillin Diketopiperazine Sodium Salt (Mixture of Diastereomers), is a a metabolite and impurity of the semi-synthetic antibiotic Ampicillin (A634300).
References Suwanrumpha, S. et al.: Biomed. Environ. Mass Spec., 18, 983 (1989); Zhu, Y. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 14, 631 (1996); Haginaka, J. et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 39, 5 (1987);

Applications A reactant used in the preparation of Liraglutide, a GLP-1R agonist.

Applications α-Linolenoyl Ethanolamide-d4 is the labeled analogue of alpha-Linolenoyl Ethanolamide (L467718), which is an endocannabinoid containing a-linolenic acid.
References Hanus, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 3032-3034 (1993)

Applications Lopinavir D-Valine Diastereomer-d9 is the isotope labelled analog of Lopinavir D-Valine Diastereomer. Lopinavir D-Valine Diastereomer is a metabolite of Lopinavir (L469480); a selective HIV protease inhibitor and antiviral. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)

Applications α-Chloro-p-methyltoluene-13C is the labeled analogue of α-Chloro-p-methyltoluene(C369770). α-Chloro-p-methyltoluene is a building block that has been used as a reactant for the preparation of 6-aminoquinolone derivatives as submicromolar hepatitis C virus NS5B inhibitors
References Manfroni, G., et. al.: J. Med. Chem., Ahead of Print (2013)

Applications N-Desmethyl Regorafenib (Pyridine)-N-oxide-d3 is the isotope labelled analog of N-Desmethyl Regorafenib (Pyridine)-N-oxide (D293280); a synthetic metabolite of Regorafenib (R143000) used for treatment and prevention of cancer.
References Wilhelm, S.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2011130728 A1 20111020. Oct 20, 2011

Applications Methyl 3,5-dichlorobenzoate (cas# 2905-67-1) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Isotope labelled 1,2-Pentanediol is used in synthesizing quinoxalines from biomass-derived glycols. Also used in the synthesis of propiconazole (P770100) a fungicide as well as other antifungals.
References Climent, M. et al.: J. Catal., 292, 118 (2012); Zhou, Y. et al.: Carbo. Res., 344, 1289 (2009);

Applications 10-O-Benzyl (R)-Apomorphine-d5 is the isotope labelled analog of 10-O-Benzyl (R)-Apomorphine (B230300); a benzyl derivative of (R)-Apomorphine (A727500) which is a dopamine (D1 and D2) receptor agonist, emetic, and antiparkinsonian.
References Neumeyer, J.L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 1850 (1970); Ginos, J.Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 1194 (1975); Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 20, 121 (1991)

Impurity Valganociclovir EP Impurity J
Applications Ganciclovir Mono-O-propionate is a potential prodrug of Ganciclovir (G235000). Ganciclovir Mono-O-propionate was also found to exhibit anti-viral activity through experimental studies.
References Dias, C.S., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 91, 660 (2002);

Applications Labelled Famotidine. Histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Antiulcerative.
References Takeda, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 32, 734 (1982), Miwa, M., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. Toxicol., 22, 214 (1984), Takabatke, T., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 28, 327 (1985),

Applications A metabolite of Sitagliptin.
References Beconi, M.G. , et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 525 (2007),

Applications 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenoxy)acetic Acid is a synthetic auxin, or a class of plant growth regulators.
References Savaldi-Goldstein, S. et al.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Uni. Am., 105, 15190 (2008); Mahajan, D. et al.: J. App. Chem., 2, 765 (2013);

Applications Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is the most commonly used nucleic acid stain for PAGE or agarose gel electrophoresis. The fluorescence of EtBr increases 21-fold upon binding to double-stranded RNA and 25-fold on binding double-stranded DNA so that destaining the background is not necessary with a low stain concentration (10 μg/ml). Ethidium bromide has been used in a number of fluorimetric assays for nucleic acids. It has been shown to bind to single-stranded DNA (although not as strongly) and triple-stranded DNA. Because of its ability to bind to DNA, EtBr is an inhibitor of DNA polymerase. Antiprotozoal (Trypanosoma). Dyes and metabolites.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Waring, M.J., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 13, 269 (1965), Probst, G.S., et al.: Environ. Mutagen., 3, 11 (1981),

Applications Cuprous Cyanide-15N is an intermediate in the synthesis of Bictegravir-15N, d2 (B382096), which is the labeled version of Bictegravir, which is a novel, potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase with an IC50 of 7.5 nM.
References Tsiang M. et al.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Nov 21;60(12):7086-7097;

Applications Ethanol-13C2 is a labelled analogue of Ethanol, which is used in alcoholic beverages in suitable dilutions and as solvent in laboratory and industry, in the manufacture of denatured alcohol, pharmaceuticals, in perfumery, and in organic synthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wiberg, G.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 16, 718 (1970); Brown, N.A., et al.: Science, 206, 573 (1979);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Indoxyl-β-D-glucoside is a constitute of Isatis indigotica Chinese medicinal herb widely used for the treatment of influenza, viral pneumonia, mumps, pharyngitis, and hepatitis. It is also used in many Chinese medicinal feeds with the effect of reducing stress reaction of livestock and fowls and enhancing immunity.
References Zou, P., et al.: Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 21, 1239 (2007); Hou, Y., et al.: Toxicon, 52, 440 (2008); Liu, M., et al.: From Faming Zhuanli Shenqing (2008), CN 101243831 A 20080820;

Applications Ethyl-2,2,2-d3 Alcohol: Most ethyl alcohols are used in alcoholic beverages in suitable dilutions. Other uses are as solvents in laboratory and industry , in the manufacture of denatured alcohol, pharmaceuticals, in perfumery, in organic synthesis. Used as antiseptic.
References Wiberg, G.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 16, 718 (1970), Brown, N.A., et al.: Science, 206, 573 (1979),

Applications Propisochlor is an herbicide that is absorbed through the shoots of germinating plants.

Applications p-Hydroxy-(D)-phenylglycyl Amoxicillin is a labeled derivative of Amoxicillin (A634235) a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to Penicillin.
References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),

Stability Very Hygroscopic
Applications A benzoquidine diimine derivative useful as animal growth substance.
References Clark, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 44, 3643 (1996), Sadowski, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 332 (1998), Estrada, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 1975 (2000),

Applications 5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfuryl Alcohol is a secondary metabolite of Xylaramide, a new antifungal compound.
References Schneider, G., et al.: Biosciences, 51, 802 (1996),

Applications The major metabolite of Mosapride (M731000).
References Somogyi, A., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 8, 463 (1983), Cashman, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 21, 587 (1993), Berkman, C., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 50, 565(1995), Blake, B., et al.: Xenobiotica, 25, 377 (1995),

Applications Adrenocortical/mineralocorticoid Steroid.
References Quigley, J., et al.: Clin. Exper. Pharmacol. Physiol., 36, 724 (2009),

Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive
Applications Amoxicillin trimer Trisodium Salt, is an impurity of Amoxicillin (A634235), a β-lactam family antibiotic that is commonly used in conjunction with clavulanic acid (C56370) to the treat bacterial infections.
References Gurwith, M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 24, 716 (1983); Kumar, A., et al.: J. Mater. Chem., 20, 10152 (2010);

Applications 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid is a metabolite of the herbicide Benthiocarb. 4-Chlorosalicylic Acid shows antifungal activity.
References Nakamura, Y. et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 41, 1613 (1977); Patel, H.S. et al.: J. Macromol. Sci. Chem., A20, 453 (1983); Amborabe, B.-E. et al.: Plant Physiol. Biochem., 40, 1051 (2002);

Impurity Clarithromycin Impurity O EP
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Clarithromycin (9Z)-O-Methyloxime is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750); a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic and derivative of Erythromycin (E650000).
References Morgan, D., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 502, 351 (1990); Benson, C., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol., 6, 173 (1987); Boyanova, L., et al.: J. Med. Microb., 61, 85 (2012); Lin, Z., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 126, 114 (2012)

Applications 4-Biphenylyl Sulfate Potassium Salt is a derivative of 4-Phenylphenol (P336135). 4-Phenylphenol is a reagent used in the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole dione derivatives as selective serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonists with antinociceptive activity.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Valhondo, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 7851 (2013); Nichols, D., et al.: Chem. Rev., 108, 1614 (2008)

Applications 4-(Dimethylamino)butanal Hydrochloride is the HCl salt of D492530, which was one of the reagents in discovery of a novel series of quinolone a6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists.
References McDonald, I., et al.: Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 1684 (2013).

Applications Labelled semi-synthetic antibiotic related to Penicillin. Antibacterial.
References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),

Applications Arachidonoyl p-Nitroaniline is a nitroaniline probe for FAAH activity.