Toxicology

<p>Applications Coumoxystrobin is a Coumarin (C755380) based fungicide.<br>References Guan, A., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 67, 647 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Toxic<br>Applications Isotopopically Labelled analogue of Captan (C175725), which is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor acting as a fungicide (1), often added to pesticide mixtures to control diseases among fruits and vegetables. Detected through various analytical techniques involving pesticide residues such as MS-PD and GC-MS (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Also used in cannabis testing.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Afful, S. et al.: Res. J. App. Sci. Eng. Tech. (2010) 14 Jul:2(6) 592-52. Engelen, K. et al.: J. Proteome. Res. 2010 Oct 1;9(10):4919-263. Lagunas-Allue, L. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010 Oct;398(3):1509-23<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenylguanidine anthelmintic. Anthelmintic.<br>References Williams, J.C., et al.: Am. J. Vet. Res., 46, 2188 (1985), Delatour, P., et al.: J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 9, 230 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Terbufos-sulfoxide was identified in vegetables and fruit by gas chromotography.<br>References Zhang, Q., et al.: Shandong Huagong, 45, 57 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Methylarsonic acid is used as herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gaines, T.B., et al.: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 7, 299 (1986), Cao, X., et al.: Food Chem., 113, 720 (2009), Jedynak, L., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 407, 945 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Difethialone is an anticoagulant rodenticide widely used to control rodent infestations.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Eason, C., et al.: Ecotoxicology, 11, 35 (2002), Hegdal, P., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 7, 245 (1988), Stone, W., et al.: Environ. Contam. Tox., 70, 34 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Farnesol is an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol which is used in perfumery due to its sweet and floral scent. Flavoring agent. Antibacterial.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kromidas, L. et al.: Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 28, 103 (2006); Joo J. et al.: Canc. Lett., 287, 123 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetaminophen Dimer is an oxidatively couple dimer of Acetaminaphen (A161220), an analgesic and antipyretic agent used as a pain reliever to treat headache, muscle aches, and arthritis (1). Acetaminophen Dimer along with other p-acetamidophenol analogs were used to determine peroxidase activities (2,3).<br>References (1) McGill, M. R. and Jaeschke, H. Pharm Res. 30, 2174 (2013)(2) Potter, D.W. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 29, 155 (1986) (3) Shiga, M. et al.: Anal. Sci., 11, 195 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier; anti-emetic.<br>References Baudry, M., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 308, 231 (1979), Ennis, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 31, 14 (1979), Brogden, R.N., Drugs, 24, 360 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(Trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide (TFNA-AM) is a metabolite of Flonicamid (F405710); a novel insecticide with rapid inhibitory effect against aphid feeding.<br>References Chen, G., et al.: Sepu, 30, 555 (2012); Morita, M., et al.: Pest. Manag. Sci.,63, 969 (2007); Sabatino, L., et al.: Food. Additive. Contamin., 6, 11 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Mianserin-d3 HCl (methyl-d3) (CAS# 1219804-97-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Reactive Violet 5 is an azo textile dye used in the textile and fabrics and paper-printing industries.<br>References Kodam, K. et al.: World J. Microbiol.Biotechnol., 21, 367 (2005); Moosvi, S. et al.: World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 21, 667 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications A structural derivative of Trimethoprim (T795615). A selective dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor; diaminopyridine antibacterial agent.<br>References Thomson, C.J. et al.: J. Chemother., 5, 458 (1993); Hawserl, S. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 71, 941 (2006); Conforti, A. et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 44, 411 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metazachlor Ethane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is an ethanesulfonate metabolite of Metazachlor (M225855), which is a chloroacetanilide herbicide.<br>References Laue, H., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 30, 1129 (1996); Matthies, M., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 9223 (2009); Hollender, J., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 7862 (2009); Dresen, S., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 2425 (2010); Liu, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 2673 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Isovaleryl L-Carnitine-d9 Chloride is labelled Isovaleryl L-Carnitine Chloride (I917580) which is used to prepare carnitine benzyl esters as neuroprotectant prodrugs.<br>References Gong, X., et al.: J. Chem. Res., 6, 327 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) Phosphate is a derivative of Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) Phosphate, a widely used flame retardant in plastic and textiles.<br>References Elliott, W.C., et al.: Life. Sci., 7, 1107 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Trifloxystrobin is a broad-spectrum foliar fungicide used in plant pritection. Trifloxystrobin functions by inhibiting fungal spore germination. Useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Margot, P. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pest Dis., 2, 375 (1998); Karadimos, D.A. et al.: Crop Prot., 24, 23 (2005); Prom, L.K. et al.: Plant Dis., 87, 252 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications D-(+)-2-Phosphoglyceric Acid Sodium Hydrate (cas# 70195-25-4) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor. Semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, related structurally to Teniposide. Antineoplastic.<br>References Burden, D.A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 29238 (1996), Joel, S., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rev., 22, 179 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Salt is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.<br>References Ollila, F., et al.: Langmuir, 17, 7107 (2001); Uekama, K., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 52, 900 (2004); Tongiani, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 94, 2380 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Difluoroacetic acid<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications An anticholinergic. Used as an antispasmodic.<br>References Zhang, L., et al.: Pharm. Res., 25, 1902 (2008), Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol Lett., 187, 84 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diphenyl Phosphate is an organophosphate diester and metabolite of the flame retardant Triphenyl Phosphate (T808990) and also a metabolite of 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate.<br>References Cooper, E.M. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 401, 2123 (2011); Nishimaki-Mogami, T. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 61, 259 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Boscalid is a fungicide belonging to the class of carboxamides. Boscalid acts by inhibiting spore germination, germ tube elongation and is also effective on all other stages of fungal development. Boscalid is used in the agriculture to protect crops from gray mold, powdery mildew and other fungus. Used in Pesticide detection. Boscalid is useful in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698235).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Yan, F. et al.: Nongyao, 47, 132 (2008); Lozowicka, B. et al.: Prog. Plant Prot., 48, 1211 (2008); Stammler, G. et al.: Int. Plant Prot. Cong. Proc. 16th Glas. U.K., 1, 40 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate EP Impurity B<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Betamethasone 21-Phosphate Disodium Salt (Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate EP Impurity B) is a Betamethasone derivative. It is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties which can be used in treatment of asthma and itching.<br>References Kerns, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 90, 1838 (2001), Seidler, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 4477 (2003), Alsenz, J., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 96, 1748 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Flucarbazone-sodium is a herbicide.<br>References Eliason, R., et al.: Weed Sci., 52, 857 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications The metabolite in soil and sugar beets of Chloridazon.<br>References Smith, D.T., et al.: Weed Sci., 18, 260 (1970),<br></p>

<p>Applications Picloram is used as a herbicide. Studies show that Picloram can reduce seed germination rate and vigor as well as seedling growth in Bidens pilosa L.<br>References Freitas, M.R., et al.: RSC Adv., 5, 7547 (2015); Tian, X., et al.: Nongyao, 53, 485 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Mono N-Desmethyl Disperse Polyester Dark Blue is a disperse dye for synthetic polyester fibers. It has good heat and light resistance and is used for thermal transfer recording.<br>References Peters A. T., et al.: J. Soc. Dyers Colour, 108(7-8), 344-8 (1992)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Melamine (M208703), which forms synthetic resins with formaldehyde. It remains largely non-metabolized in male Wistar rats with 90% of the administered dose excreted in the urine (1,2) and thus acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive found in milk (3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast, R. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10.2. Smith, J. et al.: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Apr;125(2):296-308.3. Anirudhan, T. et al.: Food Chem. 2017 Jul 15;227:85-92.<br></p>

<p>Applications Sethoxydim is a neuroplastin isoforms, a member of Ig superfamily. It is expressed and important in stereocilia of outer hair cells function. Also, it is derived from Crotonaldehyde (C818650), which is an αβ-unsaturated aldehyde and an alkylating agent that is commonly found in tobacco smoke and some foods. Crotonaldehyde is also a known mutagen and carcinogen.<br>References Zeng, W., et al.: J. Neurosci., 36, 9201-9216 (2016); Scherer, G., et al.: Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 26, 37 (2007); Zhang, S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 1386 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Thifensulfuron is used as a herbicide, a chemical compound that function by inhibiting the action of a plant enzyme, stopping plant growth, and eventually killing the plant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Battaglin, W. A., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 248, 123(2000)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Efavirenz USP Related Compound B<br>Applications (E)-Dihydro Efavirenz (Efavirenz USP Related Compound B) is an impurity of the nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor Efavirenz (E425000).<br>References Weissburg, R.P. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 28, 45 (2002); Ribeiro, J.A.A. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 43, 298 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibacterial.<br>References Manius, G.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 7, 445 (1978), Roth, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 23, 379 (1980), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 23, 405 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antineoplastic; one derivative of cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Potel, J., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 21, 1250 (1971), Bria, E., et al.: Cancer Treat. Rev., 32, 583 (2006), Faivre, S., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 24, 25 (2006).<br></p>

<p>Applications Methotrexyl-N’-biotinylethylenediamine is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled acetylsalicylic acid impurity B.<br>References Walter, M., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 1996, 239, 281 (1996), Bantignies, B., et al.: Plant Mol. Biol., 42, 871 (2000), Bais, H., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 32413 ( 2003), Finkler, C., et al.: Genetica, 124, 117 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Cyano-6-(methylsulfonyl)-7-nitro-9H-xanthen-9-one is an impurity of Mesotrione (M225765), a herbicide that works by inhibiting 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), a crucial enzyme for the biosynthesis of carotenoid in plants. Mesotrione is also a synthetic analog of lepospermone.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Deng, L., et al.: Indus. Crops. Prod., 39, 154 (2012); Pileggi, M., et al.: Chemosphere., 86, 1127 (2012); McElroy, J., S., Hort. Technol.,22, 627 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Agricultural fungicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cohen, S., et al.: Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 40, 531 (2010), Wong, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 5884 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications p-Cresol Sulfate Potassium Salt-d4 is the labelled analogue of p-Tolyl Sulfate Potassium Salt (T536805), the major component of urinary myelin basic protein-like material and is derived through the secondary metabolism of p-cresol (C781900).<br>References Cuoghi, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 404, 2097 (2012); Wu, I.W., et al.: Nehphrol. Dial. Transplan., 27, 1169 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 17beta-Estradiol-16,16,17-d3 3-Benzoate (CAS# 1192354-74-7) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications A stable labelled selective HIV protease inhibitor Ritonavir (R535000). It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Daluge, S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 38, 1590 (1994), Ammaranond, P., et al.: J. Clin. Virol., 26, 153(2003), Harrigan, P., et al.: J. Infect. Dis., 191, 339 (2005), Miller, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 1788 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Levofloxacin.<br>References Sudo, K., et al.: Xenobiotica, 16, 72 (1986), Wong, F., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 18, 1103 (1990), Aminimanizani, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacokinet., 40, 169 (2001), Athamna, A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 53, 247 (2004), Tanaka, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol., 56, 463 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Vancomycin Impurity<br>Applications An impurity in Vancomycin.A representative lot was 75% by HPLC with less than 0.1% vancomycin.<br>References Marshall, F.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 8, 18 (1965), Sheldrick, G.M., et al.: Nature, 271, 223 (1987), Dutca-Melan, S., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 33, 24 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diuron is a phenyl urea herbicide (1,2). Pre-emergent herbicide which may find its way into aquatic environments, and consumable fruit/vegetation (3,4). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Noseworthy, J. et al.: Weed. Tech. 2010 Jul:24(1) pp64-702. Armenta, S. et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010 May;397(1):297-308.3. Neuwoehner, J. et al.: Aquat. Toxicol. 2010 Apr 1;97(1):58-67.4. Wong, J. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem. 2010 May 26;58(10):5897-9034<br></p>

<p>Applications Terbuthylazine-(ethyl-d5) is the deuterized or labeled form of Terbuthylazine (T110500), which is a triazine herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schenck, F., et al.: Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 73, 24 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Tapentadol (T007200).<br>References Terlinden, R., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 32, 163 (2007), Tzschentke, T., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 323, 256 (2007), Wade, W., et al.: Clin. Ther., 31, 2804 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Norethindrone EP Impurity D<br>Applications Norethynodrel (Norethindrone EP Impurity D) is a progestin used in Enovid, an oral contraceptive, also used in the treatment of endometriosis and hypermenorrhea.<br>References Palmer K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 167, 207 (1969), Liu, L., et al.: Endocrinology., 151, 5782 (2010), Sonneveld, E., et al.: Toxicol. in Vitro, 25, 545 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications (9Z,12E)-Tetradecadien-1-yl Acetate is a sex pheromone component of Noctuidae in Antilles.<br>References Renou, M., et al.: Colloques - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 46, 21 (1988); Teal, P. E. A., et al.: J. Chem. Ecol., 11, 717 (1985); Tamaki, J., et al.: Dokl. Soobshch. - Mezhdunar. Kongr. Zashch., 5, 132 (1975)<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture sensitive<br>Applications Fenclofenac Glucuronide is a metabolite of Fenclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Mild immunosuppressive agent.<br>References Lim, C. et al.: Metabolism, 44, 1008 (1995); Spiers, E. et al.: Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 15, 865 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications Triflumuron is a benzoylphenylurea insecticide. Triflumuron is a chitin synthesis inhibitor used to control insects pests such as mosquitos and flies.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schaefer, C.H.: J. Econ. Entomol., 71, 427 (1978); Zoebelein, G. et al.: Zeitsch. Angew. Entomol., 89, 289 (1980); Chang, S.C.: J. Econ. Entomol., 77, 479 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications N-Methyl-N-formylhydrazine is a substituent used in the synthesis of Marbofloxacin (M197000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial agent.<br>References Gruet, P., et al.: Vet. Rec., 140, 199 (1977), Lefebvre, H.P., et al.: J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 21, 453 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications A classical β-adrenergic agonist in retina in interlaboratory study.<br>References Horwitz, W., et al.: Anal. Chem., 54, 67 (1982), Gowik, P., et al.: Analyst, 125, 1103 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Levamisole. Biological response modifier with anthelmintic activity. Anthelmintic (nematodes); immunomodulator.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Thienpoint, D., et al.: Nature, 209, 1084 (1966), Bullock, M.W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 11, 169 (1968), Miller, M.J., et al.: Drugs, 20, 122 (1980), Stevenson, H.C., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 9, 2052 (1991), Amery, W.K., et al.: Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 14, 481 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Controlled substance (depressant). Sedative; hypnotic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Horwitz, et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 8, 77 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications An echinocandin that inhibits the synthesis of β (1,3)-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. An antifungal drug used in the treatment of invasive fungal infections.<br>References Sandhu, P. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemorther., 48, 1272 (2004); Bertsche, T. et al.: Pharamaz. Zeit., 148, 34 (2003); Hoang, A.: Am. J. Health-Sys. Pharm., 58, 1206 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Radioactive imaging agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Subramanian, G., et al.: J. Nucl. Med., 16, 744 (1975), Rosenthall, L., et al.: Clin. Nucl. Med., 2, 232 (1977), Bull, U., et al.: Br. J. Radiol., 50, 629 (1977), Garty, I., et al.: Clin. Nucl. Med., 14, 515 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Efavirenz (E42500). A nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethametsulfuron-methyl is a regulator of the early steps of complement activation on mucosal surfaces. It can be used in combination treatment of ohmic heating with various essential oil components for inactivation of food-​borne pathogens in buffered peptone water and salsa.<br>References Kim, S. S., et al.: Food Control, 80, 29 (2017); Reichhardt, M. P., et al.: Front Immunol, 7, 85 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Echinacoside Ethanolate is a caffeic acid glycoside, known for its neuroprotective, antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. Also an anti[proliferative towards hypoxia influenced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.<br>References Gai, X. et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 126, 155 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A medicinal agent for treating viral infections.<br>References Chiou, W., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 60, 1281 (1971), Ford, J., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 31, 726 (1979), Tamblyn, S., et al.: Eur. J. Epidemiol., 10, 503 (1994), Suzuki, H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 45, 1688 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Entecavir. An oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of hepatitis B infection. A guanine analogue that inhhibits all three steps in the viral replication process.<br>References Innaimo, S.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41, 1444 (1997), Honkoop, P., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 12, 683 (2003), Chang, T.-T., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 354, 1001 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Albendazole Sulfoxide-d7 is the isotope labelled metabolite of Albendazole (A511620), an anthelmintic agent.<br>References Dominguez, L., et al.: Farmaco, 50, 697 (1995), De Laurentis, N., et al.: Pharm. Pharmacol Lett., 6, 2: 51 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ondansetron is a specific serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist. Antiemetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kris, M.G., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 6, 659 (1988); Faris, P..L., et al.: Lances, 355, 792 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled analogue of 3-Hydroxykynurenine is a metabolite of tryptophan. 3-Hydroxykynurenine filters UV light in the human lens. Studies suggest that Hydroxykynurenine is an endogenous oxidative stress generator and a potential endogenous neurotoxin.<br>References Malina, H.Z. et al.: Graefes. Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol., 233, 38 (1995); Okuda, S. et al.: J. Neurochem., 70, 299 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Isotope labelled 1,6-Anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose (A648100), an compound that have been proven to be a valuable synthon for the preparation of various biologically important and structurally diverse products (e.g. rifamycin S, indanomycin, thromboxane B2, (+)-biotin, tetrodotoxin, quinone, and macrolide antibiotics) as well as for modified sugars.<br>References Fraser-Reid, B., et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106, 731 (1984); Edwards, M.P., et al. J. Org. Chem. 49, 3503 (1984); Kelly, A.G., and Roberts, J.S. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 228, (1980); Ogawa, T., et al. Carbohydr. Res. 57, C31 (1977); Isobe, M., et al. Tetrahedron Lett. 28, 6485 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications Roscovitine is a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Roscovitine has been found to produce apoptosis in treated cancerous cells of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other cancers. Studies show that Roscovitine displays increased anti-mitotic activity at the G1/S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. Roscovitine maybe useful in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), leukemia, HIV infection, herpes simplex infection, and the mechanisms of chronic inflammation disorders.<br>References De Azevedo, W.F. et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 43, 518 (1997); Planchais, S. et al.: Plant J., 12, 191 (1997); Mgbonyebi O.P. et al.: Anticancer Res., 18, 751 (1998); MacCallum, D.E. et al.: Cancer Res., 65, 5399 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-O-Desmethyl 4-O-Ethyl Trimethoprim is a derivative of Trimethoprim (T795615), an antibacterial agent that is commonly prescribed in conjunction with Sulfametoxazole (S699086) to treat patients afflicted with urinary tract infections. 4-O-Desmethyl 4-O-Ethyl Trimethoprim also has potential antibacterial activity.<br>References Roth, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 24, 933 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Abacavir - In House Impurity<br>Applications Abacavir Sulfate (Abacavir - In House Impurity) is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Florasulam is a triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide compound that is used as a post emergence herbicide. Florasulam is often used to control dandelion populations in wheat fields.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Krieger, M., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 48, 3710 (2000); Li, Z., et al.: Bull. Environ. Cont. Toxicol., 90, 280 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A new analgesic.<br>References de Julian-Ortiz, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 42, 3308 (1999), Roy, K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 745 (2004), Garcia-Garcia, A., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 53, 65 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Decanol is a long chain alcohol that has been seen to enhance homomeric glycine receptor function. In addition, the 5HT2α receptors were inhibited by the presence of 1-decanol. This action has many psychological repercussions on an individual.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mascia, M. et al.: Brit. J. Pharm., 119, 1311 (1996); Minami, K. et al.: J. Pharm. Exp. Ther., 281, 1136 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Hydrochlorothiazide EP Impurity C<br>Applications N-[[7-(Aminosulfonyl)-6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1,1-dioxo-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-4-yl]methyl]-6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-1,1-dioxo-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide (Hydrochlorothiazide EP Impurity C) is an impurity in bulk Hydrochlorothiazide. Dimer Impurity C.<br>References Daniels, S.L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 211 (1981), Fang, X., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 691 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Doxycycline EP Impurity C<br>Stability Light Sensitive, Unstable in Solution<br>Applications An alternative to doxycycline to control gene expression.<br>References Schiffer, I., et al.: Cancer Res. 63, 7221 (2003) , Eger, K. , et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 323, 979, (2004).<br></p>

<p>Applications A major metabolite of Zolpidem.<br>References Crestani, F., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 131, 1251 (2000), Li, Q., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 12, 465 (2002), Goulle, J., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 26, 206 (2004), Ohkanda, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 432 (2004), Blackaby, W., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 1175 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Moxifloaxacin EP Impurity A<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 8-Desmethoxy-8-fluoro Moxifloxacin (Moxifloaxacin EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Moxifloxacin (M745000).<br>References Martel, A., et al.: Drugs Fut., 22, 109 (1997), Tobin, C., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 42, 278 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Deuterated Mycopheolate Mofetil, an immunosuppressant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lee, W.A., et al.: Pharm. Res., 7, 161 (1990), Bullingham, R.E.S., et al.: Transplant. Proc., 28, 925 (1996), Keown, P.A., et al.: Transplantation, 61, 1029 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Abiraterone acetate is a novel steroidal inhibitor of human Cytochrome P450(17α-Hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase): potential agent for the treatment of prostatic cancer.<br>References Denis, L., et al.: Cancer, 72, 3888 (1993), Potter, G.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2463 (1995), Denmeade, S., et al.: Nat. Rev., 2, 389(2002), Scher, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 8253 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A nootropic drug that produced a significant increase in β-wave activity and stimulated α-wave activity dose-dependently. It has been used in studies to alleviate the effects of memory retrieval deficits in rats.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sara, S.J.: Psychopharmacology, 68, 235 (1980); Wolthuis, O.L.: Pharamacol. Biochem. Behav., 15, 247 (1981); Saletu, B. et al.: Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol., 4, 469 (1980);<br></p>

<p>Applications WP 155, is a pesticide that has mutagenic effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus nidulans, which was verified by comparing with standard mutagen methylmethansulfonate.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References De Bertoldi, M., et al.: Environ. Mutagen., 2, 359 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications Combined serotonin (5HT2) and dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist; structurally related to Mianserin. Antipsychotic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Meltzer, H., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 251, 238 (1989), Schotte, A., et al.: Brain Res., 631, 191 (1993), Andree, B., et al.: Psychopharmacology, 131, 339 (1997), Richelson, E., et al.: Life Sci., 68, 29 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Mesocarb is a CNS stimulant that acts as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Mesocarb is a psychotropic drug. Mesocarb is used to counteract the sedative effects of benzodiazepine drugs.<br>References Gainetdinov, R.R. et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 340, 53 (1997); Kholodov, L.E. et al.: Khim.-Farmat. Zhur., 7, 50 (1973); Valueva, L.N. et al.: Zhur. Nevropatol. Psikh. S. S. Korsak., 82, 1212 (1982);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Plerixafor is a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilizer that inhibits the CXCR4 chemokine receptor and blocks binding of its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1-α (SDF-1-α). This agent was approved on Dec. 15, 2008, as treatment in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize HSCs to the peripheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM). Selective CXCR4 antagonist.<br>References Xie, T., et al.: Science, 290, 328 (2000), Leone, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 305, 1150 (2003), Chigaev, A., et al.: J. Immunol. 178, 6828 (2007), Kiel, M., et al.: Cell Stem Cell, 1, 204 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol AF-13C12 is the isotope labelled analog of Bisphenol AF (2,2-Bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane). 2,2-Bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane acts as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), activating estrogen through the estrogen receptor ERα. It is a full agonist for the estrogen receptor.<br>References Matsushima, A. et al.: Environ. Health, Perspect. 118, 1267 (2010);<br></p>