Toxicology

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications NSC 295642 acts as a potential inhiibitor of Caax protease disrupting yeast Ras localization.
References Manandhar, S. et al.: Yeast, 27, 327 (2010);

Applications Emtricitabine Tenofovir Disoproxil Dihydrochloride is a derivative of Emtricitabine (E525000). Emtricitabine is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is an effective antiviral agent against HIV, HBV, and other viruses replicating in a similar manner.
References FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999), Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. InfecSchinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992), Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996), Feng, J.Y., et al.: . Dis., 182, 599 (2000)

Applications 6-Methyl-4-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide is an intermediate of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride (D535100), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Antiglaucoma agent.
References Jiang, X., et. al.: Yingyong Huagong, 36, 1215 (2007); Lippa, E.A., et al.: Ophthalmology, 98, 308 (1991); Wang, R.-F., et al.: Arch. Ophthalmol., 109, 1297 (1991); Whikehart, D., et al.: J. Ocul. Pharmacol., 7, 195 (1991); Sjoquist, B., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 745 (1998)

Applications A dinitroanilie heribicide used for the control of a wide range annual grass and broadleaf weeds in crops such as groundnuts, tobacco, lettuce, turf, alfalfa, clover, watermelons and sweet melons.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Bradley, M.R. et al.: Exp. Horticult., 29, 35 (1977); Harvey, R.G. et al.: Weed Sci., 25, 256 (1977); Grichar, W.J. et al.: Peanut Sci., 20, 126 (1993);

Applications Pipobroman-D8 is a labelled analogue of Pipobroman (P490602).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications Labelled trans-Hydroxy Praziquantel (H952405). The main cis-monohydroxylated metabolite of Praziquantel (P702095).
References Buehring, K., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharm., 3, 179 (1978), Moldeus, P., et al.: Methods Enzymol., 52, 60 (1978), Cioli, D., et al.: Pharmacol. Ther., 68, 35 (1995),

Applications Mepronil is an benzanilide based fungicide found in the raw materials of herbal medicine.
References Inoue, T., et al.: J. Agr. Food. Chem., 59, 3857 (2011);

Applications 3,4-Dimethyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine is a herbicide.
References Victoria F. R., et al.: Planta Daninha, 4, 11 (1981); Stoller, E. W., et al.: J. Environ. Qual., 6, 124 (1977); Van Yahres, R. D., et al.: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed Science Society, 36, 292 (1982)

Applications 1-Iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzene-d6 is the isotope labelled analog of 1-Iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzene. 1-Iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzene is used in the preparation of fused heterocyclic amido compounds as a potential anti hepatitis C virus agents.
References Aoyama, H., et al.: Bioorg. Med. chem., 19, 2675 (2011);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 3-Iodothyronacetic Acid is a 3-Iodothyronamine metabolite that has functional effects in FRTL-5 thyroid cells.
References Agretti, P. et al.: J. Mol. Endocrinol., 47, 23 (2011);

Applications Intermediate in the preparation of corticosteroids.

Applications 3-Bromopropionic-2,2,3,3-d4 Acid is the labeled analog of 3-Bromopropionic acid (B687705). 3-Bromopropionic Acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of nitrogen containing diselenides which exhibit antioxidant activity. Also used as a reagent in the synthesis of indolin-2-one-based multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors as potential anticancer agents.
References Nascimento, V., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 87, 131 (2014); Zhang, L., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 82, 139 (2014)

Applications 2-Phenoxypropionic Acid is used in organic chemistry reduction reactions. Used in the synthesis of PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligands.
References Brown, P. et al.: Synthesis., 7, 778 (1997);

Applications An enantiomer of Tolvaptan. It is a selective, competitive arginine vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist used to treat hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
References Paterna, S., et al.: Eur. J. Heart Fail, 2, 305 (2000), Udelson, J., et al.: Circulation, 104, 2417 (2001), Goldsmith, S., et al.: J. Am. Coll Cardiol., 46, 1785 (2005), Schrier, R., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 355, 2099 (2006),

Impurity Atorvastatin EP Impurity D
Applications O-Methyl Atovaquone (Atorvastatin EP Impurity D) is a Atovaquone derivative that shows protozoacidal activity against Plasmodium falciparum.
References Danoun, S., et. al.: Heterocycl. Commun., 5, 343 (1999)

Applications 4-Chloro-2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidine, is an intermediate used for the synthesis of some novel pyrimidine derivatives, having antifungal activities.
References Sun, L., et al.: Molecules, 16, 5618 (2011);

Applications O-Methyl Oxazepam Acetate is an impurity of Oxazepam (O845700), which is an anxiolytic; muscle relaxant (skeletal); anticonvulsant; ligand for the GABAA receptor benzodiazepine modulatory site. Controlled substance (depressant).
References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Sisenwine, et al.: Arzneim. Forsch., 22, 682 (1972), Shearer, C.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 3, 441 (1974), Greenblatt, D.J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 6, 89 (1981),

Applications Pyrethrin 1-d6(E/Z mixture) is the labeled analogue of Pyrethrin 1 (P991245), a pesticide residue that has been found in baby food.
References Luz Gomez-Perez, M., et. al.: Talanta, 131, 1 (2015)

Applications Isotope Labelled 1-Cyclopropyl-8-ethoxy-6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic Acid is an impurity in the synthesis of Moxifloxacin (M745000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.
References Woodcock, J.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 41, 101 (1997), Stass, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 2060 (1998)

Applications A galactosylceramide derivative used in the treatment of influenza. PBS-57 has the ability to stimulate both a cell-mediated and humoral immune response. Co-administration of PBS-57 with a vaccine may be used in methods to stimulate one or more of a humoral immune response, a CD4+ T cell response, and a CD8+ cytotoxic T cell response.
References Liu, Y., et al.: J. Immunol. Methods, 312, 34 (2006), Kamijuku, H., et al.: Mucosal Immunology, 1, 208 (2008), Kopecky-Bromberg, S; Vaccine, 27, 3766 (2009),

Applications Sedative, hypnotic
References Wegner, F., et al.: J. Neurochem., 107, 1056 (2008), McDonald, L., ewt al.: Psychopharmacol., 197, 591 (2008), Wegner, F., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 580, 1 (2008),

Applications A labelled impurity of Estradiol (E888000).
References Zhu, B., et al.: Steroids, 70, 225 (2005), Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997),

Applications Deoxycholic Acid-24-13C (CAS# 52886-37-0) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Applications 14,15-Epoxy-25-des(dimethylbutenyl)-25-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-epoxybutnyl) Moxidectin is a by-product during the synthesis of 3,4-Epoxy-moxidectin (E589045), which is derived from the parent compound Moxidectin (M744800), a macrocyclic lactone and semisynthetic derivative of nemadectin. Moxidectin is a parasiticide used for the prevention and control of heartworm and intestinal worms. Moxidectin is found in veterinary medicine used to treat animals such as dogs, cats, horses, cattle and sheep.Also, it is one of the impurities of Moxidectin under stress conditions.
References Bisset, S.A. et al.: New Zeal. Vet. J., 40, 97 (1992); Monahan, C.M. et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 63, 225 (1996); Glickman, L.T. et al.: Int. J. Appl. Res. Vet. Med., 3, 49 (2005); Awasthi, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 404, 2203-2222 (2012)

Applications Pemoline-d5 is a CNS stimulant. Controlled Substance.
References Connors, C.K., et al.: Psychopharacolgia, 26, 321 (1972), Schafer, E.W., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 21, 315 (1972),

Applications Ethylmorphine 6-(Tri-O-acetylglucuronide Methyl Ester) is an protected metabolite of Ethyl Morphine (E925155), an analgesic and antitussive agent.
References Bugge, A., et al.: Acta, Chem. Scandinavica., 49, 380 (1995);

Applications Cyclohexanecarbonyl-d11 Chloride is labelled Cyclohexanecarbonyl Chloride which is used to prepare 1,2,3-triazoles as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease. It was also used to synthesize benzothiazole as potent antitumor agents.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Whiting, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 7697 (2006); Yoshida, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 3328 (2005)

Applications 7,13-Bisside chainpacltaxel is a derivative of Paclitaxel (P132500) which has anticancer properties.
References Zhong, T., et al.: Bioconjugate Chem., 29, 437-444 (2018)

Applications 3,5-Dichloroaniline-2,4,6-d3 (CAS# 1219795-03-5) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Applications 4-Acetamidobenzene-d4-sulfonyl Chloride is the deuterium labelled form of 4-(Acetylamino)benzenesulfonyl Chloride (A170950), which is a sulfanilamide derivative of Chitosan with antifungal properties.
References Tashiro, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 8896 (2008); Alcalde, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 675 (2009);

Applications Emtricitabine O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt is a metabolite of (-)-Emtricitabine (E525000).
References Schinazi, R.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 36, 2423 (1992); Shockeor, J.P., et al.: Xenobioica, 26, 189 (1996); Feng, J.Y., et al.: FASEB J., 13, 1511 (1999); Molina, J.-M., et al.: J. Infec. Dis., 182, 599 (2000);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A metabolite of (-)-Emtricitabine (E525000).
References Paff, M. et al.; Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 38, 1230 (1994)

Applications Octanoic Acid-13C4 is an isotopic analog of Octanoic Acid (O237880), which is found naturally in the milk of various mammals. Its esters can be used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes. It is also an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer. Caprylic acid is also used in the treatment of some bacterial infections.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Lide, D. R., et al.: CRC Handbook chem. Phys., 70th Ed. (1990); Beare-Rogers, J., et al.: Pue Appl. Chem., 73 (4), 685 (2001);

Applications p-Chloroaniline-d4 Deuterium Chloride is an intermediate in synthesizing N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-N14-2-chlorophenyl-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide-d4 (C377537), an isotope labelled analog of N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-N14-2-chlorophenyl-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide. N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-N14-2-chlorophenyl-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide is an impurity of Chlorhexidine Digluconate (C292770). Chlorhexidine gluconate is an antimicrobial irrigant that is used as an antiseptic for the skin in the healthcare industry. It is used in hospitals to prevent infection of patients during surgeries and can also be found in mouth rinses.
References Addy, M. & Wright, R.: J. Clin. Periodont., 5, 198 (1978); Kuruvilla, J. & Kamath, M.: J. Endododont., 24, 472 (1998); Maki, D., et al.: Lancet, 338, 339 (1991); Popovich, K., et al.: Inf. Cont. Hosp. Epidem., 30, 959 (2009); Rosenberg, A., et al.: Surg. Gyn. Obst., 143, 789 (1976)

Applications Trimethoprim-13C3 (T795616) derivative. Antibacterial properties.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications (S,S)-Dihydro Bupropion is a metabolite of Bupropion (B689625), a selective inhibitor of dopamine uptake.
References Writer, J.H., et. al.: Sci. Total Environ., 461 (2013)

Applications (1R,3R,4R)-Entecavir is an isomeric impurity of Entecavir (E558900).

Applications An additive which contributes spiciness to foods. This compound is also often used as a regent in the preparation of its reduced alcohol, a compound commonly used in perfumery.
References Hardcastle, I., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 57, 801 (1999), Mookdasanit, J., et al.: Food Sci. Technol. Res., 8, 367 (2002), Jang, Y., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 7892 (2005),

Applications The Δ2-isomer of Cefotean (C242970). It is useful as intermediate in the preparation of cephalesorin compounds.
References Sugioka, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 1998 (1990),

Applications N2-Methyl Trimethoprim-D3 is a labelled analogue of N2-Methyl Trimethoprim (M331190).

Impurity Clarithromycin EP Impurity E
Applications 6,11-Di-O-methyl Erythromycin (Clarithromycin EP Impurity E) is a Di-O-alkyl Erythromycin (E649950) is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750). Clarithromycin impurity E per British Pharmacopoeia.
References Morimoto, S. et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 286 (1990); Kohno, Y. et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 26, 503 (1990);

Applications An intermediate in the preparation of HIV-integrase inhibitors