Toxicology

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxyquinazoline shows anti-microbial and anti-carcinogenic activity as seen in studies due to the quinazoline moiety.<br>References Kavitha, H.P. et al.: J. Pharm. Res., 4, 4694 (2011); He, J. et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 54, 925 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Rizatriptan Benzoate is a selective serotonin 5-HTID receptor agonist and used to treat migraine (1,2,3). It is structurally derived from tryptamine.<br>References (1) Cheng, H., et al.: Biopharm. Drug Dispos., 17, 17 (1996) (2) Su, M., et al.: Eur J Neurosci. 44, 2129 (2016)(3) Millson, D. S., et al.: Expert Opin Pharmacother. 1, 391 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorphentermine is an anorectic agent. Chlorphentermine is the 4-chloro derivative of the better known appetite suppressant Phentermine (P318830). Chlorphentermine is structurally related to amphetamine but is a relatively weak stimulant with little abuse potential.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gylys, J.A. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 137, 365 (1962); Jun, H.W. et al.: Can. J. Pharmac. Sci., 4, 27 (1969); Luellmann, H. et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 25, 239 (1973);<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the synthesis of Epothilones. Epothilones are polyketide natural products that inhibit cancer cells by a mechanism similar to paclitaxel, and also are effective against paclitaxel-resistant tumours. Epothilone D is in phase I clinical testing of in patients with advanced solid tumours. Epothilone D is a cytotoxic macrolide that stabilises malignant cells' microtubules and arrests mitosis, a characteristic it shares with other epothilones. They bind to the same hepatic sites as does paclitaxel (Taxol) in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of a, b-tubulin heterodimers.<br>References Hoee, G., et al.: Pure Appl. Chem., 71, 11, 2019 (1999), Giannakakou, P., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 2904 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Stability Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications It is used in efficient synthesis of 1β-O-acyl glucuronides via regioselective acylation of allyl or benzyl D-glucuronate.Αcyl glucuronides are known metabolites of important drugs.<br>References Kaspersen, F., et al.: Xenobiotica, 17, 1451 (1987), Ebner, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 1143 (1999), Shipkova, M., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 25, 1 (2003), Stachulski, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 6931 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Ethoxycarbonyl Dabigatran Ethyl Ester is an impurity of Dabigatran (D100090), which is antithrombotic drug.<br>References Hauel, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 1757 (2002); Mungall, D., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 3, 095 (2002); Stangier, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 555 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Adrenergic blocker. Antihypertensive, antianginal, antiarrhythmic.<br>References Garteiz, et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 179, 354 (1971), Taylor, S.H., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 307, 1293 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications An inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, the initial enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes from Arachidonic Acid. Used as an antiasthmatic.<br>References Carter, G.W., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 256, 929 (1991), Weinblatt, M.E., et al.: J. Rheumatol., 19, 1537 (1992), McGill, K and Busse, W.W.: Lancet, 348, 519 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications Agomelatine-d3 (acetamide-2,2,2-d3) (CAS# 1079389-38-0) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Nitromorphine is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-O-(Codein-2-yl)morphine (C634500), an impurity of Codeine (C634075).<br>References Chatterjie, N., et al.: Syn. Commun., 9, 647 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Des-N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-tert-leucine Bis-Boc Atazanavir is an intermediate for the synthesis of Atazanavir (A790051) and the preparation of some peptide analogs.<br>References Martin, J., et al.: Prog. Med. Chem., 32, 239 (1995), Jadhav, P., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 181 (1997), Bold, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 3387 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications An amine reactive trifunctional cross linker.<br></p>

<p>Applications Furamidine is a diphenylfuran compound belonging to an important class of antimicrobial and antiparasitic agents. Furamidine and its analogues also display antitumor activities and showed antiproliferative activities against various tumor cell lines.<br>References Lansiaux, A. et al.: Cancer Res., 62, 7219 (2002); Steck E.A. et al.: Exp. Parasitol., 52, 404 (1981); Balzarini, J. et al.: Incest. New Drugs, 1, 103 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Applications A Nicorandil (N398500) derivative<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of the antiviral drug Oseltamivir (O700100). It is a COVID19-related research product.<br></p>

<p>Applications Danoprevir is a selective and potent inhibitor of Hepatitis C virus.<br>References Ali, A. et al.: ACS. Chem. Biol., 8, 1469 (2013); Rong, L. et al.: PLoS. Comp. Biol., 9, e1002959 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications LY 364947, is a potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of Tgf-β signaling.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ichida, J.K., et al.: Cell Stem Cell, 5, 491 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Methyl Atovaquone-13C,d3 is the labeled analogue of O-Methyl Atovaquone (M288300). O-Methyl Atovaquone is a Atovaquone derivative that shows protozoacidal activity against Plasmodium falciparum.<br>References Danoun, S., et. al.: Heterocycl. Commun., 5, 343 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications The dopamine receptors play important role in cognition, memory, learning, and motor control (1). These receptors have been implicated as a therapeutic target for many psychiatric and neurological disorders. R(-)-2,10,11-Trihydroxy-N-propyl-noraporphine Hydrobromide is a potent and selective D2 dopamine receptor agonist (2).<br>References (1) Ptácek, R., et al.: Med Sci Monit. 17, RA215 (2011) (2) Gao, Y. G., et al.: J Med Chem. 33, 1800 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Phorate Sulfoxide is a metabolite of Phorate (85%, P353500) which is a non-biocumulative organophosphate used as an insecticide and acaricide. Phorate is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pandey, G.C. et al.: Ind. J. Comp. Anim. Physiol., 6, 1 (1988); Henderson, M.C. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 959 (2004); Peter, J.V. et al.: NeuroToxicology, 29, 335 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of Fenthion Sulfoxide, the sulfoxide anlogue and metabolite of the organothiophosphate insecticide Fenthion (F278000).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wallnoefer, P. et al.: Pflanzensch.-Nach., 29, 236 (1976); Minelli, E.V. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem., 44, 936 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Phenobarbital (P316760).<br>References Soine, W.H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 12, 792 (1984), Soine, W.H., et al.: J. Pharmac. Sci., 80, 99 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4,5-Dimethyl-N-2-propen-1-yl-3-thiophenecarboxamide is a derivative of Silthiofam (S465070(M)), which is a fungicide.<br>References Asrar, J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2003), WO 2003026421 A1<br></p>

<p>Applications A benzodiazepine derivative that possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. It is a precursor to Desmethyldiazepam (D291595) and is equal to or more effective than Diazepam (D416855) with a lower frequency of side effects.Controlled Substance.<br>References Fann, W.E. et al.: Pharmacother., 2, 72 (1982); Greenblatt, D.J. et al.: Lancet, 1, 1358 (1982);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyprofuram<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Chloro-5-fluoro Clodinafop Propargyl is an impurity of Clodinafop Propargyl (C584515), which is a herbicide that is used for weed control in wheat.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Aliverdi, A., et al.: Weed Biol. Management, 9, 292 (2009), Hochberg, O., et al.: Weed Res., 49, 37 (2009), Liu, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 2673 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Nicotine-N-(4-deoxy-4,5-didehydro)-β-D-glucuronide is a possible metabolite of Nicotine (N412420).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Moxifloxacin (M745000).<br>References Steinijans, V., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 29, 323 (1991), Haria, M., et al.: Drugs, 51, 585 (1996), Pickerill, K., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 20, 417(2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Moxifloxacin metabolite.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Estradiol (E888000).<br>References Zhu, B., et al.: Steroids, 70, 225 (2005); Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-S-benzyl-DL-cysteine (cas# 19538-71-7) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N,N'-(Ethane-d4-1,2-diyl)bis(2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetamide) is the labeled analogue of N,N'-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetamide) (E890330), an impurity of Lopinavir (L469480), a selective HIV protease inhibitor. An analogue of Ritonavir. Antiviral.<br>References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Vidarabine, is an antiviral drug which is active against herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses.<br>References Sneader, W., et al.: Drug Discovery, 258 (2005); Lee, W. W., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 82, 2648 (1960);<br></p>

<p>Applications Itraconazole Desethylene-seco-piperazine Di-N-formyl Impurity is a by-product in the synthesis of Itraconazole Desethylene-seco-piperazine Mono-N-formyl Impurity (I937520), which is an impurity of Itraconazole (I937500). Itraconazole is an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Espinel-Ingroff, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 26, 5 (1984), Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Iso Desloratadine Hydrochloride Salt is a degradation product of Desloratadine (D290250).<br>References Anon, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 266, 15575 (1991), Piwinski. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 457 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications An derivative of Codeine<br>References Okuda, S., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 12, 104 (1964),<br></p>

<p>Applications O6-Methyl-7,8-dihydro-6-isomorphine is an impurity of Hydromorphone(H714650), an analgesic(narcotic).<br>References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941), Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995), Keith, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19021 (1996), Pawar, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 563, 92 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Indomethacin Acyl-β-D-glucopyranuronic Acid Phenyl Ester is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Clindamycin (C580000) derivative. Used in the preparation of Clindamycin impurities.<br></p>

<p>Applications Aminoacetonitrile is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is a reagent used to synthesize dipeptide nitriles as reversible and potent cathepsin S inhibitors. It can also used to prepare substituted cyclic ureas as possible HIV protease inhibitors.<br>References Ward, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 5471 (2002); Wilkerson, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 4079 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-(4-(Aminomethyl)naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine is a potential impurity of Naftifine (N213100), an antimycotic allylamine. An antifungal (topical) agent.<br>References Georgopoulos, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 19, 386 (1981), Meingassner, J.C., et al.: J. Invest. Dermatol., 77, 444 (1981), Paltauf, F., et al.: Biochim Biophys. Acta, 712, 268 (1982), Aggarwal, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 56, 1509 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxybutynin-d10 Hydrochloride is a labeled analogue of Oxybutynin Chloride (O868525), an inhibitor of proliferation and supresses gene expression in bladder smooth muscle cells.<br>References Park, J.M., et al.: J. Urol., 162, 1110 (1999); Watson, M., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 127, 590 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light and Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Δ2-Cefadroxil is a derivative of Cefadroxil (C235750), a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Antibacterial.<br>References Buck, R.E., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 11, 324 (1977)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl 3-Mercaptopropanoate is a useful synthetic intermediate. It can be used to prepare acylaminobutyldecahydroisoquinolines with HIV protease-inhibiting activities. It can also be used to prepare new anti-MRSA cephalosporins (cephalosporins C zinc salt, C258750).<br>References Ghosh, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 1177 (1994); Cho, A., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 11, 137 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Sulfobenzaldehyde Sodium Salt, can be used for the preparation of a series of novel sulfonamide derivatives, as inhibitors of the enzyme histone deacetylase (HDAC) as a novel approach to the treatment of cancer.<br>References Finn, P., et al.: Helvetica Chimica Acta, 88 (7), 1630 (2005);<br></p>