Toxicology

Applications Deuterated Mycopheolate Mofetil, an immunosuppressant.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Lee, W.A., et al.: Pharm. Res., 7, 161 (1990), Bullingham, R.E.S., et al.: Transplant. Proc., 28, 925 (1996), Keown, P.A., et al.: Transplantation, 61, 1029 (1996),

Applications Deschloro-2-phenylthio-thiamethoxam is an impurity of thiamethoxam (T344180), which is a neonicotinoid insecticide. Reports show that when exposed to neonicotinid pesticides honeybees have probelms returnign home after foraging and bumblebee colonies grow poorly and produce fewer queens.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Oliver, J., et al.: J. Environ. Horticult., 28, 135 (2010), Ghosh, A., et al.: J. Entomol. Res., 34, 35 (2010), Chem. and Eng. News 90: 10 (2012)

Applications Labelled Fenthion, an organothiophosphate insecticide. Fenthion is also a potent acaricide.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Pati, B.R. et al.: Plant Soil, 80, 215 (1984); Barros, A.T. et al.: Vet. Parasitol., 96, 243 (2001); Kyriakidis, N.V. et al.: Food Chem., 91, 241 (2005);

Applications Triallate is a pesticide.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Schneider, M., et al.: J. Environ. Qual., 42, 844 (2013); Busi, R., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 69, 1379 (2013)

Applications Fusidic Acid Sodium Salt is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Fusidic Acid suppresses nitric oxide lysis of pancreatic islet cells. Inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes by inhibiting the ribosome-dependent activity of G factor and translocation of peptidyl-tRNA.
References Collignon, P., et al.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 12, S45 (1999); Di Marco, R., et al.: J. Autoimmun., 13, 187 (1999); Price, C.T., et al.: J. Antimicrob., Chemother., 44, 57 (1999)

Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity N
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Azithromycin (A927000) impurity. A degradation products of Azithromycin.
References Anon., et al.: Pharmaeuropa, 13, 750 (2001),

Applications A diruetic. An antihypertensive.
References Curry, C.L., et al.: Clin. Ther., 9, 47 (1986), Kiyingi, A., et al.: Lancet, 335, 29 (1990)

Applications Melperone is a neuroleptic butyrophenone. Melperone is also an antiarrhythmic agent. Melperone is an effective atypical antipsychotic drug used in the treatment of schizophrenia.
References Petersen, E.N. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 42, 388 (1978); Platou, E. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 50, 108 (1982); Bjerkenstedt, L. et al.: Acta Psych. Scand. Supp., 352, 35 (1989); Meltzer, H.Y. et al.: Psych. Res., 105, 201 (2001);

Applications H1 receptor antagonist. Anxiolytic. Antihistaminic.
References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Tsau, J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 7, 319 (1978)

Applications Xanthine oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor. Used for treatment of hyperuricemia and chronic gout. 40-120 mg/day febuxostat was proven effective in lowering serum urate levels when administered to manage hyperuricemia in patients with gout.
References Osada, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 241, 183 (1993), Okamoto, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1848 (2003), Mayer, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Therap., 12, 22 (2005), Tomlinson, B., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 6, 1168 (2005),

Applications Glyphosate-13C is an isotopic analog of Glyphosate (G765000) which is used as a herbicide.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Davis, V., et al.: Weed Sci., 57, 494 (2009), Bellaloui, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 9050 (2009),

Applications Ancymidol is a growth retardant found in plants. It affects a gibberellin-induced growth response, most likely by inhibiting gibberellin biosynthesis.
References Shive Jr., J.B., Sisler, H.D., Plant Physiol., 57, 640-644 (1976)

Applications Daclatasvir, inhibits the HCV protein NS5A, and thus can be used as a drug candidate for the treatment of hepatitis C (HCV).
References Gao, M., et al.: Nature, 465(7294), 96 (2010); Bell, T. W., Chem. Med. Chem., 5(10), 1663 (2010);

Applications The major glucuronide metabolite of Chloramphenicol (C325030).
References Simons, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 22, 1267 (1992), Kaji, H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 60 (2005),

Applications Linagliptin is a novel potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor with potential use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
References Prabavathy, N. et al.: Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 2, 438 (2011); Deacon, C.F.: Diab. Obes. Metab., 13, 7 (2011);

Applications An isotopically Labelled metabolite of Itraconazole, an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Saag, M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 32, 1 (1988), Haria, M., et al.: Drugs, 51, 585 (1996), Kousoulos, C., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 384,199 (2006),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A labelled metabolite of Bisphenol A.
References Zalko, D., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 28 (1998), Matthews, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxico., 14, 149 (2001), Kinjo, J., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 185 (2004), Murata, M., et al.: Biochemistry, 43, 2569 (2004),

Applications Labelled abalogue of Maleic Hydrazide, a compound used in plant growth regulator formulations.
References Calliera, M. et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 62, 1168 (2006); Berrada, H., et al.: Food Control. 21, 36 (2010); Nougadere, A. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 49, 1484 (2011);

Applications Lidocaine-d6 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Lidocaine Hydrochloride, a local anesthetic; antiarrhythmic (class IB). Long-acting, membrane stabilizing agent against ventricular arrhythmia. Originally developed as a local anesthetic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Duce, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 179, 580 (1971), Kronberg, G.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 16, 739 (1973), Groningsson, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 207 (1985), Davies, P.S., et al.: Drugs, 64, 937 (2004),

Stability Unstable in Solution
Applications Mesosulfuron-methyl can be used in biological study of targeted screening and safety evaluation of 276 agrochemical residues in raisins using buffered ethyl acetate extraction and liquid chromatography-​tandem mass spectrometry analysis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Shabeer, T. P. A., et al.: Chemosphere, 184, 1036 (2017)

Applications 2-Chlorobenzonitrile is an activated aryl chloride that is commonly used in reactions that involve the Palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of heteroaromatics (e.g. 3-aminopicolinic acid [A627800]). 2-Chlorobenzonitrile and its substituted derivatives (e.g. 2,3-dichloro-6-nitrobenzonitrile [2112-22-3]) also have potential anti-inflammatory properties.
References Andreu, M., et al.: Chem. Commun., 24, 2475 (2000); Hellman, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 21, 906 (1978); Roy, D., et al.: ACS Catal., 2, 1033 (2012);

Applications A highly selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist (with no anticholinergic, antiadrenergic, or antiserotonin activity) for use in the treatment of allergic disorders, especially rhinitis and urticaria.
References Simons, F.E.R.: Clin. Alp. Allergy, 29, 3 (1999); Brostoff, J. et al.: Allergy, 51, 251 (1996); Gensthaler, B.M.: Pharm. Zeit., 143, 228 (1998);

Applications 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic Acid (Isoferulic acid) is a hypoglycemic agent.
References Liu, I.-M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 307, 1196 (2003),

Applications Emamectin B1 Benzoate is a neurotoxic pesticidal compound. A potential anti-leukemia agent. Also applied in pesticidal screening and control techniques.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Li, H., et al.: Agr. Sci. Tech., 15, 1707 (2014); Tang, T., et al.: Zhiwu Baohu, 42, 222 (2016); Yun, X., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 52, 280 (2017)

Applications A metabolite of Atrazine (ATR) (A794600).
References Compton, D., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 110, 157 (1985), Das, P., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 59, 127 (2001), Das, P., et al.: Life Sci., 73, 3123 (2003), Coban, A., et al.: J. Neurochem., 100, 1177 (2007),

Applications Cefotaxime Bromoacetyl Analogue is an impurity of Cefotaxime (C242950), a broad spectrum third generation cephalosporin antibiotic
References Wise, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 14, 807 (1978), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 139 (1982),

Applications N,N-Dimethylnicotinamide-2-sulfonamide (cas# 112006-75-4) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Myristoyl-L-carnitine-d3 Hydrochloride is labelled Myristoyl-L-carnitine Hydrochloride (M884745), a long-chain fatty ester of carnitine which is accumulated and released into the circulation, in fatty-acid oxidation defects. Pattern of Lauroyl-L-carnitine can be diagnostic for a number of ß-oxidation defects.
References Ventura, F., et al.: Clinica Chimica Acta, 281, 1 (1999); Pourfarzam, M., et al.: Clinical Chem,, 40, 2267 (1994); Schaefer, J., et al.: Pediatric Res., 37, 354 (1995)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A histamine H2-receptor antagonist which inhibits gastric acid secretion. Antiulcerative.
References Bradshaw, J., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 66, 464 (1979), Berstad, A., et al.: Scand. J. Gastroenterol, 15, 637 (1980), Hohnjec, M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 533 (1986),

Applications Labelled Propofol β-D-Glucuronide methyl ester (P829810). Propofol β-D-Glucuronide methyl ester is a precursor to metabolite Propofol β-D-Glucuronide (P829780).

Applications Growth hormone-release inhibiting factor; treatment of severe, acute hemorrhage of gastroduodenal ulcers; experimental antidiabetic.
References Brazeau, P., et al.: Science, 179, 77 (1973), Siler, T.M., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37, 632 (1973), Pradayrol, L., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 85, 701 (1978), Mandarino, L., et al.: Nature, 291, 76 (1981),

Impurity Oxifloxacin EP Impurity F
Applications Levofloxacin N-oxide is an impurity of Ofloxacin (O245750), which is a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.
References Horstkotter, C., et al.: J. Chromatography Biomed. Sci. Appli., 754, 169 (2001); Monk, J.P., et al.: Drugs, 33, 346 (1987), Drlica, K., Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2, 504 (1990)

Impurity Clindamycin Phosphate EP Impurity F
Applications Lincomycin 2-Phosphate (Clindamycin Phosphate EP Impurity F) is the derivative of Lincomycin (L466200), a lincosamide antibiotic that forms cross-links within the peptidyl transferase loop region of the 23S rRNA. Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Antibacterial.
References Mason, D.J., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 555 (1962), Gray, et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 6, 476 (1964), Muti, H.Y., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 269 (1994),

Applications 4-Hydroxy Coumarin is a plant derived antioxidant, protecting against lipid peroxidation, as well as a potential inhibitor of HIV-1 Integrase.
References Foti, M. et al.: J. Agric. F., 44, 497 (1996); J. Med. Chem., 40, 242 (1997);

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications A novel pharmaceutical compound based on PDE IV inhibitors; used in the treatment of respiratory complaints.
References Gomez, et al.: Br. J. Anaesth., 74, 549 (1995),

Applications A potentially related compound in cephalosporin antibacterial compounds. An isomer of Cefuroxime (C248050).
References Chavette, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 9, 741 (1966), Miyouchi, M., et al.: J. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 1906 (1990), Sugioka, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 1998 (1990),