Toxicology

<p>Applications A new antitumor derivative of Vinblastine; a dimeric Vinca alkaloid for cancer therapy.<br>References Chakravarty, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 26(5), 638 (1983), Christensson., et al.: Eu.r J. Biochem., 194, 755 (1990), Mayer, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 3029 (1991), Yu, H., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 27, 75 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Androsterone glucuronide (ADT-G) is one of the major circulating C19-steroid metabolites in humans. Exaggerated Androsterone (A637535) metabolism is observed in hyper-androgenic as well as in some normo-androgenic women with acne and androsterone glucuronide could be a marker in differentiating acne and hirsutism in hyperandrogenic women.<br>References Thompson, D.L. et al.: Clin. Endocrinol., 32, 283 (1990); Stener-Victorin, E. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 95, 810 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dicamba is a herbicide. Dicamba functions by increasing plant growth rate. At sufficient concentrations, the plant outgrows its nutrient supplies and dies. Dicamba has been approved by the EPA for use on genetically modified soybeans and cotton.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br>References Oehler, D.D., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 28, 685 (1980); Griffin, J., et al.: Weed Techno., 27, 696 (2013); Chem. and Eng. News, Nov. 14, 2016, p. 17<br></p>

<p>Applications Antitussive. Chain between 6 and 17 units of ethylene glycol with the major product containing 10 units.<br>References Scholtissek, C., et al.: Antiviral Res., 38, 213 (1998), McGovern, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 1712 (2002), Regenthal, R., et al.: Hum. Exp. Toxicol., 21, 343 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications An immunosuppressant that has revolutionized organ transplantation through its use in the prevention of graft rejection.A group of nonpolar cyclic oligopeptides with immunosupppressant activity.<br>References van Wartburg, A., et al.: Prog. Med. Chem., 25, 1 (1988), Jorgensen, K.A., et al.: Scand. J. Imunol., 57, 93 (2003), Vollenbroeker, et al.: Transplant. Proc., 37, 1741 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Aniline. Arylamines are predominantly conjugated by constitutive enzyme forms in the liver.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Axelrod, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 232 835 (1958), Lilienblum, W., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 33, 2041 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Combined dopamine (D2) and serotonin (5HT2) receptor antagonist. Antipsychotic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sainati, S.M., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 35, 713 (1995), Szewczak, M.R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 274, 1404 (1995), Kongsamut, S., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 317, 417 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications KU-0058948 is a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. Studies show that KU-0058948 is a potent agonist that activates transfected extracellular signal-regulated kinase 8 (ERK8) in cells. KU-0058948 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of primary myeloid leukemic cells and myeloid leukemic cell lines in vitro<br>References Klevernic, I.V. et al.: FEBS Lett., 583, 680 (2009); Gaymes, T.J. et al.: Haematologica, 94, 638 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Dacarbazine (D101400). Dacarbazine is used as an antineoplastic for treatment of malignant melanoma and sarcomas.<br>References Shealy, et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 11, 674 (1962), Carter, et al.: Eur. J. Cancer, 8, 85 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications Perampanel is a novel, noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist for the treatment of epilepsy. Also in the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Perampanel is a selective non-competitive α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor antagonist that reduces neuronal excitation (1,2,3,4).<br>References (1) Shih, J., et al.: Therap. Clinical Risk Management, 9, 285 (2013)(2) Rogawski, M. A., et al.: Epilepsy Curr., 11, 56 (2011)(3) Franco, V., et al.: Ther Drug Monit. 38, 744 (2016) (4) Rudzinski, L. A., et al.: J Investig Med. 64, 1087 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbocisteine is a mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders ranging from the influenza virus infection to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).<br>References Stevenson, G.B. et al.: Eur. Resp. J., 27, 865 (2006); Suer, E. et al.: J. Infect. Chemother., 14, 333 (2008); Yamaya, M. et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 299, L160 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Lofentanil is a very potent and long-acting opiate agonist.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lembeck, F., Donnerer, J.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 114, 241 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications CP 1282 is the tautomer of the antibiotic Cefotetan (C242970) with similar degradation rates.<br>References Koshiro, A. et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 37, 1864 (1989); Naber, K. et al.: Zeitsch. Antmickrob. Antineoplast. Chemother., 2, 161 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Mirtazapine (M365000). This compounds contains some of the alpha anomer.<br>References Sandker, G., et al.: Xenobiotica, 24, 143 (1994), Dahl, M., et al.: Clin. Drug Invest., 13, 37 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(Trifluoromethyl)nicotinoyl Glycine-13C2,15N is the isotope labelled analog of 4-(Trifluoromethyl)nicotinoyl Glycine (T791375); a metabolite of Flonicamid (F405710), which is a novel insecticide with rapid inhibitory effect against aphid feeding.<br>References Lee, Sung Woo., et al.: J. Chrom. A., 1218(28), 4366-4377 (2011); Hengel, Matt J., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 55(20), 8033-8039 (2007); Morita, M., et al.: Pest. Manag. Sci.,63, 969 (2007); Sabatino, L., et al.: Food. Additive. Contamin., 6, 11 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (cas# 33252-63-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>