Benzenes

<p>2-Bromo-5-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (2BB) is a phenoxy activator that activates the glucokinase activator. It has been shown to have a glucose lowering effect in both animal and human studies. 2BB is orally bioavailable and has an allosteric mode of action, which means it works by binding to the allosteric site on the enzyme's active site, thereby increasing its activity. It binds to the benzamide of glucokinase, which causes an increase in glucose uptake and utilization by cells. 2BB is being studied for use as an oral treatment for type II diabetes mellitus.</p>

<p>2-Cyanobenzaldehyde is an aldehyde that reacts with nucleophiles such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to form a molecule. 2-Cyanobenzaldehyde has potent inhibitory activity against the kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and can be used to treat autoimmune diseases. It also reacts with hydrochloric acid in solution to form an intermediate, which is then reacted with glycine and ATP to produce a chiral compound. The product of this reaction has been shown to be active methylene, which was synthesized by asymmetric synthesis.</p>