Pharmaceutical Standards
Pharmaceutical standards are a comprehensive set of reference materials essential for ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of pharmaceutical products. This category includes standards for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which are the core components responsible for therapeutic effects. Additionally, it covers compounds and metabolites relevant to both the pharmaceutical and veterinary industries, providing benchmarks for the accurate measurement and analysis of these substances. Nitrosamine control standards are crucial for detecting and mitigating potentially harmful nitrosamines in drug formulations. Toxicology standards help assess the safety and potential adverse effects of pharmaceutical compounds. Furthermore, enzyme activators and inhibitors standards are vital for research and development, enabling precise studies of biochemical pathways and drug mechanisms. These pharmaceutical standards are indispensable tools for regulatory compliance, quality control, and research, ensuring that pharmaceutical products meet stringent safety and effectiveness criteria.
Subcategories of "Pharmaceutical Standards"
- APIs for research and impurities(274,823 products)
- Enzyme Activators and Inhibitors(2,827 products)
- Nitrosamines(2,605 products)
- Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Compounds and Metabolites(2,867 products)
- Toxicology(13,652 products)
Found 7836 products of "Pharmaceutical Standards"
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3,3'-Dimethylazoxybenzene
CAS:<p>3,3'-Dimethylazoxybenzene is a methylating agent that reacts with an amine to form a triflate. The reactivity of the methylating agent is determined by the electron-donating ability of the methyl group. 3,3'-Dimethylazoxybenzene reacts with electron-poor amines such as aromatic amines to form alkyltriflates. This reaction is not reversible and can lead to DNA damage in cells, which may contribute to cancer formation.</p>Formula:C14H14N2OPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:226.27 g/molAtazanavir sulfate
CAS:<p>Anti-viral; HIV protease inhibitor</p>Formula:C38H52N6O7·H2SO4Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:802.94 g/mol6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid
CAS:<p>6-Methoxy-2-naphthoic acid (MN) is a cavity amide that has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells. MN has been found to be more effective in inhibiting β-amyrin than caffeine, which may be due to its increased lipophilicity. It also has a higher affinity for adriamycin and enhances its anticancer effects. MN has been shown to be beneficial in treating diabetic patients, as it can reduce blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin release. The pharmacokinetic properties of MN are similar to those of other cavity amides, with rapid absorption and distribution throughout the body. This compound is metabolized in the liver by CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 enzymes. Molecular docking analysis of MN with β-amyrin showed that there was a strong interaction between them due to their complementary shapes and charge distributions</p>Formula:C12H10O3Purity:Min. 98 Area-%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:202.21 g/mol4-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester
CAS:<p>4-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester is a chemical compound that is used as a synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of drugs. 4-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester can be prepared by reductive amination of an acyl chloride with an amine, followed by reaction with methanol. This chemical intermediate is used in the synthesis of the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax, which inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in lymphoma cells. 4-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester also has been shown to inhibit the activity of amidating enzymes and transferases, suggesting it may have potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.</p>Formula:C8H7FO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:170.14 g/molTropaeolin O sodium salt
CAS:<p>Tropaeolin O sodium salt is a reactive dye that possesses the ability to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups. Tropaeolin O sodium salt has been used in pharmaceutical preparations as a dye for serum and urine samples. It is also used as an indicator for the presence of fatty acids in human serum. The reactive dye is cationic and can be used to detect anionic surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, which are commonly found in detergents and soaps. Tropaeolin O sodium salt exhibits synchronous fluorescence when it reacts with hydroxyl ions. This property can be useful for detecting the presence of hydrochloric acid in a sample or identifying p-hydroxybenzoic acid (a product of human metabolism) in urine samples.</p>Formula:C12H9N2O5SNaPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:316.27 g/mol1,1'-Azonaphthalene - 80%
CAS:<p>1,1'-Azonaphthalene is a quinoid that produces an azobenzene with a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. This azobenzene is used as a model system for the study of enzyme inducers. It acts as an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in murine hepatoma models. 1,1'-Azonaphthalene also reacts with dimethyl fumarate to form the dichroic compound with high optical activity. The asymmetric synthesis of 1,1'-azonaphthalene is achieved by using catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation with rhodium on carbon as a catalyst. Reaction mechanism studies have revealed that 1,1'-azonaphthalene can be converted into aromatic hydrocarbons by reacting with aliphatic hydrocarbons.</p>Formula:C20H14N2Purity:Min. 80%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:282.34 g/mol3-Hydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester
CAS:3-Hydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, an organic compound with CAS number [31827-04-0], is classified as an indole derivative - a type of heterocyclic organic compound. It has potential applications as a building block in organic synthesis as well as other areas such as in pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries due to its biological activity.Formula:C10H9NO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:191.18 g/mol2,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid
CAS:<p>2,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid (2,4-DHCA) is a naturally occurring compound that is synthesized by the shikimate pathway. 2,4-DHCA has been shown to inhibit the growth of influenza virus in cell culture. 2,4-DHCA may provide protection from influenza in humans and animals by inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 from cells. This anti-inflammatory effect has been observed in animal models for various inflammatory diseases including arthritis and asthma.</p>Formula:C9H8O4Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:180.16 g/molIsatin bis-cresol
CAS:<p>Isatin bis-cresol is a silicon-containing compound that can be used as a viscosity modifier and stabilizer in polymers. Isatin bis-cresol has shown resistance to degradation by water, alkali, and acid. It also has a high formation rate and can be used for the production of functionalized polymers such as polycarbonates or phosphonium salts. Isatin bis-cresol is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, which makes it an ideal candidate for use in transesterification reactions. Isatin bis-cresol contains three functional groups: phenolic (OH), carboxylic acid (COOH), and alcohol (OH).</p>Formula:C22H19NO3Purity:Min. 98 Area-%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:345.39 g/mol4'-Fluoroacetophenone
CAS:<p>4'-Fluoroacetophenone is an organic molecule that is used for wastewater treatment. It reacts with amine groups to form a covalent bond. 4'-Fluoroacetophenone can be used to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increase the rate of cellular respiration, which may help treat cancer. The chemical structure of 4'-fluoroacetophenone includes hydrogen bonds, nucleophilic substitutions, and acylation reactions. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm for this molecule has been determined to be linear.</p>Formula:C8H7FOPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Clear LiquidMolecular weight:138.14 g/molDarunavir Ethanolate
CAS:<p>Darunavir is a HIV-1 protease inhibitor used orally in the treatment of patients with multi-drug resistant HIV-1 infection (Ghosh, 2007). It has also been shown to be effective against other infectious diseases such as hepatitis C virus and SARS coronavirus. Metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoenzymes, darunavir is often administered together with ritonavir that prolongs its bioavaiability, giving a terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) of 15 hours (Back, 2008). The effect of darunavir on natural compounds such as matrix proteins and toll-like receptor activity has also been studied via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) experiments.</p>Formula:C27H37N3O7S·C2H6OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:White PowderMolecular weight:593.73 g/mol3-Nitrophenol
CAS:<p>3-Nitrophenol is an organic compound that is used in wastewater treatment, specifically to remove nitrogenous compounds from the water. It reacts with a hydroxyl group and a nitro group to form a molecule with three nitro groups. The presence of this molecule in wastewater can lead to population growth, which may be reduced by thermal expansion. 3-Nitrophenol is also used as an electrode for gravimetric analysis of metals and as a reagent for the detection of sodium ions. This compound has been shown to have a ph optimum of 7.5, but will react with hydrogen bonds at any ph value.</p>Formula:C6H5NO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:139.11 g/mol4-Amino-3-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester
CAS:<p>4-Amino-3-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester is a reactive molecule that has been used as a radiotracer for positron emission tomography (PET). It is also used in the synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides and hybridization probes. 4-Amino-3-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester is not soluble in water, but it can be dissolved in organic solvents such as acetone or methanol. This compound has shown to have anticancer activity and may be useful for treating cancers of the brain, breast, colon, lung, prostate, and stomach.</p>Formula:C9H11NO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:181.19 g/mol2,4,5,6-Tetramethoxyacetophenone
CAS:<p>2,4,5,6-Tetramethoxyacetophenone is a versatile building block that can be used as an intermediate in the production of complex compounds and speciality chemicals. This compound is a useful scaffold for research chemicals and reaction components. It has CAS No. 7508-05-6 and a high quality.</p>Formula:C12H16O5Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:240.25 g/mol1,3-Dipropylurea
CAS:<p>1,3-Dipropylurea is a nucleophilic organic compound. It is soluble in organic solvents such as benzyl alcohol, nitrous oxide, and ethylene glycol. It also has a constant boiling point of 215°C at atmospheric pressure. The reaction rate for the formation of 1,3-dipropylurea from benzaldehyde and propylene oxide is dependent on the solvent used. The yields are higher in polar solvents such as nitrous oxide or ethylene glycol than in nonpolar solvents like benzene or hexane. This reaction can be catalyzed by cyanoborohydride and the use of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium tert-butoxide speeds up the reaction rate considerably.</p>Formula:C7H16N2OPurity:Min. 97 Area-%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:144.21 g/mol3-(4'-Bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol
CAS:3-(4'-Bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of bromonaphthalenes. It has been used as a reaction component in organic synthesis and as a reagent for detection of DNA binding. 3-(4'-Bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol can be used as a building block for complex compounds with speciality applications. The compound is an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals such as selective estrogen receptor modulators.Formula:C22H19BrOPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:379.29 g/moltrans-Cinnamaldehyde
CAS:Cinnamaldehyde is a natural compound that has shown to have antiviral and antimicrobial properties. It has been shown to inhibit the toll-like receptor, which is a protein on the surface of cells that detects bacteria and other microorganisms. Cinnamaldehyde is also able to inhibit c. glabrata growth in vitro at concentrations between 10 and 100 μM, as well as copper-mediated cell death in hl-60 cells. Cinnamaldehyde has been shown to cause neuronal death by interfering with cellular physiology. This compound can be used in the treatment of infectious diseases because it inhibits bacterial dna gyrase, dna topoisomerase, and rna synthesis.Formula:C9H8OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:132.16 g/molL-Methionine sulfone
CAS:<p>L-Methionine sulfone is an enzyme substrate that is a potent antagonist of glutamate, the α subunit of aspartate aminotransferase, and proteolytic enzymes. L-Methionine sulfone inhibits protein synthesis by competitively inhibiting uptake of methionine into the cell. This compound has been shown to have inhibitory properties in tissue culture assays and also has potent antagonistic effects on glutamate, the α subunit of aspartate aminotransferase, and proteolytic enzymes. L-Methionine sulfone inhibits protein synthesis by competitively inhibiting uptake of methionine into the cell. This compound has been shown to have inhibitory properties in tissue culture assays and also has potent antagonistic effects on glutamate, the α subunit of aspartate aminotransferase, and proteolytic enzymes.</p>Formula:C5H11NO4SPurity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:181.21 g/mol(2-Naphthyloxy)acetyl chloride
CAS:<p>(2-Naphthyloxy)acetyl chloride is an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, which is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde. It has been shown to be active against grapevine, but not against the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (2-Naphthyloxy)acetyl chloride inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase with a potency comparable to hexanol and ethylene glycol. It also inhibits esterases, which may account for its inhibitory effect on vinifera l. (2-Naphthyloxy)acetyl chloride has been shown to be more selective in inhibiting both alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases than hexanol or ethylene glycol.</p>Formula:C12H9ClO2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Off-White PowderMolecular weight:220.65 g/mol2'-Aminoacetanilide
CAS:<p>2'-Aminoacetanilide is a colorless, crystalline compound that is soluble in water and has a bitter taste. It is used as an acidity regulator in food products, particularly bakery products. 2'-Aminoacetanilide can be found naturally in some microflora, such as lactic acid bacteria. <br>2'-Aminoacetanilide is an aromatic amine that contains both primary amino and functional groups. It is nucleophilic and reacts with proton by nucleophilic attack to form the corresponding amide or carbonyl group. 2'-Aminoacetanilide also has the ability to react with nitro compounds to form an amido-nitro adduct.</p>Formula:C8H10N2OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:150.18 g/molL-Fucono-gamma-lactone
CAS:<p>L-Fucono-gamma-lactone is a compound that has been identified as a possible antibiotic for the treatment of multidrug resistant bacteria. L-Fucono-gamma-lactone inhibits the growth of bacterial cells by binding to the enzyme 4-deoxy-L-fucose dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of 4-deoxy-L-fucose to L-fuconate. This binding prevents the formation of L-fuconate, which is required for cell growth. The structural biology and bioinformatics analysis have shown that L-Fucono gamma lactone may be an effective inhibitor of bacterial enzymes, such as dehydrogenases and hexokinases. These enzymes are important for maintaining cellular energy levels and preventing cell death.</p>Formula:C6H10O5Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:White PowderMolecular weight:162.14 g/molNelotanserin
CAS:<p>1-[3-(4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)urea is the active ingredient in a drug that is used to treat chronic schizophrenia. It has been shown to have both antipsychotic and antidepressant properties. The drug works by blocking the 5HT2A receptor, which inhibits the effects of serotonin on heterocyclic amines at the postsynaptic membrane. This causes hyperpolarization of the membrane, which blocks neurotransmitter release and prevents further transmission of signals. It also blocks the H1 receptor, which decreases histamine release and reduces inflammation in the brain.</p>Formula:C18H15BrF2N4O2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:437.24 g/molCresol red
CAS:<p>Cresol red is a weak diacidic molecule and an anionic dye largely used in genetic and biochemical studies. Cresol red is commonly used to measure the pH of aqueous solutions also from environmental samples, e.g. seawater (Byrne, 1989). Cresol red shows an increased protonation in acidic water-based solutions at low temperatures (Heger, 2006). Cresol red can be used to introduce pH-sensing features to sensing materials, such as, optical fibres or nanoparticles (Islam, 2021).</p>Formula:C21H18O5SColor and Shape:Brown Red PowderMolecular weight:382.43 g/mol2,3,5-Trimethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide
CAS:<p>The reaction of 2,3,5-trimethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide with hydrogen peroxide is an example of a peroxide reaction. The HOOH molecule is a nucleophilic and attacks the CNO group. This leads to the formation of a new bond between the oxygen and carbon atoms in the molecule. The oxygen atom then becomes an oxidizing agent, which can react with other molecules in order to form more products. In this reaction, hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent to produce chlorine gas, water vapor, and nitric oxide gas. The reaction can be summarized as follows: 2CNO + 3HOOH → 4CO + 2O + 3N2O + 3HO2</p>Formula:C8H10N2O3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:182.18 g/mol2-(2,4-Dinitrophenoxy)ethanol
CAS:<p>2-(2,4-Dinitrophenoxy)ethanol is a glycol ether that has been shown to be an effective nucleophile in nucleophilic substitution reactions. It is a colorless liquid with a boiling point of between 204°C and 205°C. 2-(2,4-Dinitrophenoxy)ethanol reacts with deionized water in the presence of ethylene to produce a crystalline precipitate. The product can be recrystallized from ethanol/water or purified by chromatography on silica gel. This chemical can also be used as an activated nucleophile in the synthesis of spirocyclic compounds and isomeric ketones. 2-(2,4-Dinitrophenoxy)ethanol is toxic and may cause severe skin burns if it comes into contact with unprotected skin. It is also environmentally hazardous when released into the environment because it breaks down slowly and may accumulate in soil or water systems.</p>Formula:C8H8N2O6Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:228.16 g/molSoyasaponin Ba
CAS:<p>Inhibits L-iodose and HNE reduction; aldose reductase inhibitor</p>Formula:C48H78O19Purity:Min. 98 Area-%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:959.12 g/molIpratropium bromide
CAS:<p>Muscarinic antagonist</p>Formula:C20H30BrNO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:412.36 g/mol2'-Bromo-5'-methoxyacetophenone
CAS:<p>2'-Bromo-5'-methoxyacetophenone is a perchloric acid catalyst that can be used in the synthesis of ketones, methyl ketones, and other organic compounds. Bromination reactions are catalyzed by hypobromous acid (HOBr), which is generated from bromine and HOCl. The reaction is typically initiated with an acid catalyst such as 2'-bromo-5'-methoxyacetophenone.</p>Formula:C9H9BrO2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Clear LiquidMolecular weight:229.07 g/mol4-Azidocoumarin
CAS:<p>4-Azidocoumarin is a fluorescent molecule that binds to human serum albumin with a high affinity. The binding constants for the 4-azidocoumarin-albumin complexes are dependent on the pH and the concentration of the protein. It is also used as a fluorophore in research to study biomolecular interactions. 4-Azidocoumarin has an enhancement effect on other molecules, such as benzophenone, which fluoresces at a longer wavelength than it would without the presence of 4-azidocoumarin. The hydroxyl group of 4-azidocoumarin acts as an acceptor for electrons from other molecules, while the dipole constant determines how easily electrons can be transferred between molecules. The microenvironment around 4-azidocoumarin affects its fluorescence properties by influencing its electron transfer rate, which in turn depends on the distance between the donor and acceptor molecules and their relative orientation to</p>Formula:C9H5N3O2Purity:Min. 97 Area-%Color and Shape:Yellow PowderMolecular weight:187.16 g/mol4-Chlorocinnamic acid
CAS:<p>4-Chlorocinnamic acid is a malonic acid derivative and one of the cinnamic acid derivatives that has been shown to inhibit many chemical reactions. It inhibits the production of tyrosinase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of tyrosinase to 4-hydroxycinnamic acid. 4-Chlorocinnamic acid also inhibits the growth of Candida glabrata in vitro. The effect on candida is due to its ability to inhibit the production of hydroxyl group and aromatic hydrocarbon, both of which are required for candida's survival. 4-Chlorocinnamic acid binds with aryl halide and neutral ph, preventing it from reacting with other substances.</p>Formula:C9H7ClO2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:182.6 g/mol2',4'-Dichloroacetophenone
CAS:<p>2',4'-Dichloroacetophenone is a chemical intermediate used in the treatment of wastewater. It reacts with chloride ions to form 2,4-dichloro-5-chlorobenzene-1,3-diol (2,4-DCD) and dichloroacetic acid (DCAA). DCDA is an inhibitor of the synthesis of triazole antifungal agents. In addition to its use as an intermediate, 2',4'-Dichloroacetophenone has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of the enzyme carbonyl reductase and can also serve as a precursor for the synthesis of other chemicals. The reaction products are geometric isomers that differ only in their orientation about the double bond. This product's molecular weight is 188.27 g/mol and its melting point is 53 °C.</p>Formula:C8H6Cl2OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:189.04 g/mol4-Cyano-2-fluorobenzoic acid methyl ester
CAS:<p>4-Cyano-2-fluorobenzoic acid methyl ester is a versatile building block for complex compounds. It can be used as a reagent to synthesize other compounds and as a speciality chemical with high quality. This chemical is also an intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds, such as 4-cyano-2-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester, which has been shown to be useful in the synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics.</p>Formula:C9H6FNO2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:179.15 g/molBiotin-PEG12-NHS
CAS:<p>Biotin-PEG12-NHS is a PEG compound with two different functional groups (also known as heterobifunctional). Unlike homobifunctional PEG compounds (same functional group on both ends), this type of compounds are more versatile as have two different anchor points. Biotin-PEG12-NHS is used as a linker and spacer to add a PEG moiety, via pegylation (a bioconjugation technique) to proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, small molecules and nanoparticles.</p>Formula:C41H72N4O18SPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:White To Off-White SolidMolecular weight:941.09 g/mol11-Keto budesonide (mixture of diastereomers)
CAS:Controlled Product<p>11-Keto budesonide is a high quality, reagent, complex compound, useful intermediate and fine chemical. It is a versatile building block that can be used in the synthesis of other compounds. 11-Keto budesonide is used as a reaction component and as a research chemical. 11-Keto budesonide has been shown to be effective as an anti-inflammatory agent and has been studied for its use in treating asthma.</p>Formula:C25H32O6Purity:Min. 90 Area-%Color and Shape:White PowderMolecular weight:428.52 g/mol3-Nitro-o-cresol
CAS:<p>3-Nitro-o-cresol is a chlorinated aromatic compound that has been shown to be an inhibitor of the enzyme catalase. Catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. 3-Nitro-o-cresol inhibits this reaction by binding to the heme group in the enzyme, which prevents it from binding with molecular oxygen. This chemical also has a vibrational frequency of 1225 cm−1 and a molecular weight of 171.2 g/mol. 3-Nitro-o-cresol can be used as an antimicrobial agent against organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in liquid phase systems.</p>Formula:C7H7NO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:153.14 g/mol2,2'-Dithiobisbenzoic acid
CAS:<p>2,2'-Dithiobisbenzoic acid (DTBA) is a chemical compound that has been used as a cross-linking agent for proteins and nucleic acids. DTBA is an aromatic hydrocarbon that can be synthesized from the reaction of sodium carbonate and hydrogen chloride. DTBA's stability in organic solvents makes it a useful reagent for protein cross-linking studies. It can also be used to measure hydrogen bond strengths between two molecules.</p>Formula:C14H10O4S2Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:306.36 g/molMethyl 4-nitrocinnamate
CAS:<p>Methyl 4-nitrocinnamate is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of cancer. Methyl 4-nitrocinnamate is an analog of cinnamic acid and has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in experimental models. The structural modifications that have been made to methyl 4-nitrocinnamate allow it to be more potent than cinnamic acid. This compound has also shown activity against other types of cancer cells, including breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers. Methyl 4-nitrocinnamate binds to diphenolase enzymes and inhibits their activity, which may lead to its anticancer effects.</p>Formula:C10H9NO4Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:207.18 g/mol7-Methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylicacid
CAS:<p>7-Methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (MC) is a potent inhibitor of metalloendopeptidases and cyclic peptide receptors. MC has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis, leading to apoptotic cell death. It has also been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. The fluorophore 7-methoxycoumarin is derived from the natural product coumarin and can be used as a fluorescent probe for hydrogen bonding in molecular modeling studies.</p>Formula:C11H8O5Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:220.18 g/mol5-(2-Fluorovinyl)-2'-Deoxyuridine
CAS:5-(2-Fluorovinyl)-2'-Deoxyuridine is a hydrophobic analogue of acyclovir that has potent activity against herpes simplex virus type 1. It inhibits the synthesis of viral DNA, and thus prevents the formation of plaques in tissue culture. This drug also inhibits cell proliferation and viral production by l1210 cells as well as lung fibroblasts. 5-(2-Fluorovinyl)-2'-Deoxyuridine has shown inhibitory effects against uninfected cells, but not against cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2.Formula:C11H13FN2O5Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:272.23 g/molEthyl 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylate
CAS:<p>Ethyl 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylate is a coumarin derivative that acts as a selective and potent inhibitor of the adenosine A3 receptor. It has been shown to inhibit growth of cancer cells in vitro, and it also inhibits the proliferation of S.aureus. Ethyl 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylate binds to the α subunit in an irreversible manner, inhibiting its function. This compound has been used to study plant physiology and homogeneous catalysis.</p>Formula:C12H10O5Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:234.2 g/mol2,2'-(Diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-methylpropanimidamide) dihydrochloride
CAS:<p>2,2'-(Diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(2-methylpropanimidamide) dihydrochloride (BPDC) is a synthetic compound that is used as an analytical reagent and a model system for oxidative injury. It has significant cytotoxicity on human cells in cell culture. BPDC induces oxidative damage to proteins and DNA by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. The mechanism of action is not well understood but may be due to Toll-like receptor signalling pathways. This compound has been shown to inhibit the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and catalase. It also inhibits the activity of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8. BPDC is being investigated for its potential use in bowel disease treatment.</p>Formula:C8H20Cl2N6Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:271.19 g/molPenicillin G procaine
CAS:Controlled Product<p>Penicillin G procaine is a form of penicillin that is commonly used to treat bacterial infections. It is a prodrug that undergoes hydrolysis in the body to release penicillin, its active form. Penicillin G procaine has been shown to be effective against Streptococcus pyogenes, which causes streptococcal pharyngitis, and other bacteria that are sensitive to penicillin. Penicillin G procaine is less toxic than other forms of penicillin and has minimal side effects. The pharmacological effects of the drug are due primarily to the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan precursors and blocking their cross-linking. The concentration–time curve for penicillin G procaine shows that it has a long half-life in humans, making it suitable for continuous treatment in patients with chronic infections.</p>Formula:C16H18N2O4S·C13H20N2O2Purity:Min. 95%Molecular weight:570.7 g/mol(R)-BoroLeu-(+)-pinanediol-trifluoroacetate
CAS:<p>(R)-BoroLeu-(+)-pinanediol-trifluoroacetate is a complex compound with CAS No. 179324-87-9 and can be used as a reagent, useful intermediate, or fine chemical. It is a versatile building block that can be used in the synthesis of speciality chemicals, research chemicals, and reaction components. This compound has been reported to be a useful scaffold for the synthesis of novel compounds that could have applications in medicine, such as anti-cancer drugs and antibiotics.</p>Formula:C17H29BF3NO4Color and Shape:White Off-White PowderMolecular weight:379.22 g/mol3'-Iodo-4'-methoxyacetophenone
CAS:<p>3'-Iodo-4'-methoxyacetophenone is a chemical compound that is used in the synthesis of other organic compounds. It is a byproduct of the reaction between acetophenone and iodomethane. 3'-Iodo-4'-methoxyacetophenone is soluble in most solvents, such as ethanol, ether, chloroform, and acetone. The compound has a CAS number of 79324-77-9.</p>Formula:C9H9IO2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:276.07 g/molent-Fisetinidol-(4α->8)-catechin-(6->4α)-ent-fisetinidol
CAS:Ent-Fisetinidol-(4alpha->8)-catechin-(6->4alpha)-ent-fisetinidol is a complex flavan-3-ol oligomer, which is a type of polyphenolic compound commonly found in various plant species. This compound is derived primarily from plants such as those in the genus *Acacia* and other similar species rich in condensed tannins. The mode of action of this oligomer involves its ability to engage in antioxidant activities, which include scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions that facilitate oxidative stress in biological systems.Formula:C45H38O16Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:834.77 g/molb-Propiolactone
CAS:Controlled Product<p>b-Propiolactone is a plant extract that is found in soybeans. It has been shown to have antiviral properties and can inhibit the growth of certain viruses. b-Propiolactone binds to the active site of an enzyme called RNA polymerase, which blocks RNA synthesis and inhibits viral replication. This compound has also been shown to inhibit virus replication in vitro assays as well as antibody response against hepatitis B. The biological effects of b-propiolactone are thought to be due to its ability to bind with group p2 protein monoclonal antibodies, which may have implications for the prevention of pandemic influenza.</p>Formula:C3H4O2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:Clear LiquidMolecular weight:72.06 g/mol3-Keto cholesterol
CAS:Controlled Product3-Keto cholesterol is a substance that is naturally found in the body. It is an intermediate in the production of bile acids and cholesterol, which are necessary for digestion. 3-Keto cholesterol is also involved in the synthesis of other substances, including vitamin D and steroid hormones. 3-Keto cholesterol has been shown to play a role in the prevention of coronary heart disease, as it has antioxidant properties and can prevent oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). 3-Keto cholesterol can also inhibit viral life by blocking toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathways. This prevents inflammatory responses caused by TLR4 activation, which may be related to atherosclerosis.Formula:C27H44OPurity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:White PowderMolecular weight:384.64 g/molL-Tyrosine tert-butyl ester
CAS:<p>L-Tyrosine tert-butyl ester is a hydrophobic analog of L-tyrosine. It is a competitive inhibitor of ATP, which slows down the second order rate constant. It also has the ability to reduce lipid hydroperoxides and maintain atp levels in cells that have been irradiated with ultraviolet light. The crystal x-ray diffraction pattern of this molecule suggests that it might be an octameric molecule, which would explain its hydrophobic properties. Its structure may be rationalized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the tyrosine and tert-butyl esters.</p>Formula:C13H19NO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:White PowderMolecular weight:237.29 g/mol7-Ketocholesterol
CAS:Controlled Product<p>7-Ketocholesterol is a reactive molecule that can induce inflammation and has been shown to be associated with eye disorders. 7-Ketocholesterol is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and is converted to 7-keto-cholesterol by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. This compound has also been shown to be a potent inducer of autophagy, which is a process that degrades intracellular components. 7-Ketocholesterol binds to cell nuclei and alters their shape, which may lead to cancerous cell growth. For example, this molecule induces apoptosis in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. The mechanism of action for 7-ketocholesterol involves mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP binding cassette transporters, and DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p>Formula:C27H44O2Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:400.64 g/mol3-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin
CAS:<p>3-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin is a Michaelis–Menten kinetics inhibitor that binds to the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA and inhibits transcription and protein synthesis. This compound has been studied for wastewater treatment, where it was shown to be effective in treating sodium citrate. 3-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin is also used as an inhibitor of coumarin derivatives, which are compounds that have been shown to have antiinflammatory properties. 3CMC inhibits transcription by binding to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product. It has also been shown to bind to the nonpolar solvent, which prevents the formation of a complex with the enzyme DNA gyrase, leading to cell death by inhibiting protein synthesis. Fluorescence techniques have been used to study this type of inhibition in a model system.</p>Formula:C10H7ClO3Purity:Min. 95%Color and Shape:PowderMolecular weight:210.61 g/mol
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