Pharmaceutical Standards

Applications Zymosterol is an sterol intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol (C432501). Cholesterol is a major component of all biological membranes; ~25% of total brain lipid is Cholesterol. Zymosterol was also found to be located in the plasma membrane of cultured human fibroblasts via labeling studies.
References Roland, E.D., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 278 (1989); Echevarria, F., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 265, 8484 (1990); Baranovskii, A.V., et al.: Russian. J. Bioorg. Chem., 28, 250 (2002); Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934);

Applications Carbon 13 Labelled analogue of Adenosine (A280400), a purine nucleoside that plays an important role in various biochemical processes.
References Long, X., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exper. Ther., 335, 781 (2010); Ham, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exper. Ther., 335, 607 (2010)

Applications 13-cis-β-Carotene-d5 is labelled 13-cis-β-Carotene (C184225) which is an isomer of β-Caroten (C184250). Carrots are one of the highest dietary sources of β-carotene and are naturally high in the (all-E)-β-carotene isomer, which has higher bioavailability, provitamin A activity, and antioxidant capacity compared to Z (cis) isomers.
References Chen, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1912 (1995), During, A., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 43, 1086 (2002), Marx, M., et al.: Food Chem. 83, 609 (2003)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Hematoporphyrin dihydrochlordie (cas# 17696-69-4) is a useful research chemical.

Applications [1,1'-Biphenyl]-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic acid is a useful research chemical for organic synthesis and other chemical processes.
References Wu, X., et al.: Huaxue Shiji, 39, 1015 (2017); Wang, C., et al.: J. Mol. Struct., 1080 (2015)

Applications N-Methylurea is used as a reagent in the synthesis of bis(aryl)(hydroxyalkyl)(methyl)glycoluril derivatives and is a potential byproduct of caffeine.
References Antonova, M.M., et al.: Chem. Heterocycl. Comp., 50, 503 (2014); Zarrelli, A., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 470, 453 (2014)

Applications Azadiradione is an extract from Neem (Azadirachta indica) plant and may contain antifungal properties. It has also been shown to restore protein quality control and ameliorate disease pathogenesis in Huntington’s disease.
References Singh, T. et al.: Am. J. PharmTech. Res., 6, 323 (2016); Singh, B. et al.: Mol. Neurobiol., 55, 6337 (2018);

Applications 4,4'-Diamino-2,2'-bipyridine is a bidendate chelator.

Applications Testosterone Octanoate-d15 is the isotope analog of Testosterone Octanoate. Testosterone Octanoate is a metabolite of tesosterone (T155000), which is used in biological studies to determine the hemolytic and lipophilic activity of this anabolic steroid.
References Biagi, G.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 944 (1970); Biagi, G. L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 873 (1975)

Applications cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic Acid Methyl Ester-d3 is a labelled analog of cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic Acid Methyl Ester. cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic Acid Methyl Ester is used in oregano essential oil as an inhibitor of higher fatty acid oxidation.
References Terenina, M.B., et al.: Appl. Biochem. Microbiol., 47, 445 (2011)

Applications Cholesterol-d6 has been used in safe procedures to measure the percentage of cholesterol absorption, based on that of D. B. Zilversmit (1972), by using Cholesterol-d6 as a stable nonradioactive isotopic tracer of cholesterol that was administered orally into normal individuals to facilitate clinical investigation.
References Bosner, Matthew S., Journal of Lipid Research, 34, 1047-53, (1993)