Glycoscience

1,5-a-L-Arabinobiose is a sugar that is found in mammalian tissue and has been shown to have enzyme activities. It can be prepared by high performance liquid chromatography and titration calorimetry. 1,5-a-L-Arabinobiose has hydrogen bonding interactions with its neighbouring molecules and surface methodology. It also has structural analysis with hydrogen bonds and phenolic acids. 1,5-a-L-Arabinobiose is used as a probiotic bacteria growth factor in microalgal cultures.

Scleroglucan is produced by the fermentation of the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii. It is a glucan with a main chain of 1,3-linked β-D-glucopyranosyl units with every third unit having a single β-D-glucopyranosyl unit linked 1,6. Scleroglucan powders disperse in water and give very viscous shear thinning solutions. Applications are in the oil industry in enhanced oil recovery, in agriculture in sprays and in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The image was kindly provided by Dr. Chris Lawson.

Glycyl-asialo, galactosylated biantennary is a high purity custom synthesis of sugar. Glycyl-asialo, galactosylated biantennary is custom synthesized by the click modification of glycosylation and fluorination with methylation and modification. The CAS number for glycyl-asialo, galactosylated biantennary is **********.

Cellulose derivative, food thickener and emulsifier, bulk forming laxative

Alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) derivative with a hydrophilic exterior and lipophilic cavity (smaller than β-CDs and γ-CDs) to allocate certain guest molecules. This structural characteristic enables applications in molecular encapsulation, solubility enhancement, and stabilization across multiple industries. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a drug delivery vehicle, enhancing the bioavailability and stability of active ingredients. The food industry utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, as well as a functional ingredient for its effects on lipid metabolism. In cosmetics, it acts as a complex agent for fragrances and active components. Its applications extend to analytical chemistry for chiral separation and to materials science for developing smart materials and nanosystems.

Inhibitor of beta-glucosidase

Xylose (Xyl) is an aldopentose also known as wood sugar (Collins, 2006). The main sources of xylose are hemicelluloses found in hardwood and perennial plants, such as, grasses, cereals, and herbs (Petzold-Welcke, 2014) and some algae. Xylose is used in the production of xylitol, a low calory sugar substitute. Xylose is used in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis, which is initiated by peptide O-xylosyltransferases, which transfer xylose onto selected serine residues in the core proteins. The first enzyme in the pathway, peptide O-xylosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of xylose from uridine diphosphate (UDP)-α-D-xylose onto serine and thus determines the site(s) of GAG attachment on the core protein (Briggs, 2018).

b-Lactopyranosyl phenylisothiocyanate is a synthetic carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorine, methylation, glycosylation, and click chemistry. It is used in the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides. This compound can also be used to modify saccharides or oligosaccharides with fluorine, methylation, glycosylations, or click chemistry.

High purity grade.  Used in synthetic organic chemistry and natural product synthesis. Induces apoptosis by inhibiting the synthesis and increasing the efflux of glutathione. It is used for synthesis of optically active dipyrrolyl alkanols from pyrroles on the surface of montmorillonite KSF clay.Due to its integral role in the formation of DNA, 2-Deoxy-D-ribose is critical in studies of genetic expression, DNA repair mechanisms, and the synthesis of nucleotides. Researchers utilize it extensively in molecular biology and biochemistry to understand cell replication and gene function, and it serves as a standard in research pertaining to oxidative stress, where its degradation may indicate the presence of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, it is involved in the development of various pharmacological agents, particularly those targeting cancer and viral infections, where the synthesis and function of DNA are pivotal aspects of pathogenesis and treatment response.

Lactitol is a sugar alcohol that is used in the food industry as a low-calorie sweetener and preservative. Lactitol has physiological effects such as increasing the glomerular filtration rate and decreasing serum cholesterol levels. It also inhibits inflammatory bowel disease by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, which are associated with intestinal inflammation. Lactitol is used as an excipient for tablets or capsules to improve their dissolution properties and to provide bulk. Lactitol does not show any significant toxicity in animal studies and has been shown to be safe for human consumption at up to 15g/day.

2-O-(a-D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-fucopyranosyl propylamine is a glycosylated synthetic compound with a molecular weight of 726.2. It is an excellent substrate for the glycosylation of proteins and nucleic acids, as well as an excellent candidate for Click modification, fluorination, saccharide modification and custom synthesis. 2-O-(a-D-Galactopyranosyl)-b-D-fucopyranosyl propylamine is a high purity product available in bulk quantities.

Tetra-O-acetyl-6-O-trityl-a-D-mannopyranose is a synthetic glycoside that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It has been modified with a fluorine atom at C1 to form 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-a-D mannopyranoside. This modification can be done through a click reaction. Tetra-O acetyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-a D mannopyranoside is soluble in water and has a melting point of about 210°C.

Used as enzyme substrates, analytical standards and for in vitro diagnostics

1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranose, also known as beta-D-galactose pentaacetate, has high chemical stability and long shelf life. This protected form of galactose is a key building block of any chemical synthesis of galactose-containing oligosaccharides or glycoconjugates. In the presence of Lewis acids it can be used as a glycosyl donor to make simple glycosides. In order to perform more complex galactosylations it can be converted into more reactive donors, such as glycosyl halides or thioglycosides.

L-[UL-13C6]Rhamnose monohydrate is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar. It has been modified with fluorination, glycosylation and methylation to synthesize a complex carbohydrate. This compound has been shown to be useful in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. L-[UL-13C6]Rhamnose monohydrate is also used in click chemistry, which is a new method that uses the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction to form stable covalent bonds between molecules. The CAS number for this compound is 10030-85-0 (unlabelled).

1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-benzoyl-6-O-trityl-b-D-glucopyranose is a custom synthesis that can be used for methylation and Click modification. This compound is an oligosaccharide consisting of sugar molecules linked by glycosidic bonds. It is a polysaccharide with a saccharide repeating unit composed of monosaccharides. The carbohydrate chain contains 1,2,3,4 tetra O benzoyl groups and 6 O trityl groups. This product has a high purity and can be used in the synthesis of other compounds. 1,2,3,4 Tetra O benzoyl 6 O trityl b D glucopyranose (1) was synthesized from 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)benzaldehyde (2), 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)benzoic acid (3),

Cellobiose is a reducing disaccharide consisting of two β(1-4)-linked glucopyranose units. It is produced by the hydrolysis of cellulose, a homopolysaccharide of glucose with β(1-4)-linkages. Cellobiose constitutes the polar part of cellobiose lipids (CLs) that are secreted by yeasts and mycelia fungi. Their various biological activities have led to a range of applications in the food industry, pharmaceutical industry and in medicine. Cellobiose itself has been used as an indicator carbohydrate for Crohn’s disease and malabsorption syndrome. In biotechnology, cellobiose is one of the sugars explored for the synthesis of biotensides.