Sesquiterpenes (C₂₅)

Trans-caryophyllene (TC), a component of essential oil found in many flowering plants, has shown its neuroprotective effects in various neurological disorders, TC has effect on kainic acid-induced seizure activity caused by oxidative stress and pro-inflammation, and significantly inhibits KA-induced generation of malondialdehyde, TC exert cerebral anti-inflammatory effects by mitigating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β; suggest that TC has a potential protective effect on chemical induced seizure and brain damage.

Atractylenolide III is the major bioactive component of Atractylodes lancea, it inhibits histamine release, suppresses activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, C-Jun-N-terminal protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB in stimulated HMC-1 cells, and suppresses the activation of caspase-1 and the expression of receptor interacting protein-2, suggests that atractylenolide III may control immunological reactions by regulating the cellular functions of IL-6 in mast cells.

<p>Isolongifolene ((-)-Isolongifolene), a tricyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Murraya koenigii, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and</p>

<p>Zerumbone is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene first isolated from rhizomes of the wild ginger Z.</p>

<p>Granilin (Graniline)e is a natural product.</p>

<p>(-)-Cedrene (Alpha-Cedrene) is a sesquiterpene from cedar oil that has anti-leukemia, antibacterial and anti-obesity properties.</p>

<p>Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (Phytone) is a sesquiterpene with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity and studied for pain relief.</p>

<p>Bilobalide ((-)-Bilobalide), a bioactive from Gingko Biloba, is active on hypoxia-induced alterations.</p>

<p>Cyperotundone is a natural product from Cyperus rotundus</p>

Lactone

Lactone

Lactone

Lactone

Cyclic alcohol

Lactone

Oxygen-heterocyclic compound