Flavonoids

Deguelin is a rotenoid, which is a naturally occurring compound derived primarily from the roots of plants in the Leguminosae family, such as Mundulea sericea and Derris species. It functions as a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, interfering with cellular respiration by blocking electron transport within the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This action leads to the inhibition of ATP production, which is essential for cellular energy.

8-Hydroxygenistein-5,7,8,4'-tetramethyl ether is a natural product with bioactive properties. It is an 8-hydroxy derivative of genistein that is found in soybeans and other legumes. The purity of this compound is confirmed by HPLC standards and it has been isolated from the plant source. This compound can be used as a reference material for analytical purposes or for quality control testing.

Dihydroisoformononetin is an isoflavonoid compound, which is a type of phytoestrogen derived primarily from plant sources, such as legumes and certain medicinal herbs. This compound is of significant interest due to its structural similarity to estrogen, which allows it to interact with estrogen receptors in the body. Its mode of action involves modulating estrogenic activity by acting either as an agonist or antagonist, depending on the tissue context. Such dual behavior makes it an intriguing subject of study in endocrine research.

Neoisoastilbin is a chemical compound, specifically a flavonoid derivative, derived primarily from natural botanical sources such as certain species of plants. It is characterized by its unique structural configuration which distinguishes it from its closely related isomers. As a flavonoid, Neoisoastilbin acts through multiple biochemical pathways, notably by scavenging free radicals and modulating oxidative stress responses, which can have significant implications in biological systems.Neoisoastilbin's notable applications lie in its potential antioxidant properties, which are of particular interest in the fields of pharmacology and biochemistry. Researchers study its effects on cellular models to understand its role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. It also has potential applications in the development of therapeutic agents aiming to mitigate conditions associated with oxidative stress, such as neurodegenerative diseases or cardiovascular disorders. Investigations into its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics are essential to elucidate its full potential and mechanisms within complex biological systems.

7-O-Methyl-liquiritigenin is a flavonoid that has been shown to have anticarcinogenic properties. It has been studied in human studies and shown to be safe for use in cancer patients. 7-O-Methyl-liquiritigenin inhibits the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase. 7-O-Methyl-liquiritigenin also inhibits the production of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which have been linked to tumor promotion. 7-O-Methyl-liquiritigenin has been shown to inhibit the growth of human colon cancer cells in vitro, as well as in vivo when injected into mice. This compound also inhibits PIM1, an oncogene that regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation, tumor progression, angiogenesis, and metast

5-Hydroxy-7,2',3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone is a flavone that can be found in coffee. It has been shown to inhibit the enzyme arabinose isomerase and psiadiarabin, which are involved in the conversion of sugar into energy in plants. 5-Hydroxy-7,2',3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone also inhibits the plant enzyme phytase, which breaks down phytic acid. Phytic acid is a naturally occurring substance that binds to minerals such as calcium and zinc, preventing their absorption by the body. This compound has not shown any significant activity against bacterial DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV or human DNA gyrase or topoisomerase II.

Apigenin - 94% is a purified form of apigenin, which is a naturally occurring flavonoid. It is primarily sourced from various plant species, including parsley, celery, and chamomile, where it is a prominent active component. The mode of action of apigenin involves multiple biochemical pathways: it acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, modulates enzyme activities, and exhibits antioxidant properties by scavenging free radicals. Additionally, apigenin interacts with cellular signaling pathways, such as the MAPK and PI3K/Akt, which contribute to its protective effects against oxidative stress and its potential in promoting apoptosis in cancerous cells.

Quercetin 3-rhamnoside 7-glucoside is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside, which is derived from various plant sources, particularly those rich in flavonoids like fruits, vegetables, and leaves. This compound is characterized by its complex structure that includes quercetin linked to sugar moieties, specifically rhamnose and glucose, at the 3 and 7 positions.

Applications Typhaneoside is a flavonoid glycoside plant extract with potential ability to treat primary dysmenorrhea through the Shaofu Zhuyu decoction.
References Shulan S. et al.: Am. J. Chin. Med., 38, 777 (2010); Huang, X. et al.: J. Chrom. B. Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 962, 75 (2014);

Applications O-Methylated metabolite of the flavanoid Quercertin (Q509500) with antioxidant activity.
References Soobrattee, M.A. et al.: Mut. Res. Fund. Mol. Mech. Mutagen., 579, 200 (2005); Yamamoto, N. et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 372, 347 (1999);

Applications 3-O-Methylfisetin is a flavonoid with antimalarial activity.
References Abdalla, M.A., Laatsch, H.: Afr. J. Traditional Complementary Alternative Med., 9, 56 (2012)

Applications 5α-Pregnane-3-one-20α-ol, is a steroid metabolome, that can be used for in studies of a possible tool for laboratory diagnosis of schizophrenia. It is also a metabolite of Progesterone (P755900) in adipose cells.
References Bicikova, M., et al.: J. Steriod Biochem. Mol. Bio., 77, 133 (2013); Zhang, Y., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinology, 298, 76 (2009);

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