Lipids

<p>β-Glycerophosphate is a classical serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitor used in kinase reaction buffers.</p>

<p>Oleic acid, a common unsaturated fat, is used in oleates, lotions, and as a pharma solvent.</p>

<p>Tricaprin (Glycerol Tridecanoate) is an orally active precursor of caprylic acid that is hydrolysed to caprylic acid. Tricaprin has antihyperglycaemic property.</p>

<p>Avicularin reduces inflammation via ERK pathway in RAW 264.7 cells and hinders lipid buildup in adipocytes by limiting glucose uptake and fatty acid synthesis.</p>

<p>α-Linolenic Acid (ALA) is an essential fatty acid. α-Linolenic acid improves memory, inhibits thrombosis, and lowers blood lipids. Cost-effective and quality-assured.</p>

<p>Butanoic acid is an endogenous histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor,IC50 for HDAC3, HDAC4, and HDAC1 is 2.4 mM, 4.5 mM, and 5.3 mM. High-Quality, Low-Cost!</p>

<p>Monoolein (1-Oleoyl-rac-glycerol) is a surfactant that releases free glycerol and oleic acid upon hydrolysis. Monoolein has been used in liquid crystal studies.</p>

<p>Lanosterol (3β-Hydroxy-8,24-lanostadiene) is a tetracyclic triterpenoid which is the compound from which all steroids are derived.</p>

<p>Triarachidin (1,2,3-Trieicosanoyl Glycerol) is a triarachidic acid triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides.</p>

<p>Tricaprilin (Glycerol Tri-n-octanoate) is used in study for patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. It is an anticonvulsant and a plant metabolite.</p>

<p>Applications Stabilizer in manufacturing of vinyl polymers; intermediate in synthesis of glycerol, glycidyl ethers, and amines; additive for oil and synthetic hydraulic fluids; epoxy resin diluent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hiles, R.A., et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 19, 347 (1981); Thompson, E.D., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 22, 665 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications (E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylaldehyde (cas# 4206-58-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Ursodeoxycholic Acid-d4 is a deuterated form of Ursodeoxcholic Acid (U850000), which is used as an anticholelithogenic. Ursodeoxcholic Acid is an epimer with Chenodiol with respect to the hydroxyl group at C7. Ursodeoxycholic Acid-d4 was used as an internal standard for rapid quantification of bile acids by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.<br>References Tint, G.S., et al.: Gastroenterology, 91, 1007 (1986), Poupon, R.E, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 324, 1548 (1991), MacKenzie, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 283, 36205 (2008); Scherer, M., et al.: J. Chromatogr. B, 877, 3920 (2009(<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Hydroxydodecanoic Acid Methyl Ester is a 3-hydroxyl fatty acid Me ester as methionine regulator.<br>References Akamatsu, Y., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 245, 709 (1970); Alvarez, L., et al.: Biochem. J., 301, 557 (1994), Varbanova, M., et al.: Plant Cell, 19, 32 (2007), Atsumi, S., et al.: Nature, 451, 86 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Glucocorticoid; an intermediate in the biosynthesis of aldosterone, isolated from the adrenal cortex.<br>References Schmidt, M., et al.: Endocrinol., 150, 2709 (2009), Bailey, M., et al.: J. Immunol., 182, 7888 (2009), Brunton, P., et al.: J. Neurosci., 29, 6449 (2009), Pruett, S., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 109, 265 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Production of ceramide occurs upon hydrolysis of sphingomyelin by a specific isoform of phospholipase C, appropriately named sphingomyelinase.<br>References Gu, Q, et al.: Anal. Biochem., 244, 347 (1997), Perry, D.K., et al.: Trends Cardiovasc. Med., 6, 158 (1996), Clayton, R.B., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 15, 557 (1974),<br></p>

<p>Applications Propacetamol HCl (cas# 66532-86-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholesterol (C432501) derivative. Cholesterol is a major component of all biological membranes; ~25% of total brain lipid is Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the principal sterol of the higher animals. Cholesterol was found in all body tissues, especial in the brain, spinal cord, and in animal fats or oils. Cholesterol is the main constituent of gallstones.<br>References Rosin, Z., et al.: Physiol. Chem., 124, 282 (1923), Schoenheimer, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 105, 355 (1934), Gemant, et al.: Life Sci., 1, 233 (1962), Johnson, K., et al.: 4, 457 (1964),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications 1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol found in sesame oil.<br>References Lee, D., et al.: Analytica Chimica Acta, 429, 321 (2001); Jahaniaval, F., et al.: J. AM. Oil Chem. Soc., 77,847 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrahydro 11-Deoxycorticosterone is a metabolite of 11-Deoxycorticosterone (DOC) (D232590).<br>References Fedele, E., et al.: J. Neurochem., 75, 782 (2000), Adkins, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 38934 (2001), Erceg, S., et al.: Brain Res., 1036, 115 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 20-HETE is a cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolite that may play an autacoid role in cerebral and renal vasculature.<br>References McGiff, J.C., et al.: Am J Physiol, 277, R607-R623 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Estradiol 17?-Hydroxy Impurity; Estradiol EP Impurity B; Ethinylestradiol EP Impurity L<br>Applications Estradiol (known as α-Estradiol or 17 α-Estradiol) is a biologically active estrogen in human breast cancer cells in tissue culture. 17-Εstradiol and its selective receptor, ER-X, are not part of a classical hormone/receptor endocrine system but of a system with important autocrine/paracrine functions in the developing and adult brain(1,2). 17-Estradiol may have enormous implications for hormone replacement strategies at the menopause and in the treatment of such neurodegenerative disorders as Alzheimer’s disease and ischemic stroke(3).This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br>References 1. Lievertz, R. et al.: J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1987 May;156(5):1289-932. Kuhnz, W. et al.: Arzneimittelforschung. 1993 Sep;43(9):966-73.3. Toran-Allerand, C. et al.: Endocrinology. 2005 Sep;146(9):3843-50.<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycidyl Myristate is formed from monoacylglycerols and are present in edible fats and oils.<br>References Zuzana, Z et al.: 77, 65 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. Its membrane organizing properties could have implications in Altzheimer’s disease.<br>References Wang, J., et al.: Biochemistry, 43, 1010 (2004), Lemaire-Ewing, S., et al.: Cell Biol. Toxicol., 21, 97 (2005), Fuda, H., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 48, 1343 ( 2007), Sasaki, H., et al.: Metabolism, 56, 357 (2007); S.L. Regen et al.: J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 131, 12354 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications Aglicone of saponin dioscin. Diosgenin exists in some food supplements and herbal medicines and lowers plasma cholesterol by increasing fecal cholesterol excretion. It can be converted to Pregnenolone and Progesterone.<br>References Cayen, M., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 20, 162 (1979), Nervi, F., et al.: J. Clin. Invest., 74, 2226 (1984), Davis, H., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 279, 33586 (2004), Brown, J., et al.: Biochem. J., 406, 273 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications C20 Dihydroceramide (cas# 121459-06-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Food preservative, having the ability to form complexes with starch, retarding its retrodegradation during storage.<br>References Yu, S., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 4482 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg2 is used as an aldose reductase inhibitor and my exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. It exists as a bioactive metabolite of the ginsenoside component of Panax ginseng.<br>References Cho, K. et al.: Biomol. Ther., 22, 55 (2014); Fatmawati, S. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 24, 4407 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications FTY720 is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modular, ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibition of T cell infiltration. FTY720 Phosphate is the active metabolite of FTY720-phosphate.<br>References Chiba, K., et al.: J. Immunol., 160, 5037 (1998), Brinkmann, V., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 277, 21453 (2002), Kiuchi, M., et al.: Bioorganic &amp; Medicinal Chemistry, 13, 425 (2005<br></p>

<p>Applications Campesterol is a phytosterol that may inhibit the intestinal absorption of cholesterol.<br>References Fransen, H., et al.: J. Nut., 140, 1062 (2010), Kojoma, M., et al.: Plant Biotechnol., 27, 59 (2010), Orozco-Solano, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 7539 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled (-)-Norgestrel, an emergency contraceptive. Levonorgestrel is safe, tolerated and effective in emergency contraception in woman.<br>References Fotherby, K., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 19(1C), 817 (1983), Stanczyk, F. Z., et al.: Contraception, 42, 67 (1990), Bednarek, P., et al.: Drugs, 67, 2478 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Acylglycerols and fatty acids in olive oil from pulp, seed, and whole fruit.<br>References Ninni, V., et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 79, 2113 (1999), Salas, J., et al.: Prog. Lipid Res., 39, 151 (2000), Mannina, L., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 2687 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications A Cholesterol (C432501) metabolite. Lathosterol (indicating cholesterol synthesis) and Sitosterol (indicating cholesterol absorption) also decreased with deteriorating health. Low Lathosterol, Sitosterol (S497050), and Cholesterol (C432501) predicted mortality additively and independently of each other.<br>References Chyou, P., et al.: Age Ageing, 29, 69 (2000), Schatz, I., et al.: Lancet, 358, 351 (2001), Bjorkman, M., et al.: Eur. J. Endocrinol., 158, 749 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycerol Monoleate is used to synthesize water soluble drugs in need of sustained-release for drug delivery.<br>References Chang, C. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 276, 83 (2004); Chang, C. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 173, 51 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications γ-Linolenic Acid is a fatty acid found mainly in vegetable oil. Studies suggest that γ-Linolenic Acid may have immune regulating and anti-inflammatory effects. γ-Linolenic Acid has also been used in the treatment of atopic eczeme although its efficacy is disputed.<br>References Ziboh, V. et al.: Fatty Acids Food Health Implic., 791 (2008); Kapoor, R. et al.: Curr. Phar, Biotechnol., 7, 531 (2006); Horrobin, D. et al.: Am. J. Nutrit., 71, 367S (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a derivative of sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine (G598700) and can be used as a biomarker in biological studies.<br>References Bowers, J., et al.: J. Chromatogr. B, 966, 154 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-cis-Diltiazem-d3 HCl (acetoxy-d3) (CAS# 1217860-13-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications (25R)-26-Hydroxycholesterol is a desmosterol metabolite that is found in the brain. 26-Hydroxycholesterol has been used as a biomarker for carbon cycling in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea.<br>References Meljon, A., et. al.: J. Lipid Res., 53, 2469 (2012); Christodoulou, S., et. al.: Marine Chem., 113, 25 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-Equol and R-Equol are metabolites of the soy isoflavones Daidzein (D103500) and Genistein. Both have significant biological actions.<br>References Heinonen, S., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 274, 211 (1999), Setchell, K., et al.: J. Nutr., 132, 3577 (2002), Thigpen, J., et al.: Comp. Med., 53, 607 (2003), Yee, S., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 2713 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Muricholic Acid is an bile acid found in urine. β-Muricholic Acid has been used in studies of down regulation of transporter protein through ubiquitin dependent protein degradation.<br>References Miyata, M., et al.: Euro. J. Pharmacol., 714, 507 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 20(S)​-​Ginsenoside Rh1 is an anti-cancer agent found in the leaves of ginseng.<br>References Zheng, M. et al.: Biomed. Res., 26, 646 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is a long chain fatty acid, acting as a luminescence marker. Is used in enhancing radiotherapy for cancer treatment<br>References Dotsikas, Y. et al.: Anal. Sci., 28, 753 (2012); Choi, J. et al.: J. Nanomet., 8, 863704, (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications (7Z)​-7-​Hexadecenoic acid is a fatty acid that may be useful for determining the specific genus of a bacterial population present in a variety of natural environments.<br>References Kneif, C., et al.: Environ Microbiol., 5, 1155-67 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-20-Hydroxyecdysone regulates gene transcription via a genomic pathway through a transcription complex that is formed.<br>References Liu, W. et al.: Endocrinol., 155, 1738 (2014); Wang, Q. et al.: Plant Physiol. Biochem., 84, 1 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications An intercellular lipid that benefits skin hydration and protects against SLS irritation.<br>References Yoshimura, Y., et al.: J. Biochem., 132, 229 (2002), Yilmaz, E., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 307, 232 (2006), Huang, H., et al.: Int. J. Dermatol., 47, 812 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ceramide is one of the simplest sphingolipids, consisting of a sphingosine base N-linked to a fatty acid, and is a membrane mediator for cell-signaling events. N-Acyl chain length of membrane ceramides can influence bidimensional transitions, condensed domain morphology, and interfacial thickness.<br>References Shimshick, E., et al.: Biochemistry, 1973, 12, 2351 (1973), Kolesnick, R., et al.: J. Cell Physiol., 184, 285 (2000), Goni, F., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1758, 1902 (2006),<br></p>