Nucleotides

3'-Deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate is a modified nucleoside that is the precursor for DNA synthesis. It is an activator of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, which are needed in the production of DNA. 3'-Deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate has been shown to be active against cancer cells and antiviral agents. This chemical also inhibits viral RNA synthesis by blocking the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. 3'-Deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate is novel and high purity, with a CAS number 69383-05-7.

Abacavir 5'-phosphate is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the replication of the herpes virus by covalently binding to the viral DNA polymerase and blocking its ability to polymerize dNTPs. Abacavir 5'-phosphate's anti-viral potency has been shown in vivo using a model with herpes simplex virus, and it has been shown to inhibit viral replication in cell culture. The drug also reacts with cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which may lead to drug reactions. Abacavir 5'-phosphate is chemically stable, so it can be subjected to analytical methods without degradation. It is an analog of zidovudine (AZT).

2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 100 mM solution in water is a nucleotide analog that inhibits the synthesis of RNA. It is used for the treatment of cancer. This agent binds to DNA and prevents the formation of RNA by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. 2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 100 mM solution in water also has a perchloric acid component, which may be responsible for its haematopoietic effects.

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7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt is a cytosolic small molecule that inhibits the activity of telomerase, an enzyme involved in the replication of chromosomes. It also has inhibitory effects on kinase domains and may be used to treat cancer. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt binds to human mitochondrial DNA and inhibits gene transcription by hybridizing with it. This results in the inhibition of dopamine production, which can be helpful for treating Parkinson's disease. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt is structurally similar to 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (dATP) and can be incorporated into DNA by phosphorylation to form a covalent bond that disrupts the dATP/ATP ratio. This causes cellular energy production to decrease and

7-Deaza-2'-deoxy-7-ethynyladenosine is a fluorescent analog of adenosine that has been synthesized to be used as an antimicrobial agent. This compound has shown to be effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 7DDAE is also able to inhibit the growth of fungus and yeast, such as Candida albicans. This drug has been shown to have no cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells at concentrations up to 50 μM. 7DDAE has been found to be very photostable in solution, which means it does not degrade when exposed to light.

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl-6-azauridine is a nucleoside analog for research purposes. The replacement of a carbon atom with a nitrogen atom on the uracil base affects how the molecule interacts with cellular processes. It has the potential to interfere with normal metabolic processes within cells, particularly those related to RNA synthesis. Due to its ability to disrupt cell growth, it could be studied for any potential antiviral or antitumor properties.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-L-uridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog of uridine where the sugar is both fluorinated at the 2' position and in the L-configuration, which is the mirror image of naturally occurring D-nucleosides. This modification makes it structurally distinct and biologically significant for certain applications in drug development and biochemical research.

2'-Deoxy-5-propynyluridine is a nucleoside that is naturally synthesized in the body. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and has been shown to be useful for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. 2'-Deoxy-5-propynyluridine has also been found to have a stabilizing effect on RNA, enhancing its biological relevance. This compound can be used as a fluorescent probe and can be used to study transcriptional regulation mechanisms.

6-Thioinosine is a nucleoside analog that is chemically related to 6-mercaptopurine. It inhibits the polymerase chain reaction and has been shown to inhibit aerobic metabolism in aerobacter aerogenes. It also inhibits the growth of hl-60 cells, which are derived from human leukemia cells. 6-Thioinosine has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. It also blocks the activity of certain receptors and has a disease activity against infectious diseases such as systemic candidiasis, bacterial endocarditis, and bowel disease.

5'-O-Trityluridine is a nucleoside analogue that has been prepared as an oriented, oxidized, hydrogenated, xylene derivative of uridine. It is composed of ribofuranoside and uridine. The orientation is controlled by the use of trityl groups on the 5' and 3' hydroxyl groups. The alkali metal salt isomers are analysed using HPLC and GC. This compound interacts with phosphotriesters and cyclic phosphodiesters.

2'-Deoxycytidine is a deoxyribonucleotide that is used in the synthesis of DNA. It has been shown to have potent antitumor activity against solid tumours and may be useful for the treatment of leukemic mice. This compound has been shown to inhibit the kinase activity of IL-2 receptor and Toll-like receptor, which are proteins that regulate the immune response. 2'-Deoxycytidine also inhibits DNA polymerase activity and thermal expansion, which may make it a good candidate as an anticancer drug.

3'-Deoxyuridine is a synthetic antibiotic that is used in the treatment of viral infections, such as hepatitis B and C, and HIV. 3'-Deoxyuridine competitively inhibits the synthesis of RNA by binding to the enzyme RNA polymerase. This drug also has antiviral activity against the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV). 3'-Deoxyuridine is synthesized from uracil in an organic solvent, trifluoroacetic acid, at low temperatures. The incorporation of deoxynucleoside triphosphates into DNA occurs after cleavage of the terminal phosphate group by water vapor.

2',3'-Dideoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine is a nucleoside for use in research applications

N-Pyrrolo-2'-deoxycytidine is a nucleoside analog that is used in the laboratory as a template for DNA synthesis. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of human pathogens. N-Pyrrolo-2'-deoxycytidine binds to DNA and prevents replication by interfering with the binding of the enzyme polymerase to the template strand, which leads to denaturation of the complementary strand and blocking of DNA elongation. This drug has been shown to bind specifically to sequences that are unpaired in duplexes, such as single-stranded telomeres. N-Pyrrolo-2'-deoxycytidine can also be used as a fluorescence probe for detecting dsDNA duplexes.

A synthetic cytosine analogue that incorporates into DNA and prevents DNA methylation via DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibition. Demonstrated potent anti-leukaemic effects attributed to cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Has anti-growth effects on solid tumor cell lines.

6-Methylpurine-2'-deoxyriboside (6MPdR) is a nucleoside analog that inhibits viral polymerase activity. It is used in the treatment of bowel diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and hepatitis C. 6MPdR can be used to treat cancer by inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis. This drug has been shown to inhibit leishmania growth in cell culture. 6MPdR can be administered orally or intravenously, and is pegylated for greater stability in the blood stream.

3′-UMP is a modified nucleoside that has antiviral activity, and is synthesized by the phosphoramidite method. It is a novel compound, which has not been previously reported. 3′-UMP is an activator of ribonucleotide reductase and can be used to treat viral infections. This drug also has anticancer effects and can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of leukemia. 3′-UMP has high purity and high quality.

2'-Deoxyuridine (2'-dU) is an intermediate in the synthesis of thymidylate, which is a precursor for DNA synthesis. It can be prepared through high-performance liquid chromatography. 2'-dU has been shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity of enzymes responsible for synthesizing uridine and thymidylate, leading to neuronal death. 2'-dU has also been shown to have a protective effect against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by hydrogen fluoride. It is also known to bind with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is involved in inflammatory responses. 2'-dU has been used as a fluorescence probe for nucleic acids and as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) substrate.

Akt activation inhibitor

2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits HIV replication and is a competitive inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase. This latter action reduces levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)

5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is a nucleotide that is important for both DNA and RNA synthesis. It is the methyl donor in the formation of dTMP, an essential component of DNA. 5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is synthesized by the enzyme thioredoxin reductase using NADPH and glutathione as cofactors. The synthesis of this nucleotide is regulated by hydrogen bonding, which may be due to its ability to form a cationic surfactant with a molecule such as typhimurium. This activity may be due to the presence of a disulfide bond that can react with other molecules such as guanine nucleotides.
5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine has been shown to have structural analysis and chemical biology applications when used in conjunction with E. coli K-12 cells, Methanobrevib

N4-Ethenocytidine is a nucleoside analogue that has been synthesized and shown to be an effective inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus. N4-Ethenocytidine prevents the synthesis of viral RNA by attacking the 3'-hydroxyl group of uridine, which is involved in the formation of ribonucleotides. This compound can also inhibit rat liver microsomes through a hydrated attack on carbonyl groups. The reaction products are trifluoroacetic acid and chloride ions. N4-Ethenocytidine's fluorescence properties have been used to identify its reaction intermediates, which include uridylic acid and 4-etheno-N6-isopentenyladenosine.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-5-methylcytidine is a nucleoside analog that is a modified version of cytidine, where the sugar (deoxyribose) has a fluoro modification at the 2' carbon and a methyl group is attached at the 5' position of the cytosine base. This modification confers unique properties that can be useful in research and drug development.

L-Guanosine is an enantiomer of adenosine. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and viruses, such as HIV. L-Guanosine is activated by phosphorylation, which leads to its binding with DNA and inhibition of viral replication. L-Guanosine is also a potent inhibitor of mammalian cell proliferation. It binds to the enzyme adenosyltransferase, thereby inhibiting the production of nucleotides, which are necessary for DNA synthesis. This inhibition causes cell death due to lack of DNA synthesis and protein production.

2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoyl)benzoyladenosine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt is a nucleoside analog of Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), a key player in cellular energy transfer. 2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoyl)benzoyl has been added to this molecule as well as a triethylammonium salt which helps to increase the stability of the molecule in solutions. 2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoyl)benzoyladenosine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt has potential use as a tool for understanding how cells use ATP and how changes to ATP affect cellular processes. Other possible uses are in the study of how ATP interacts with enzymes.

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyladenosine is a chemically protected form of adenosine with potential for use as an intermediate in nucleoside synthesis and nucleic acid chemistry. The hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the 2′, 3′, and 5′ positions of the ribose are protected by acetyl groups (–COCH₃), which can prevent unwanted chemical reactions during chemical synthesis.

3'-Deoxyinosine is a nucleoside analog that is used in the treatment of leukemia, lymphoma, and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. The drug inhibits DNA synthesis by inhibiting enzymes such as ribonucleotide reductase, thymidylate synthase, and dihydrofolate reductase. 3'-Deoxyinosine has minimal toxicity and may be administered orally or intravenously. It has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of skin cancer cells and leishmania parasites in cell culture. This drug also lowers blood pressure by interfering with the synthesis of angiotensin II and may be useful for treating hypertension. The drug is synthetically prepared in a laboratory by chemists.

2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxycytidine is a nucleoside analog that is used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It inhibits the synthesis of HIV by inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This drug binds to DNA duplexes, and has been shown to be reactive with damaged DNA. The compound has been shown to inhibit viral replication in a model system, and also inhibits the polymerase chain reaction. 2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxycytidine may also have thermodynamic properties that are related to its potential for reactivity with oxidative DNA.
2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxycytidine is an analog of cytidine. It can be synthesized using solid phase synthesis on a resin support.

2',5'-Dideoxyuridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog derived from uridine, one of the four standard nucleosides found in RNA. It is chemically modified by the removal of hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the 2' and 5' positions of the sugar, altering its ability to participate in RNA or DNA chain formation.

Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate is a nucleotide that is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate in the energy metabolism of cells. It is used as an activator of signal pathways and as a potent inducer of metabolic enzymes. Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate has been shown to induce bowel disease in mice with experimental colitis, suggesting its utility for treating inflammatory bowel disease. Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate binds to the ATP-binding site of GTPase, stimulating the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and phosphate. This reaction causes a conformational change in the enzyme's active site that increases the affinity for GTP by about 10-fold. The binding site is composed of two alpha helices sandwiching a central beta sheet and the catalytic residues are located at both ends of this beta sheet. Structural analysis has revealed that this drug interacts with

8-azido-2-deoxyadenosine is an azide funcationalised nuceleoside

Nelarabine is a drug that prevents the growth of cells by inhibiting the bcr-abl kinase, which is an intracellular target. This drug has been shown to be effective against pediatric patients with t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and adults with chronic myeloid leukemia. Nelarabine has minimal toxicity in humans and is not toxic to healthy cells. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and may be used as a biomarker for autoimmune diseases. Nelarabine also inhibits angiogenesis, which may be due to its effects on nuclear DNA.

N1-Methylguanosine is a methylated nucleotide that is incorporated into the growing DNA chain during protein synthesis. The incorporation of N1-methylguanosine into the growing DNA chain can cause frameshifting, which creates an unusual amino acid sequence. This effect has been shown in model organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. In these organisms, N1-methylguanosine has been shown to induce cancer when added to the growth medium. It is also found in urine samples from people with bladder cancer and has been used to identify urinary tract cancers. Titration calorimetry studies have shown that N1-methylguanosine binds to a chelate ligand and forms a disulfide bond with cysteine residues on proteins or peptides, which may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction by interfering with hydrogen bonding interactions. Messenger RNA studies show that N1-methylguanosine inhibits translation of mRNA by binding to