Nucleosides

<p>Adenosine-5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) lithium salt is an inhibitor of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein that is reversibly inhibited by adenosine triphosphate. It has been shown to inhibit HIV infection by binding to the Ryanodine receptor and blocking the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores. This prevents the activation of caspases, which are enzymes that cause cell lysis. Adenosine-5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) lithium salt also blocks transcription and polymerase chain reactions, and may inhibit the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptors on the cell surface.</p>

<p>2'-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyladenosine is a novel nucleoside. It is an anti-cancer and antiviral agent that is synthesized from ribonucleosides by the phosphoramidite method. 2'-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyladenosine has been shown to be active against DNA polymerases, RNA polymerases, and enveloped viruses. This drug also inhibits cell proliferation in a variety of human tumor cells in vitro. 2'-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyladenosine has been shown to exhibit anticancer activity by interfering with DNA synthesis and preventing the replication of damaged cells.</p>

<p>1-(2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil 5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt is an Activator for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. It is a novel synthetic nucleoside that has anticancer activity. 1-(2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil 5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt is used as an antiviral agent, inhibiting viral replication by blocking the RNA polymerase enzyme.</p>

<p>8-Chloro-2'-deoxyguanosine is a reactive oxygen species that can cause oxidative damage to DNA. This compound is generated by the hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in cells and can be found in human tissues. 8-Chloro-2'-deoxyguanosine can also be generated by the HOCl in diabetic patients, where it has been shown to cause oxidative damage to DNA. 8-Chloro-2'-deoxyguanosine is a product of the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and catalase, and it is activated by HOCl. It has been shown to be carcinogenic in animal models, where it causes DNA damage that leads to cancer.</p>

<p>4-Hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine (4-OHMP) is a metabolite of trimethyltin. It is formed in the liver by methylation of 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (4,6-DMPU). The levels of 4-OHMP in urine samples are used to monitor exposure to this agent. The median values for urinary concentrations of 4-OHMP are typically 10 times higher than those found in blood samples. The metabolite can be detected in urine up to 2 weeks after an individual’s last contact with trimethyltin. This compound has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of glycol dimethyl ethers and carbamates.</p>

<p>3'-O-Allylguanosine is a antiviral agent that belongs to the group of synthetic nucleosides. It is a monophosphate analog of guanosine and an activator of ribonucleotide reductase. 3'-O-Allylguanosine has been shown to be effective against cancer cells in vitro. It has also been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis and promote DNA degradation in human leukemia cells, suggesting its potential use for the treatment of leukemia.</p>

<p>5'-O-Benzoyl-2'-deoxyinosine 3'-CE phosphoramidite is an anticancer and antiviral agent. It is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits the synthesis of DNA by competitive inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, which converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. The monophosphate form also inhibits viral replication by inhibiting reverse transcriptase. This compound has been shown to be active against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, adenovirus, influenza A virus, and vaccinia virus.</p>

<p>N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroadenosine 3'-CE phosphoramidite is a novel nucleoside that has antiviral and anticancer properties. It is an analog of adenosine and inhibits the action of ribonucleotide reductase, which is an enzyme that converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroadenosine 3'-CE phosphoramidite also inhibits the synthesis of DNA, which may be due to its inhibition of DNA polymerase. This compound has been shown to inhibit the growth of leukemia cells in culture and induce apoptosis in human tumor cells.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-5-iodouridine is an intercalating agent that binds to DNA and RNA. It can be used as a probe for the detection of specific sequences in human cells. The fluorophore attached to the molecule allows it to be detected by fluorescence microscopy, while the chromophore is responsible for its ability to emit light at a wavelength of 535 nm. 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-5-iodouridine has been shown to enhance nucleotide excision repair and increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin. The molecule can also be used as a fluorescent protein marker in her-2 gene amplification and overexpression studies.</p>

<p>5'-Amino-5'-deoxyguanosine (5-ADG) is an intermediate in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides. It can be synthesized from 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide and guanosine monophosphate (GMP). 5-ADG is a substrate for the enzyme GTP cyclohydrolase, which converts it to GMP. This intermediate can also be formed by the action of phosphoryl chloride on 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide. The reaction of 5-ADG with malonic acid leads to the formation of inosinic acid, which has been postulated to be a precursor of purines. This conversion is catalyzed by adenylosuccinate synthetase and the enzyme adenylosuccinase.</p>

<p>N6-Benzoyl-2’-chloro-2’-deoxy-5’-O-DMT-adenosine is a novel nucleoside that has been shown to have anti-cancer, antiviral, and antiinflammatory activities. It is structurally related to 2’,3’,5’triphosphate adenine (TPAD) and inhibits the synthesis of DNA by competitive inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase. TPAD also induces apoptosis in tumor cells. N6BzCdA has an IC50 value of 0.5 μM for TPAD synthetase from Escherichia coli and rat liver, indicating that it is a potent inhibitor of this enzyme. The purity level of this product is greater than 98%, with a CAS number of 67972-83-1.</p>

<p>Uridine-5-oxyacetic acid methyl ester is a modified nucleotide that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of uridine. This molecule can be synthesized from 5-hydroxymethyluridine and malonic acid by a methyltransferase. Uridine-5-oxyacetic acid methyl ester can also be obtained from the metabolism of deoxyribose. Analysis of this molecule is possible with spectrometric, mass spectrometric, and chemical structures methods. It has been shown to have a function in translation and protein synthesis. The chemical structure of uridine-5-oxyacetic acid methyl ester has been determined to be guanosine-3',5'-bis(2'-carboxyethyl)phosphate, which is different from that found in DNA or RNA.</p>

<p>Treats herpes-associated keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis; antineoplastic</p>

<p>2'-Deoxyguanosine-5'-carboxylic acid is a synthetic nucleoside that has antiviral and anticancer properties. It is an activator of DNA polymerase, which is used in the synthesis of DNA. 2'-Deoxyguanosine-5'-carboxylic acid also inhibits the activity of ribonucleotide reductase and deoxyribonucleotide reductase, which are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ribose-5-phosphate to deoxyribose-5-phosphate. This substance also blocks viral replication by inhibiting RNA synthesis in cells infected with HIV or herpes simplex virus type 1.</p>

<p>Coenzyme and regenerating electron donor in catabolic processes</p>

<p>8-Allyloxy-9-(b-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine is a novel nucleoside that is an activator of ribonucleotide reductase. It is a deoxyribonucleoside and monophosphate, and it has been shown to be active against cancer cells and viruses. 8-Allyloxy-9-(b-D-xylofuranosyl)guanine inhibits the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis and protein synthesis, which may be due to its inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase. This drug also has antiviral activity against HIV, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2).</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine is a nucleoside monophosphate that is used in the treatment of HIV infection. The antiviral activity of N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine is due to its ability to inhibit viral DNA synthesis by competing with natural substrates for incorporation into the growing chain. This compound also inhibits cancer cell proliferation and may be useful in the treatment of other forms of cancer. N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine is synthesized from 2,4,6,-trichlorophenylpiperazine (TCPP) and cyanogen bromide in a two step process using phosphoramidites.</p>

<p>2',3'-Di-O-acetyl-D-uridine is a nucleoside for use in research applications</p>

<p>N4-Acetyl-5-methylcytidine is a novel, modified nucleoside with antiviral and anticancer properties. It is an activator of RNA polymerase II and inhibits DNA synthesis by inhibiting the activity of DNA polymerase. N4-Acetyl-5-methylcytidine has been shown to be effective in treating cancers that are sensitive to chemotherapy, such as lymphomas, myelomas, and leukemias. It can be used as a substitute for cytosine in the synthesis of oligonucleotides and phosphoramidites.</p>

<p>6-Amino-4-hydrazino-1-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine is a nucleoside phosphoramidite which is used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides. It is a novel modified nucleoside and has antiviral and anticancer activities. 6-Amino-4-hydrazino-1-(b-D ribofuranosyl)-1H pyrazolo[3,4 d]pyrimidine can be used as an activator for 2'-deoxyribonucleotide synthesis and an inhibitor of ribonucleotide synthesis.</p>