Protein-Protein Interaction Modulator

Efficient chemiluminescent NH2-coupling reagent for detection of proteins

Inhibits anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bcl-w. Synergistic with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in several tumour cell lines. Potent activity as a single agent in lymphoid cancer and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines. Causes tumour regression in SCLC xenograft tumour in vivo.

KRAS G12C inhibitor

Induces Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4) and reduces the expression of MYC.  Anti-tumor activity of APTO 253 has been demonstrated in AML and haematological malignancies. Inducing KLP4 expression in ovarian cancer cells using APT0 253 sensitises cells to cisplatin  and paclitaxel. BRCA1/2-deficient cancer cells are hypersensitive to APTO 253, which mediates its action by causing DNA damage.

Activator of p53; inhibitor of NF-?B

(2R)-Arimoclomol maleate is an investigational pharmaceutical compound, which is an orally bioavailable small molecule with pharmacological activity primarily targeting cellular protein homeostasis mechanisms. This therapeutic agent is derived from molecular chaperones and operates by selectively enhancing the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs). The mechanism of action involves the modulation of the heat shock response, wherein (2R)-Arimoclomol maleate amplifies the natural cellular defense pathways against protein misfolding and aggregation.

Activator of RET signalling cascade and a derivative of a GFL mimetic compound BT 13. Molecular docking calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were performed in GDNF−GFRα1−RetA complex and showed that BT 18 binds to the allosteric site in GFRα1 as well as RetA surface interfacing GFRα1.

Inhibitor of Hsp90 chaperone protein; anti-neoplastic

Autophagy inhibitor that selectively targets the StART domain of GRAMD1A

Inhibitor of BET bromodomain; antineoplastic

Inhibits RGS proteins, selective for RGS4

Obatoclax mesylate is a synthetic small molecule, which is derived from chemical synthesis with a primary mode of action as a pan-BCL-2 inhibitor. This compound antagonizes multiple anti-apoptotic proteins within the BCL-2 family, ultimately promoting apoptosis in malignant cells. Its ability to inhibit these proteins disrupts the survival mechanisms that cancer cells exploit, potentially restoring apoptotic pathways that are often dysregulated in cancerous tissues.

17-AAG is the first clinically tested hsp90 inhibitor that exhibits antitumor activity. Its antitumor effects are documented in vivo for various animal models, including erbB2-dependent breast cancer, prostate cancer models, and melanoma.