Hormones in Recombinant Proteins

<p>Applications 5α-Pregnane-3β,20(S)-diol, is a metabolite of Progesterone (P755900).<br>References Beall, et al.: Biochem. J., 31, 35 (1937), Okuda, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 259, 7519 (1984), Russell, D., et al.: Biochemistry, 31, 4737 (1992), Kondo, K., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 219, 357 (1994), Westerbacka, J., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 88, 4924 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications A degradation and metabolic intermediate of Dexamethasone (D298800). A Dexamethasone enol aldehyde as inflammation inhibitor.<br>References Weiss, G., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 43, 696 (1976), Hirschmann R., et al.: Steroids, 57, 579 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Enzalutamide Carboxylic Acid is used as hormone therapies to prevent androgen-fuled growth of castrate-resistant prostate cancer.<br>References Tomasz, M.B., et al.: New Engl, J. Med., 424, 371 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications JHSB3 is an acyclic sesquiterpenoid that regulates many aspects of insect physiology. Juvenile Hormone regulate development, reproduction, diapause, and polyphenisms.<br>References Kotaki, T., et al.: Org. Let., 11, 5234 (2009); Riddiford, L.: Adv. Insect Physiol., 24, 213 (1994); Wyatt, G., Davey, K.: Adv. Insect Physiol., 26, 1 (1996); Nijhout, H.: Insect Hormones (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton) (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Indole-3-acetic acid in plants.<br>References Barratt, N., et al.: Physiol. Plant, 105, 207 (1999), Jackson, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 4350 (2001), Staswick, P., et al.: Plant Cell, 17, 616 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Androstenediol 3-Acetate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Pregnenolone (P712200) which is a steroid hormone involved in the steroidogenesis of progesterone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.<br>References Stastna, E., et al.: Steroids., 75, 721 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pralmorelin is a growth hormone secretagogue that acts on the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus to stimulate and amplify pulsatile growth hormone release.<br>References Howard, A. D., et al.: Science, 273, 974 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Stability Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications Anabolic steroid. Androgen.Controlled substance.<br>References Schanzer, W., et al.: Clin. Chem., 42, 1001 (1996), Kicman, A., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 154, 502 (2008), Fragkaki, A., et al.: Steroids, 74, 172 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Androgen. It has been used as an androgenic agent. Controlled substance (anabolic steroid).<br>References Bichet, N., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 106, 509 (1990), Gustafson, D., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 53, 245 (2000), Copple, B., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 77, 172 (2004), Takashima, K., et al.: Life Sci., 78, 2787 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications (R,S)-Equol is a human urinary metabolite of the soy isoflavones Daidzein (D103500).<br>References Heinonen, S., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 274, 211 (1999), Setchell, K., et al.: J. Nutr., 132, 3577 (2002), Thigpen, J., et al.: Comp. Med., 53, 607 (2003), Yee, S., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 2713 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Abiraterone Ethyl Ether is an impurity of Abiraterone (A108490), a steroidal cytochrome P 450 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase inhibitor (CYP17), is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a potential drug for the treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.<br>References Denis, L., et al.: Cancer, 72, 3888 (1993); Potter, G.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2463 (1995); Denmeade, S., et al.: Nat. Rev., 2, 389(2002); Scher, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 8253 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications epi Dienogest, is metabolite of Dienogest (D441870), a derivative of 19-Nortestosterone, that in combination with estrogencan acts as oral contraceptive.<br>References Hubner, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 30, 401 (1980), Spona, J., et al.: Contraception, 56, 185 (1997), Foster, R.H., et al.: Drugs, 56, 825 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-cys(1)-calcitonin Salmon is a derivative of Calcitonin (salmon), is a 32-amino acid linear polypeptide hormone that is produced in thyroid in humans. It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH).<br>References Boron, WF., et al.: Med. Physi., A Cellular and Molecular Approach (2004); Andreotti, G. et al.: J. Bio. Chem., 281, 24193 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications Testololactone, is the derivative of Testolactone (T154800), which is an antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and is used to treat advanced stage breast cancer.<br>References Dunkel, L.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 254, 207 (2006); Eugster, E. A.: Treat. Endocrinol., 3, 141 (2004); Holbeck, S.L. et al.: Mol. Cancer Therap., 9, 1451 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Juvenile Hormone B 3 is a sesquiterpenoid produced by the larval ring gland and adult corpus allatum (CA) of Drosophila melanogaster. Juvenile hormones regulate development, reproduction, diapause, and polyphenisms.<br>References Wang, Ch., et al.: Gen. Comp. Endocr., 176, 347 (2012); Bendena, W.G., et al.: Gen. Comp. Endocr., 172, 56 (2011); Wyatt, G., Davey, K.: Adv. Insect Physiol., 26, 1 (1996); Nijhout, H.: Insect Hormones (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton) (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Quillaic Acid an unglycosylated saponin from the Quillaja saponaria bark is used as a topical antiinflammatory.<br>References Arrau, S. et al.: J. Ethnopharm., 133, 164 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications It is used as cholesterol-lowering agent.<br>References Bauer, D., et al.: Polym Deg. Stab., 48, 259 (1995), Nakahara, K., et al.: Chem. Physics Lett., 359, 351 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Human Hepcidin peptide hormone product also know as LEAP-1 (liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide), where the disulfides are formed by random oxidation. Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is synthesized in the liver and is an important regulator of iron homeostasis. Through binding to ferroportin Hepcidin prevents the exportation of iron thus reducing the amount of circulating iron. Furthermore through inflammatory cytokine induction Hepcidin leads to the internalization and degradation of ferroportin thus further reducing the amount of iron in circulation. This in turn make conditions unfavourable to invading pathogens. This demonstrates Hepcidin's ability as an anti-microbial peptide. This antimicrobial behaviour can be used in research into the elimination of pathogens but also in combatting diseases where iron dysregulation is prevalant.</p>

<p>Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptides.</p>

<p>Hepcidin Protein, Larimichthys crocea, Recombinant is expressed in E.</p>

<p>Meteorin-like/METRNL Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E.</p>

<p>Hormone regulating the release of corticotropin from pituitary gland. Induces NLRP6 in intestinal epithelial cells, hence may influence gut microbiota profile.</p>

<p>CGRP induces vasodilation.</p>

<p>Adiponectin Protein, Bovine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag.</p>

<p>Adiponectin Protein, Feline, Recombinant is expressed in E.</p>

<p>Functions as a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with GPHA2 able to bind and activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to increased</p>

<p>Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR).</p>

<p>Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain Protein, Canine, Recombinant (His &amp; Myc) is expressed in E. coli.</p>

<p>Meteorin-like/METRNL Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E.</p>

<p>Relaxin is an ovarian hormone that acts with estrogen to produce dilatation of the birth canal in many mammals.</p>

<p>Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptides.</p>

<p>PTHLH Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E.</p>

<p>Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain Protein, Canine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Yeast.</p>

<p>Expression system: E. coli&lt;br&gt;Length: 71-132, Partial&lt;br&gt;Activity: Not Tested</p>

<p>Expression System: E. coli&lt;br&gt;Length: 59-83, Full Length of Mature Protein&lt;br&gt;Activity: Not Tested</p>

<p>Hormone induced following exercise or cold exposure that promotes energy expenditure.</p>

<p>Produced only during pregnancy and is involved in stimulating lactation, fetal growth and metabolism.</p>

<p>Hormone that seems to suppress insulin ability to stimulate glucose uptake into adipose cells.</p>

<p>Functions as a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with GPHA2 able to bind and activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to increased</p>

<p>Iron-regulatory hormone that acts as an erythroid regulator after hemorrhage: produced by erythroblasts following blood loss and mediates suppression of</p>

<p>Plays an important role in growth control.</p>

<p>Plays an important role in growth control.</p>

<p>Insulin-1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (E. coli, His &amp; Myc) is expressed in E. coli.</p>

<p>PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion.</p>

<p>Insulin-1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His &amp; Myc) is expressed in Yeast.</p>

<p>Expression System: HEK293 Cells&lt;br&gt;Length: 25-54 90-110, Partial&lt;br&gt;Activity: Not Tested</p>

<p>Expression System: E. coli&lt;br&gt;Length: 24-51, Ghrelin&lt;br&gt;Activity: Not Tested</p>

<p>Expression System: E. coli&lt;br&gt;Length: 90-84, Hepcidin-25&lt;br&gt;Activity: Not Tested</p>

<p>PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion.</p>

<p>Applications The labelled epimer of Medroxyprogesterone acetate (M203560). Progesterone impurity.<br>References Tang, M., et al.: Endocrinol., 151, 1320 (2010), Lee, K., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 319, 109 (2010), Rodgers, A., et al.: Chem., Res. Toxicol., 23, 724 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the synthesis of a cholesterol absorption inhibitor.<br>References Kambara, T. et al.; J. Org. Chem. 64, 9282 (1999); Wu, G. et al.; J. Org. Chem. 62, 6412 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Iron-regulatory hormone that acts as an erythroid regulator after hemorrhage: produced by erythroblasts following blood loss and mediates suppression of</p>

<p>Applications 4-Androsten-11b,17b-diol-3-one-2,2,4,6,6-d5 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 11β-Hydroxytestosterone (H956785)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of 17β-Nandrolone (N315000).<br>References Dumasia, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 14, 647 (1984), Schanzer, W., et al.: Clin. Chem., 42, 1001 (1996), Hartmann, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 17, 193 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17α-Methyl-5α-androstane-2β,3α,17β)-triol is a derivative of Madol (M108000, which is an anabolic steroid recently identified to be misused as a doping agent. The potency of Madol (DMT) to transactivate androgen receptor (AR) dependent reporter gene expression was two times lower as compared to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).<br>References Zierau, O., et al.: Planta Med., 69, 856 (2003), Takahashi, M., et al.: Endocr. J., 51, 425 (2004), Labrie, F., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 184, 427 (2005),Friedel, A., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 164, 16(2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Acid Sensitive<br>Applications 17β-(Trimethylsiloxy)testosterone is an anabolic steriod, and a derivative compound of Testosterone (T155000), Principal hormone of the testes, produced by the interstitial cells. Major circulating androgen; converted by 5α-reductase in androgen-dependent target tissues to 5α-dehydrotestosterone which is required for normal male sexual differentiation. Also converted by aromatization to Estradiol.Testerone is a controlled substance (anabolic steroid). Androgen.<br>References McFarland, K., et al.: Science, 245, 494 (1989), Heckert, L., et al.: Mol. Endocrinol., 12, 1499 (1998), Themmen, A., et al.: Endocr. Rev. 21, 551 (2000), Kumar, R., et al.: Biol. Reprod., 65, 710 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5α-Pregnane-3-one-20α-ol, is a steroid metabolome, that can be used for in studies of a possible tool for laboratory diagnosis of schizophrenia. It is also a metabolite of Progesterone (P755900) in adipose cells.<br>References Bicikova, M., et al.: J. Steriod Biochem. Mol. Bio., 77, 133 (2013); Zhang, Y., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinology, 298, 76 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-2,2,4,6,6-d5 Propionate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone Propionate (T155045)<br></p>

<p>Applications Androstenedione (A637550) analog, an aromatase inhibitor.<br>References Marsh, D.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 28, 788 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-2,2,4,6,6-d5 Acetate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone 17-O-Acetate (T155025)<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-2,2,4,6,6-d5 Heptanoate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone Enanthate (T155080)<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-2,2,4,6,6-d5 Benzoate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone Benzoate (T155015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-16,16,17-d3 17-Phenylpropionate, is the labeled analogue of Testosterone 17-Phenylpropionate (T155150), a Testosterone ester being misused by athletes in an attempt to improve sports performance. It can also be used as a therapy in glucocorticoid-treated patients to increase the circulating testosterone concentration.<br>References Shackleton, C. H. L., et al.: Steroids, 62 (7), 523 (1997); Reid, I. R., et al.: Archives Internal Med., 156 (11), 1173 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-16,16,17-d3 Hexanoate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone Hexanoate (T155125)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Androsten-17alpha-methyl-17beta-ol-3-one-1,2-d2 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 17α-Methyl Testosterone (M326400)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Androstenediol is a steroid androgen metabolite of Testosterone (T155000), the principal hormone of the testes, produced by the interstitial cells.<br>References Miller, M., et al.: Steroids., 78, 15 (2013); Baker, M.E., et al.: Steroids., 77, 1192 (2012); Ronis, M.J.J. et al.: Comp. Biochem. Physiol.-C: Pharmacol. Toxicol. Endocrinol., 121C, 221 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dydrogesterone (D826000) intermediate. Used in the preparation of 10α-steroids.<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone Heptanoate-6,6,7,7,7-d5 (CAS# 1263095-31-3) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled steroid hormone with weak androgenic activity. It is metabolized from Testosterone (T155000) in the liver and is used in doping analysis to detect testosterone misuse. Controlled Substance.<br>References Park, J., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 14, 66 (1990),; Palonek, E., et al.: J. Steroid Mol. Biol., 55, 121 (1995); Aguilera, R., et al.: Clin. Chem. 47, 292 (2001); Flenker, U., et al.: Steroids, 73, 408 (2008); Saudan, C. et al.: Steroids, 70, 179 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Insulin Porcine is a two chain, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 51 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 5777 Dalton.  The a and b chains are joined by two interchain disulfide bonds with the a chain containing an intrachain disulfide bond. Insulin regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat.</p>

<p>Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a protein hormone that plays a crucial role in the reproductive cycle. It stimulates the growth and development of follicles in the ovaries, which produce estrogen and progesterone. FSH also regulates spermatogenesis in men. Studies have shown that FSH has inhibitory activity on cyclin-dependent kinases, which are enzymes that regulate the cell cycle. This inhibitory activity leads to decreased cell proliferation and growth, making it a potential treatment for cancer. In vitro studies have demonstrated its effectiveness against breast and lung cancer cells lines when combined with kinase inhibitors. Additionally, FSH has been found to stimulate protein kinase activity, which may be useful in developing therapies for other diseases such as diabetes and osteoporosis.</p>

<p>Erythropoietin is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells, and is used for patients with anemia. It is a recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) that has been produced by genetic engineering. Erythropoietin binds to receptors on the surface of many types of cells, including those in the bone marrow. This binding stimulates the production of red blood cells from precursor cells in the bone marrow, and increases oxygen-carrying capacity in blood. The half-life of erythropoietin is approximately 36 hours. This drug also can be used to reduce high blood pressure and improve responsiveness to other drugs that are given intravenously. Erythropoietin can cause an increase in asialoglycoprotein levels in serum, which may be due to its effects on hepatocytes or erythrocytes.</p>

<p>Expression system: HEK294 Cells&lt;br&gt;Length: 27-217, Full Length of Mature Protein&lt;br&gt;Activity: Not Tested</p>