Steroids and Derivatives

<p>Applications Preclinical profile of Ciclesonide, a novel corticosteroid for the treatment of asthma.<br>References Austin, R., et al.: Eur. Respir. J., 20, 1386 (2002), Belvisi, M.G., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 314, 568 (2005), Richter, K., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 146 ( 2005).<br></p>

<p>Applications (5α)-17,17-Dimethyl-18-nor-2-oxaandrost-13-en-3-one is metabolite and impurity of the anabolic steroid Oxandrolone (O845050).<br>References Fragkaki, A.G. et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 115, 44 (2009); Bi, H. et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 42, 533 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Des(1,1-dimethylethyl) N-Cyclohexyl Finasteride is an impurity of Finasteride (F342000); an inhibitor of 5α-reductase which is the enzyme that converts testosterone to the more potent androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone.Also an antialopecia agent.<br>References Koronkowski, M.J., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 13, 309 (1993); Tenover, J.L., et al.: Clin. Ther., 19, 243 (1997); McConnell, J.D., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 338, 557 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications The epimer metabolite of Calcifediol or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (C125700).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sakaki, T., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 267, 6158 (2000), Kamao, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 1463 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications An Atorvastatin (A791750) derivative which have improved stability.<br></p>

<p>Stability Not stable in Acidic or basic condition<br>Applications 6β-Methyl Fluorometholone is an impurity in the synthesis of Fluorometholone (F593145), a glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.<br>References Kupferman, A., et al.: Arch. Ophthlmol., 640, 100 (1982), Tokunaga H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32, 4012 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone (T155000) derivative.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Prednisolone 21-Sulfate is a metabolite of Prednisolone (P703740).<br>References Hutzler, J., ET AL.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 355 (2002), Sugiyama, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 43489 (2003), Hagenbuch, B., et al.: Xenobiotica, 38, 778 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Estradiol (E888000) derivative. An estrogen.<br>References Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986), Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications Topical anti-inflammatory agent. Glucocorticoid.<br>References Stache, U., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 35, 1753 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of Finasteride (F342000).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications α-Epoxyabiraterone Acetate is an impurity of Abiraterone (A108490), a steroidal cytochrome P 450 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase inhibitor (CYP17), is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a potential drug for the treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.<br>References Denis, L., et al.: Cancer, 72, 3888 (1993); Potter, G.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2463 (1995); Denmeade, S., et al.: Nat. Rev., 2, 389(2002); Scher, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 8253 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Fulvestrant 17-Ketone, is an impurity of Fulvestrant (F862500), a novel steroidal estrogen antagonist reported to lack any partial agonist activity. Antineoplastic (hormonal).<br>References Wakeling, A.E., et al.: Cancer Res., 51, 3867 (1991), Howell, A., et al.: Br. J. Cancer, 74, 300 (1996), Robertson, J.F., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 6739 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications 20β-Dihydrocortisone is a metabolite of Cortisol (H714615), a steroid hormone, more specifically a glucocorticoid, produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. Cortisol is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucocorticoids. Its primary functions are to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis; suppress the immune system; and aid in fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism.<br>References Reach, G., et. al.: Steroids, 30, 621 (1977); Vigore, L., et al.: Cancer Ther., 6, 699 (2008); Puurunen, J., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 94, 1973 (2009); Lemos, D., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 201, 275 (2009); Chen, S., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 296 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A potential metabolite of Exemestane (E957000).<br>References Buzzetti, F., et al.: Steroids, 58, 527 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Mestranol (M258755) derivative. It is used as contraceptive.<br>References Cullen, L.F., et al.: J. Pharma. Sci., 57, 1857 (1968),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cholesterol. It is formed from Cholesterol by the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P 450 3A4. A potential ligand for the nuclear receptor LXR and also a new endogenous CYP3A marker.<br>References Breuer, O., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 36, 2275 (1995), Pikuleva, I., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 18153 (1998), Chawla, A., et al.: Science, 294, 1866 (2001), Bodin, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 38685 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications 15-Keto Latanoprost is a metabolite of Latanoprost (L177280).<br>References Sjoquist, B., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 745 (1998), Watson, P., et al.: Drugs Today, 35, 449 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tixocortol is an anti-inflammatory agent. Tixocortol is used in fluorescent chemoaffinity labeling.<br>References Torossian, D.R., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 31, 453 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Applications A Dexamethasone Dipropionate metabolite.<br>References Miyachi, Y., et al.: Steroids, 52, 137 (1988), Soh H., et al.: Brit. J. dermatol., 125, 73 (1991), Civiale, C., et al.: J. Ocul. Pharmacol., Thera., 20, 75 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications (11β)-9-Fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16-methyl-pregna-1,4,16-triene-3,20-dione is a derivative of Dexamethasone (D298800), an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid.<br>References Kodelja, V., et al.: J. Immunol., 160, 1411 (1998), Metselaar, J., et al.: Arthritis Rheum., 48, 2059 (2003), Buttgereit, F., et al.: Arthritis Rheum., 50, 3408 (2004), Martinez, F., et al.: Front Biosci., 13, 453 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications (16α)-21-[(Ethoxycarbonyl)oxy]-17-hydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4,9(11)-triene-3,20-dione is an impurity of Dexamethasone (D298800), a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.<br>References Spangler, M., et al.: Chromatographia, 54(5/6), 329-334 (2001);Wershil, B.K., et al.: Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 107, 323 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications 17α-Hydroxy-progesterone Valerate acts as a synthetic Progesterone (P755900) reducing the chance of pre-term birth in women. Progesterone is a steroid hormone produced by the corpus luteum. Induces maturation and secretory activity of the uterine endothelium; suppresses ovulation<br>References Anderson, E., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 197 (2002), Lanari, C., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 240 (2002), Albrecht, E.D., et al.: Front. Biosci., 8, 416 (2003), Qiu, M., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 85, 147 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 6α-9-Difluoroprednisolone-17-Carboxylate is an impurity of 6α,9α-Difluoroprednisolone (D446290), shown to increase metastases and increase glucocorticoid activity in C57/BL6 mice.<br>References Albert, D., Zeidman, I.: Cancer Res., 22, 1297 (1962)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atorvastatin 2-Hydroxy Lactone<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Homoanalog of Triamcinolone is a rearrangement product of the drug triamcinolone, an anti-inflammatory drug.<br>References Delaney, E. J.; et al.: Steroids, 59, 196 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxy Estradiol 6-N3-Adenine is a depurinating adduct that is created by the interaction of specific metabolites of estrogens in the body with DNA. Unfortunately, these adducts are endogeneous initiators of various human cancers, such as breast &amp; prostate.<br>References Yang, L., et al.: Prostate, 69, 41 (2009); Zahid, M., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 164 (2006); Zhang, Y., et al.: Metabol. Clin. Exp., 56, 887 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxy-estrone-6-N3-adenine is a depurinating adduct that is created by the interaction of specific metabolites of estrogens in the body with DNA. Unfortunately, these adducts are endogenous initiators of various human cancers, such as breast &amp; prostate.<br>References Yang, L., et al.: Prostate, 69, 41 (2009); Zahid, M., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 164 (2006); Zhang, Y., et al.: Metabol. Clin. Exp., 56, 887 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications (6α,9β,11β,16α)-21-(Acetyloxy)-9,11-epoxy-6-fluoro-17-hydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione is an intermediate in the synthesis of Paramethasone Acetate (P191845), a derivative of Dexamethasone (D298800), a potent synthetic member of the glucocorticoid class of steroid drugs that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant properties.<br>References Wershil, B.K., et al.: Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 107, 323 (1995), Riccardi, C., et al.: Cell Death Diff., 6, 1182 (1999), Llanos, S.L. and Roldan, A.: Bio Cell, 23, 29 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Mexrenone is an impurity of eplerenon (E588775). Eplerenone is a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist (SARA), structurally similar to Spiranolactone. Eplerenone is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Eplerenone is in a class of medications called mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of aldosterone, a natural substance in the body that raises blood pressure.<br>References de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), Delyani, J.A., et al.: Cardiovasc. Drug Rev., 19, 185 (2001), Burgess, E., et al.: Expert. Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 2573 (2004), Ravis, W.R., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 810 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbenoxolone<br></p>

<p>Applications α,α,α-Trifluorotoluene, is used as a specialty solvent in organic synthesis and an intermediate in the production of pesticides and pharmaceuticals.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Skelly, P. D., et al.: Handbook for Critical Cleaning, 1, 191 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Equilin (E592800).<br>References Enmark, E., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 4258 (1997), Wang, Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 2419 (2000), Jiang, X., et al.: Steroids, 71, 334 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications E-Ospemifene is the E-isomer of Ospemifene (O703000) and is useful for lowering serum cholesterol. It acts as a antiatherosclerotic and is also estrogen-like.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sodervall, M., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 9942427 A1 19990826. Aug 26, 1999<br></p>

<p>Applications Betamethasone acetate (BA) is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties which can be used in treatment of asthma and itching.<br>References Kerns, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 90, 1838 (2001), Seidler, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 46, 4477 (2003), Alsenz, J., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 96, 1748 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Bexarotene (B336750). Used as an antineoplastic. A selective retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist.<br>References Boehm, M.F., et al.: J. Med. Che., 37,2930 (1994), Gottardis, M.M., et al.: Cancer Res., 56, 5566 (1996), Mukherjee, R., et al.: Nature, 386, 407 (1997), Miller, V.A., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 15, 790 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Estriol.<br>References Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dexamethasone Acetate Impurity E is a pregn-4-ene derivative used in the preparation of antiallergic and antiinflammatory drugs.<br>References Nedelec, L., et al.: Ger. Offen. (1978)<br></p>

<p>Applications Atorvastatin-d5 tert-Butyl Ester is the labeled analogue of Atorvastatin tert-Butyl Ester (A791740), an impurity arising in the synthesis of Atorvastatin (A791750), a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Kearney, A.S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 1461 (1993); Heinonen, T.M., et al.: Clin. Ther., 18, 853 (1996); Whitfield, L.R., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 25, 97 (2000)<br></p>