Flavonoids and Polyphenols

<p>Applications Probucol is an antilipemic.<br>References Shakir, D., et al.: J. Clin. Med. Res., 1, 8 (2009), Kubo, Y., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 32, 1880 (2009), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Urolithin B is an intestinal microbial metabolite of ellagitannis and exhibits potent anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant activies depending on the assay system and conditions. Urolithin B can also display estrogenic and/or anti-estrogenic activity.<br>References Kallio, T., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 61, 10720 (2013); Nealmongkol, P., et al.: Tetrahedron, 69, 9277 (2013); Larrosa, M., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 54, 1611 (2006); Bialonska, D., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 57, 10181 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tyrosol-d4 is the isotope labelled analog of Tyrosol (T947800); a phenolic antioxidant.<br>References Perez-Trujillo, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 9129 (2010); Gregus, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 53, 674 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lobetyolin is a natural phenolic glycoside found in herbal remedies used in Chinese and Korean medicine. Potential treatment for diabetic complications.<br>References Jang, D. et al.: Arch. Pharm. Res., 33, 875 (2010); Koike, Y. et al.: J. Nat. Med., 64, 245 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Triclosan is used as bactericide and preservative for cosmetic and detergent compositions (1). Broadly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant (2).This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Lindström, A. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002 Jun 1;36(11):2322-9. 2. Ruszkiewicz, J. et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B. Crit. Rev. 2017;20(2):104-117.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methoxy-4-(1E)-1-propen-1-ylbenzene is a component of essential oils extracted from natural sources. It is also a possible inhibitor of protein kinase CK2α and CK2α’.<br>References Liang, Zhi-yuan, et al.: Shizhen Guoyi Guoyao, 25(7), 1602-1604 (2014);Benelli, Giovanni, et al.: Indus. Crops and Prod., 124, 236-243 (2018);Baier, Andrea, et al.: Phytochem., 136, 39-45 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of trans Resveratrol (150000).<br>References Schroder, H., et al.: Clin. Nutr., 20, 429 (2001), Yu, C., et al.: Pharm. Res., 19, 1907 (2002), Rimando, A., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 4713 (2004), Walle, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 32, 1377 (2004), Ito, H., et al.: Br. J. Nutr., 94, 500 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexahydrocurcumin-d6 is an isotope labelled degradation product of Curcumin (C838500), a dietary anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive agent consisting of two methoxyphenol rings connected by a conjugated heptadienedione chain.<br>References Gordon, D.N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 290, 4817 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications Imperatorin (cas# 482-44-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Vitexin is a phenolic glycoside drug that shows anti-stress activity. It also shows possible application as an anti-diabetic.<br>References Gupta, P. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 21, 1116 (2013); Tao, Y. et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 78, 190 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sulfuric Acid conjugated Genistein metabolite.<br>References Kinjo, J., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 185 (2004), Tsuchihashi, R., et al.: Nat. Med., 58, 71 (2004), Bursztyka, J., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 939 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Exhibits specific inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinases,including autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (IC50 - 2.6uM). Also inhibits other protein kinases through competitive inhibition of ATP. Inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces tumor cell differentiation. Produces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in Jurat T-leukemia cells. However, it prevents anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced thymic apoptosis. Genistein also inhibits topoisomerase II activity in vitro. Genistein has also been shown to inhibit the action of GABA on recombinant GABAA receptors2. uv(max)ethanol: 262.5 nm (e= 138). moderately sol. in hot alcohol<br>References Akiyama, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 262, 5592 (1987), O'Dell, T.J., et al.: Nature, 353, 588 (1991), Aharonovits, O., et al.: Biochim Biophys. Acta, 1112, 181 (1992), Platanias, L.C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 24053 (1992), Yoshida, H., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1137, 321 (1992), Uckun, F.M., et al.: Science, 267, 886 (1995)Merck Index 12th ed. 43952. Huang, R.Q.; Fang, M.J.; Dillon, G.H., Mol. Brain Res. 67: 177-183 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Diosmin EP Impurity E<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Linarine (Diosmin EP Impurity E) is a naturally occurring flavone glycoside that was identified to possess potential sedative and anticonvulsant properties.<br>References Nugroho, A., et al.: Arch. Pharma. Res., 36, 51 (2013); Jung, H.A., et al.: Arch. Pharma. Res., 35, 1021 (2012); Shen, H.J., et al.: J. Med. Plants. Res., 5, 6555 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Allyl Bromide is used as a reagent in the synthesis of Resveratrol derivatives. Resveratrol (R150000) is a minor constituent of wine, correlated with serum lipid reduction and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Resveratrol is a specific inhibitor of COX-1, and it also inhibits the hydroperoxidase activity of COX-1. It has been shown to inhibit events associated with tumor initiation, promotion and progression.<br> E0<br>References Powell, R.G., et al.: Phytochemistry, 35, 335 (1994), Jeandet, P., et al.: J. Phytopathol., 143, 135 (1995), Mattivi, F., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1820 (1995); Mulakayala, C. et al.: J. Mol. Graph. Model., 41, 43 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Triclosan O-β-D-Glucuronide is a metabolite of the bacteriostat, Triclosan (T774250).<br>References Moss, T. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 38, 361 (2000); Wu, J. et al.: Sepu, 27, 724 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications An antioxidant flavenoid.<br>References Dixon, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 285, 36322 (2010), Sheu, M., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 58, 1187 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications An isoflavone with anticancer proliferation, differentiation and chemopreventitive properties. Inhibits metabolic activation of benzo[a]pyrene.<br>References Chae, Y.H., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interactions, 82, 181 (1992), Jing, Y. and Waxman, S.: Anticancer Res., 15(4), 1147 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications An anthocyanin responsible for red pigment in fruits and berries. It is an antioxidant, protecting the cell against damage from SOD.<br>References Riihinen, K., et al.: Food Chem., 110, 156 (2008), Khanizadeh, S., et al.: J. Food Comp. Anal., 21, 396 (2008), Viskelis, P., et al.: J. Food Sci., 74, C157 (2009), Comeskey, D., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 2035 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Diosmin EP Impurity A<br>Applications Isoacetovanillone (Diosmin EP Impurity A) is a volatile compound isolated from oak wood. Also a byproduct in the production of Acetovanillone.<br>References Smith, C., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 69, 265 (2002), Sun, L., et al.: Anticancer Res., 24, 179 (2004), Fernandez de Simon, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 3217 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Chloroxylenol. Chloroxylenol is an antiseptic and germicide. Chloroxylenol is used for mildew prevention. Chloroxylenol is also an antibacterial.<br>References Heberer, T., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 131, 5 (2002); Nikolaou, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 387, 1225 (2007); Focazio, M., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 402, 201 (2008); Miege, C., et al.: Environ. Pollut., 157, 1721 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Triclosan is used as bactericide and preservative for cosmetic and detergent compositions (1). Broadly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant (2). This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Lindström, A. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002 Jun 1;36(11):2322-9. 2. Ruszkiewicz, J. et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B. Crit. Rev. 2017;20(2):104-117.<br></p>

<p>Applications Cannflavin B is a prenylated flavone which can be isolated from the cannabinoid free ethanolic extract of Cannabis sativa L.<br>References Barrett, M. L., Experientia, 42, 452-3, (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Minor constituent of wine, correlated with serum lipid reduction and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Resveratrol is a specific inhibitor of COX-1, and it also inhibits the hydroperoxidase activity of COX-1. It has been shown to inhibit events associated with tumor initiation, promotion and progression.<br>References Powell, R.G., et al.: Phytochemistry, 35, 335 (1994), Jeandet, P., et al.: J. Phytopathol., 143, 135 (1995), Mattivi, F., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1820 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Minor constituent of wine, correlated with serum lipid reduction and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Resveratrol is a specific inhibitor of COX-1, and it also inhibits the hydroperoxidase activity of COX-1. It has been shown to inhibit events associated with tumor initiation, promotion and progression.<br>References Powell, R.G., et al.: Phytochemistry, 35, 335 (1994), Jeandet, P., et al.: J. Phytopathol., 143, 135 (1995), Mattivi, F., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1820 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisdemethoxycurcumin is one of the three major forms of curcuminoids found in the rhizomes of turmeric. Bisdemethoxycurcumin displays antioxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as chemotherapeutic activity. Bisdemethoxycurcumin acts as an inhibitor of human pancreatic α-amylase, a target for type-2 diabetes .<br>References Ponnusamy, S. et al.: Food Chem., 135, 2638 (2012); Hung, C.-M. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem., 60, 8427 (2012); Jayaprakasha, G.K. et al.: Food Chem., 98, 720 (2006);<br></p>