Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Applications 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine is a potent inhibitor of the subgenomic hepatitis C virus replicon in Huh-7 cells. 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine has been shown to inhibit Borna Disease virus replication and spread.
References Stuyver, L.J. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 651 (2004); Bajramovic, J.J. et al.: Antiomicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 1422 (2004);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A metabolite of (-)-Emtricitabine (E525000).
References Paff, M. et al.; Antimicrob. Agents Ch. 38, 1230 (1994)

Impurity Abacavir EP Impurity F
Applications N6-Cyclopropyl-9-[(1R,4S)-4-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)methyl]-2-cyclopenten-1-yl]-9H-purine-2,6-diamine (Abacavir EP Impurity F) is an impurity of Abacavir (A104990), a guanosine analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase (NRTI) (1,2).
References (1) Hanumegowda, U., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 749 (2010) (2) Prasse, C., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 1728 (2010)

Applications (1R,3R,4R)-Entecavir is an isomeric impurity of Entecavir (E558900).

Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity H
Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Lamivudine (R)-Sulfoxide (Lamivudine EP Impurity H) is a metabolite of Lamivudine (L172500); a potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and antiviral agent. Lamivudine has been used for treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
References Morris, D.M., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 255 (1944); Nevens, B.F., et al.: Gastroenterology, 113, 1258 (1997); Perry, C.M., et al.: Drugs, 53, 657 (1977)

Applications 2-Hydroxy-2,3-tetrahydrofuranyl Entecavir is an impurity of Entecavir (E558900).

Impurity Zidovudine EP Impurity B
Applications 3'-Chloro-3'-deoxythymidine (Zidovudine EP Impurity B) is an impurity of 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (A825000), a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and a potential antiviral agent.
References Navaneethan, G., et al.: J. Food. Drug Anal., 20, 446 (2012); Srivastav, N.C., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 18, 7542 (2010); Shakya, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 53, 4130 (2010); Fukushima, M., et al.: BIochem. Pharmacol., 59, 1227 (2000);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications (2'R)​-2'-​Deoxy-​2'-​fluoro-​2'-​methyl-uridine 5'-​Triphosphate Tetrasodium Salt is an impurity of Sofosbuvir (P839640) which is a prodrug that is metabolized to the active antiviral agent 2'-deoxy-2'-α-fluoro-β-C-methyluridine-5'-monophosphate.
References Lam, A.M.,et al.: Antimicrob. Agents. Chemotherapy., 56, 3359 (2012); Lam, A.M., et al.: J. Virol., 85, 12334 (2011); Sofia, M.J., et al.: J. Medn. Chem., 53, 7202 (2010);

Applications 5-Azacytidine 2’,3’5’-O-triacetate is a useful compound for the treatment and prevention of cancer and disorders related to abnormal cell proliferation, hematological disorders, and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). It can be also used to synthesize 2'3'5'triacetyl-5-azacytidine which is a prodrug for azacitidine. Azacitidine is a FDA-appproved DNA metnyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor.
References Rajendiran, C., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2012135405 A1 20121004 (2012); Ziemba, A., et al.: Chemother Res Pract 965826, 9 (2011); Beisler, J. A., et al.: J. Carbohyd. Chem 4, 281 (1977)

Impurity Emtricitabine Carboxylic Acid Impurity
Applications Emtricitabine Carboxylic Acid is an impurity of the antiviral agent Emtricitabine (E525035).
References Pendela, M. et al.: Talanta, 82, 125 (2010);

Applications Second generation purine nucleoside analog; antimetabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis and resists deamination by adenosine deaminase. Antineoplastic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Gandhi, V., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 9, 6335 (2003), Kantarjian, H., et al.: Blood, 102, 2379 (2003), Faderl, S., et al.: Cancer, 103, 1985 (2005),

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications Adenosine 5’-Diphosphate-13C5 Ammonium Salt Hydrate is the isotope labelled analog of Adenosine 5’-Diphosphate Ammonium Salt Hydrate (A281700); a nucleoside diphosphate that interacts with a family of ADP receptors found on platelets (P2Y1, P2Y12 and P2X1), to induce platelet activation. ADP in the blood is converted to adenosine by the action of ecto-ADPases, inhibiting further platelet activation via adenosine receptors.
References Gamba, G. et al.: Haematologia, 58, 1215 (1973); Dejana, E. et al.: Thromb. Haemost., 39, 135 (1978)

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications 2,3-Dichloropropionyl Chloride is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 6-chloro-5-cyclohexyl-1-indancarboxylic acid, a potent analgesic, antipyretic, and antiinflammatory agent, and its related compounds.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Sawa, Y., et al.: Yakugaku Zasshi, 96, 653 (1976)

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications 1,2-bis(Chloromethoxy)ethane is a carcinogenic compound.
References Kar, S., Roy, K.: Chemoshpere, 87, 339 (2012)

Applications Methyl 4-Chlorobenzoate is a reactant used in the synthesis of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, a target for novel radiosensitizing agents. As well, used as a reactant in the synthesis of aminopyridine functionalized polyacrylonitrile fibers.
References Min, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 59, 559 (2016);

Impurity Entecavir EP Impurity D
Applications 4’-epi-Entecavir is an epimeric impurity of the antiviral drug Entecavir (E558900).