Chromogenic Substrates

<p>Aldol® 515 N-glutaryl-L-phenylalanine amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of L-glutamate-phenylalanine (GluPhe)-specific peptidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved the GluPhe-specific peptidase, yielding development of orange-red coloration. In addition, red fluorescence is generated when Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 N-glutaryl-L-phenylalanine amide can be used in enzyme assays and live bacterial cultures. Aldol® 515 N-glutaryl-L-phenylalanine amide is suitable for use in liquid and solid media, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.</p>

<p>Naphthol AS-OL is a widely used chromogenic enzyme substrate that forms a colored product upon reaction with specific enzymes. It is commonly employed in histochemical and cytochemical staining techniques to visualize enzyme activity in cells and tissues. Naphthol AS-OL is particularly useful for detecting the presence of enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and esterases. The resulting colored product can be easily observed under a microscope, allowing researchers to study the distribution and localization of these enzymes in various biological samples.</p>

<p>6-Bromo-2-naphthyl b-D-glucopyranoside is an enzyme substrate used in chromogenic assays with beta-glucosidases. It has been used in culture media for the identification of Legionella pneumophila.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl octanoate is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used to detect enzymes such as phosphatases, lipases, esterases, and proteases. 6-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl octanoate is a ligand for metal ions such as Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II). This product has high purity and quality. It is an enzyme substrate for many enzymes such as phosphatases, lipases, esterases, and proteases. This product can be used in diagnostics of various substances including food testing, environmental testing and staining. 6CIO is a chromogenic substrate that can be used to detect bioluminescence reactions.<br>6CIO is CAS No. 159954-35-5.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-sulfate sodium salt is a lapis substrate, a chromogenic substrate that yields a deep blue color after cleavage. It is used in sulfatase activity assays and for the diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (Morquio A).</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl b-D-cellotetraoside is a chromogenic substrate utilized for the detection and quantification of cellulase enzyme activity. Cellulase enzymes hydrolyze the beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds of cellulose, a major component of plant cell walls. Upon cleavage by cellulase, it releases 4-nitrophenol, a compound that exhibits a yellow color and absorbs strongly at 405 nm, allowing for easy spectrophotometric measurements of cellulase activity levels in various sample types, including bacterial and fungal cultures, environmental samples, and industrial applications.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for beta-glucosidase</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for β-D-Cellobiosidase yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl decanoate is a chromogenic substrate for lipase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl decanoate is used in different applications such as the Pancreatic insufficiency diagnosis, lipid metabolism studies</p>

<p>The 4-Nitrophenyl a-D-xylopyranoside is a highly sensitive and reliable chromogenic substrate tailored for the detection and analysis of alpha-D-xylosidase enzyme activity. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, it forms 4-nitrophenol, a yellow compound with remarkable fluorescence that enables a straightforward, quantitative assay in areas including environmental science, metabolism studies, and enzyme modifier exploration.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used to measure the activity of enzymes in the beta-galactosidase family. This product is a white crystalline solid that dissolves in water and ethanol. 6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronic acid methyl ester has been shown to be stable for at least two years when stored at -20°C. It can be used for diagnostic purposes, such as the detection of bacterial infections, or as an enzyme substrate in biochemistry studies.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase that yields a salmon or rose-coloured precipitate and hence is also known as Salmon-Gal. It can be used in conjunction with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an alternative to the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) for detection of beta-galactosidase activity in bacterial colonies in colorimetric assays. Where beta-galactosidase expressed from a reporter gene in molecular biology experiments, recombinant colonies on growth plates are salmon-coloured while non-recombinants appear as white. Use of nitroblue tetrazolium salt (NBT) with Salmon-Gal may provide faster results, yielding a clear, purple precipitate, than for Salmon-Gal alone. In conjunction with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucoside (X-Glc), Salmon-Gal is useful for simultaneous detection of GUS and Lac activities in the same medium.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-phosphate cyclohexylammonium salt is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the enzymatic activity of beta-galactosidase-6-phosphatase. After cleavage, the nitrophenyl moiety is released exhibiting a light yellowish color. 2-Nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside-6-phosphate cyclohexylammonium salt is used in diagnostic assays such as lysosomal storage disorder.</p>

<p>Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of ?-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved in the presence of ?-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase yielding development of a yellow product. In addition, green fluorescence is generated when a suitable matrix or Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer is present. Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide amide can be used in enzymatic assays or in live bacterial cultures. Aldol® 467 N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide is suitable for use in liquid and solid media, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate targeting the beta-galactosidase enzyme</p>

<p>5-bromo-3-indolyl-b-d-glucopyranoside, also known as 5BIG, is an enzyme substrate for beta-glucosidase. It is used in bacterial assays for the identifcation of Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. After cleavege, it gives an intense blue color.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-6-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic pNP glycoside substrate designed for the detection and assay of specific enzymes, particularly glycosidases. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, this substrate releases a quantifiable 4-nitrophenol moiety enabling straightforward colorimetric measurement. This pNP-linked substrate is versatile and can be efficiently employed in enzyme activity assays, screening enzyme inhibitors, and assessing enzyme mechanisms, enhancing research and development processes in the field of glycobiology.</p>

<p>N-α-benzoyl-DL-arginine-4-nitroanilide hydrochloride is commonly used as a substrate in various enzymatic assays, particularly for studying proteases like trypsin and chymotrypsin. It serves as a synthetic substrate to measure the activity of these enzymes. For instance, it has been used to determine trypsin activity in different organisms and tissues. The substrate has also been employed in studying the enzymatic properties of various proteases, including those found in latex, snake venoms,  and plant seeds. Additionally, it has been utilized to assess the effects of different compounds on trypsin activity, such as condensed tannins and wine.</p>

<p>Crimson-Gal (Crimson-beta-D-galactopyranoside) is a chromogenic indicator for beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields a crimson colored precipitate. Crimson-Gal can also be used as detecting agent for beta-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Read more in the Application Notes.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate targeting lipase, C8 esterase</p>