Antibióticos

Inhibitor of DNA replication; inhibitor of theophylline and caffeine metabolism

Moxalactam Sodium Salt (Mixture of diastereomers) is an oxacephem antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating infections caused by gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Faropenem sodium hemipentahydrate is a penem-class beta-lactam antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating respiratory, skin, and urinary tract infections.

Roxithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic with action on bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and is used for treating respiratory, skin, and soft tissue infections.

Mitomycin A is an antitumor antibiotic with action on DNA cross-linking to inhibit replication and is used for treating various cancers and in research applications.

Pirazinecarboxamide (Pyrazinamide) is an antitubercular agent with action on Mycobacterium tuberculosis by disrupting membrane energetics and is used for treating tuberculosis in combination with other drugs.

Erythromycin thiocyanate is a macrolide antibiotic derivative with action on bacterial protein synthesis inhibition and is used for research and pharmaceutical applications.

Inhibitor of protein synthesis; steroid antibiotic

Cephradine is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating bacterial infections like urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and skin infections.

Epioxytetracycline is a degradation product of the antibiotic oxytetracycline. It has been found in wastewater.

Herbicidin K is a naturally derived herbicide, known for its biological origin from microbial fermentation processes. It is primarily sourced from certain strains of Streptomyces, a genus of Gram-positive bacteria notable for their diverse secondary metabolites. The mode of action of Herbicidin K involves the inhibition of key enzymatic pathways within target plants, leading to the disruption of cellular functions and ultimately plant death. This selectivity is particularly effective against broadleaf weeds, providing a targeted approach to weed management.

Tylosin tartrate is a macrolide antibiotic with action on bacterial protein synthesis inhibition and is used for treating bacterial infections in livestock and poultry.

Benethamine penicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic, which is a semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin. It is sourced from the modification of naturally occurring penicillin compounds, typically produced through the fermentation of Penicillium mold cultures. Benethamine penicillin operates by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It targets the penicillin-binding proteins within bacterial cell membranes, disrupting peptidoglycan cross-linking, which is essential for cell wall structural integrity. This leads to cell lysis and death in susceptible bacteria.

Repromicin is a novel antibiotic, which is derived from a unique strain of actinobacteria. This organism is known for its ability to produce a wide range of bioactive compounds. Repromicin operates by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, a mode of action that involves binding to the bacterial ribosome and interfering with the translation process. This leads to an effective halt in bacterial growth and proliferation.

Tilmicosin is a macrolide antibiotic that is used in veterinary medicine. It is used to treat bovine respiratory disease and inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of the bacteria resulting in reduced protein synthesis.

Tomopenem is a carbapenem antibiotic, which is a product of synthetic origin with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. It acts by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls through binding to penicillin-binding proteins, thereby disrupting the structural integrity of the cell wall and leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.

Dequalinium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound that has been discovered to be an inhibitor of the cytopathic effects of some syndrome viruses. It is able to inhibit the replication of the virus in various clinical isolates and in cell culture models. Dequalinium chloride also inhibits acetylcholine receptor-mediated endocytosis, which is one of the mechanisms by which cells resist infection. The mechanism by which dequalinium chloride inhibits acetylcholine receptor-mediated endocytosis is not yet known, but it has been suggested that it might be due to its inhibitory activity on mitochondrial uncoupler proteins. This property may make dequalinium chloride an effective treatment against bacterial infections and respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis and asthma.

Neospiramycin I is a macrolide antibiotic with action on bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis and is used for treating bacterial infections in research applications.

Cinoxacin is a quinolone antibiotic with action on bacterial DNA synthesis inhibition and is used for treating urinary tract infections.

Lomefloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with a mode of action that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It is used for treating bacterial infections like bronchitis and urinary tract infections.

Sangivamycin is a nucleoside analog with action as a protein kinase C inhibitor and is used for research on antiviral and anticancer therapies.

Inhibitor of protein synthesis; streptogramin

Puromycin is active against both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Puromycin resistance gene (pac) is a common choice for the selection of mammalian cells since its first application in 1988, especially for therapeutic proteins in mammalian cells where it was used to produce high levels of protein of interest. Puromycin can also be used as a selection marker for Archea.

Antibiotic of tetracycline class; protein synthesis inhibitor

Cephalosporin antibiotic; interferes with cell wall biosynthesis

Pefloxacin mesylate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with action on bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and is used for treating bacterial infections, including urinary and respiratory tract infections.

Inhibitor of protein synthesis; aminoglycoside

Inhibitor of cell-wall synthesis; carbapenem class

Inhibits chaperone protein HSP90; anti-proliferative; antineoplastic

Temocillin disodium is a beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

Applications Spiramycin Embonate is an antibiotic that is used in biological studies in the role of multidrug resistance of Strenotrophomonas maltophilia.
References Huang, Y., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 68, 1987 (2013); Poole, K., et al.: Mol. Microbiol., 21, 713 (1996)

Applications Desacetyl-7-ACA lactone Hydrochlorideis a lactone derivative of 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid (A603415), a fundamental building block in the synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics.
References Fritz-Wolf, K., et al.: Prot. Sci., 11, 92 (2002); Parmar, A., et al.: Crit. Rev. Biotech., 18, 1 (1998)

Antibiotic of penicillin class; inhibits bacterial cell wall biogenesis

Gentamicin C2a is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is a complex of compounds derived from the fermentation of the bacterium *Micromonospora purpurea*. Its mode of action involves binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and resulting in the bactericidal effect on susceptible strains. The disruption of protein synthesis prevents the growth and replication of bacteria, effectively killing them.

Ceftiofur is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating bacterial infections in veterinary medicine.

Kitasamycin is a macrolide antibiotic with a mode of action that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is used for treating bacterial infections in veterinary medicine.

Lincomycin is active against gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, diphtheria bacillus, and clostridia. It is used to treat severe bacterial infections including: sepsis, osteomyelitis, septic endocarditis, pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, infected wounds, purulent meningitis and severe pseudomembranous colitis. Lincomycin is an alternative antibiotic for penicillin-resistant gram-positive bacteria.

Isepamicin sulfate - 70% is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is derived from naturally occurring antibiotic compounds through chemical modifications. Its mode of action involves binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, disrupting protein synthesis and consequently causing bacterial cell death. This mechanism of action is typical of aminoglycosides, characterized by their bactericidal properties against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative bacteria, with some efficacy against certain Gram-positive bacterial strains.