Étalons de l'industrie alimentaire

<p>Applications 17-Hydroxy Pregnenolone, is a metabolite of Pregnenolone (P712200).<br>References Kramer, R., et al.: J. Steroid Biochemi., 18, 715 (1983), Hiwatashi, A., et al.: J. Biochem., 98, 619 (1985), Eiichi, T., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Sci., 95, 140 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isopropyl Myristate is a component of emulsion gel for topical delivery of pharmaceuticals, such as dexibuprofen or estrogen.<br>References Yousuf, M. et al.: Ind. J. Pharm. Sci., 75, 569 (2013); Peltola, S. et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 254, 99 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylcitric Acid is a metabolite of Citric Acid (C521000). It is formed from the condensation of propionoyl-CoA and oxaloacetic acid catalyzed by a citrate synthase enzyme.<br>References Allen, R. H., et al.: Metabolism, 42, 978 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Aflatoxicol is a reduction metabolite of Aflatoxin B1 (A357460), which is a potent environmental mutagen and carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cifford, R., et al.: Nature, 209, 312 (1966); Wogan, et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 12, 681 (1974); Sinz, M.W., et al.: J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev., 10, 87 (1991); Breinholt, V., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 8, 506 (1995); Lee, S., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 5171 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Beauvericin is a toxic depsipeptide with antibiotic and insecticidal effects.<br>References Lee, H., et al.: J. Microbiol., Biotechnol., 18, 138 (2008), Moretti, A., et al.: Int. J. Food Microbiol., 127, 312 (2008), Jestoi, M., et al.: Food Chem., 115, 1120 (2009), Santini, A., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 395, 1253 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Benzyl Butyl Phthalate (B233555). A phthalate metabolite with genotoxic effect.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Reyes, F., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37, 74 (1973), Engel, S., et al.: Neurotoxicology, 30, 522 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isocapric Acid, can be used for terminal chain branching in fatty alcohols and acids, which has shown to enhance the transdermal permeation. It can also be used for the synthesis of the novel bacterial fatty acid 16-methyl-8(Z)-heptadecenoic Acid.<br>References Klimentova, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14 (23), 7681 (2006); Carballeira, N., et al.: Chem. Physics Lipids, 113 (1-2), 23 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Bis(4-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)ethene (cas# 1533-45-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Solifenacin (S676700) .<br>References Hammerlein, A., et al.: Clin. Pharmacokinet., 35, 49 (1998), Schwartz, J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 55, 509 (1994),Wein, A., et al.: Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs, 10, 65 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 6-OH-Monopropylheptylphthalate is a phthalate metabolite originating from a DPHP (B523500) used in plasticizers to improve chemical and physical properties.<br>References Kasper-Sonnenberg, M. et al.: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 215, 373 (2012); Koch, H. et al.: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 214, 188 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications An antimicrobial agent used in cosmetic products.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gilliland, D., et al.: J. Appl. Bacteriol., 72, 258 (1992), Routledge, E., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 153, 12 (1998), Miller, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 32824 (1997), Nakagawa, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 1907 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications α-Tocopherol acetate is the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils.<br>References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Toxic priniciple in seed of Laburnum anagyroides and other Leguminosae. A neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine agonist.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Barlow, R.D., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 35, 161 (1969), Jensen, A.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 15, 4705(2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Hydroxyisobutanol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridinecarbonyl-substituted spirocyclic piperidine ketals as inhibitors of HCV protein NS4B and of hepatitis C viral replication and their lack of cytotoxicity in human cells.<br>References Tai, V.W.-F., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 24, 2288 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Desethyl O-Propyl Sildenafil is an impurity of Sildenafil (S435001); an orally active selective type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor.<br>References Terrett, N.K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 6, 1819 (1996); Goldstein, I., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 338, 1397 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled compound of a widely used chemical with potential thyroid-disrupting properties. Used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).<br>References Boas, M. et al.: Env. Health Persp., 118, 1458 (2010); Petersen, J.H. et al.: Food Add. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Cont. Expos. Risk. Assess., 27, 1608 (2010); Kwack, S.J. et al.: Toxicol. Res., 26, 75 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Methylbenzotriazole is a benzotriazole derivative as corrosion inhibitor.<br>References Gruden, C., et al.: Water Environ. Res., 73, 72 ( 2001), Cancilla, D., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 22, 134 (2003), Hart, D., et al.: Microchem. J., 77, 9 (2004), Gruenheid, S., et al.: Water Res., 39, 3219 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Widely distributed in plants and in animal tissues and fluids. Produced by mycological fermentation on an industrial scale using crude sugar solutions, such as molasses and strains of Aspergillus niger.<br>References Gruber, C. M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 94, 65 (1948),<br></p>

<p>Applications The alkaloid which gives pepper its spiciness, and has been used as an organic insecticide.<br>References Trivedi, A., et al.: J. Adv. Pharm. Technol. Res., 1, 190 (2010), Kakarala, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 6594 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Paraquat Dichloride, a commonly used heribicide. Paraquat Dichloride is a fast-acting and non-selective viologen derivative that kills green plant tissue on contact. Studies suggest that there might be a possible link between Paraquat Dichloride and the development of Parkinson’s disease.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Heylings, J.R. et al.: Toxicology, 241, 1 (2007); Wibawa, W. et al.: Int. J. Agric. Biol., 11, 145 (2009); Franco, R. et al.: Chem.-Biol. Inter., 188, 289 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid Hexyl Octyl Ester is an phthalate esters used as plasticizers and additives. Used in toxiciology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).<br>References Kumar, R., et al.: Am. Lab., 31, 32 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Hexanoate is a short chain flavor ester synthesised through a whole-cell lipase from Aspergillus oryzae WZ007. Also used in the preparation of carbaldehyde hydrazones.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Yan, H. et al.: Cat. Comm., 45, 59 (2014); Neumann, D. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 22, 813 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 7-Benzoyloxindole is an indole derivative with antiinflammatory activity. It is also a metabolite of amfenac (A576500).<br>References Walsh, D.A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 2296 (1990); Welstead, W.J.J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 22, 1074 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, is a versatile building block and a small bioactive molecule, used in various organic synthesis. It is also used as disinfectant, deodorant, and pesticide.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Fahey, D. R., et al.: Macromolecules, 24 (15), 4242 (1991); Rossberg, M., et al.: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications A major component of green coffee the extracts of which promote weight loss in overweight and obese people. Chlorogenic Acid is an important intermediate in lignin biosynthesis. Chlorogenic Acid is an antioxidant and an inhibitor of the tumor promoting activity of phorbol ester. It has protective effect against streptozotocin-nicotinamide generated oxidative stress induced diabetes and may also protect against cardiovascular disease.<br>References Chem. and Eng. News p. 20 April 15, 2013; Karthikesan, K. et al.: J. Func. Foods, 2, 134 (2010); Lincoln, W.M. et al.: Clin. Exp. Phamacol. Physiol., 27, 152 (2000); Gamborg, O.L. et al.: Can. J. Biochem., 45, 1451 (1967);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1-Propanol is a low molecular weight alcohol that is currently being investigated as an alternative fuel for direct methanol/oxygen fuel cells. 1-Propanol is also used as a coupling and dispersing agent in the pharmaceutical and chemicals industries.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gupta, M., et al.: Fluid Phase Equil., 244, 26 (2006); Lamy, C., et al.: J. Appl. Electrochem., 31, 799 (2001); Wang, J., et al.: J. Electrochem. Soc., 142 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lactulose is a synthetic, non-digestible sugar used in the treatment of chronic constipation; laxative.<br>References Voskuijl, W. et al.: Gut, 53, 1590 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications A pyrolysate of protein that exhibits potent mutagenic principles toward Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) and 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeAαC) are two mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed during ordinary cooking.<br>References Sugimura, T., et al.: Mutation Research, 290, 43 (1993), Eisenbrand &amp; Tang: Toxicology, 84, 1 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications (6Z)-6-Octadecenoic Acid, is a monounsaturated fatty acid and isomer of oleic acid, that is a component of plant lipids. Arachidonic acid levels decrease, while linoleic acid levels increase, in the heart, liver, and blood of rats fed a diet containing petroselinic acid.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity I<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications N’-Desmethyl Azithromycin (Azithromycin EP Impurity I) is a metabolite of Azithromycin (A927000) as potential anti-infective, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and prokinetic agent.<br>References Bright, G., et al.: J. Antibiot., 41, 1029 (1988), Goldman, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 34, 426 (1990), Gandhi, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 23, 1073 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Phenyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate is a substance for the production of stable exenatide preparations for treating diabetes and obesity. Investigation of drug partition property in artificial sebum for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agent into the hair and sebaceous follicles. In vitro and molecular docking studies on the side chains of parabens as modulators of antiandrogenic activities.<br>References Valiveti, S., et al.: Int. J. Pharm.; Zhong, H., et al.: From Faming Zhuanli Shenqing (2009), CN 101366692 A 20090218; Ding, K., et al.: Env. Sci. Technol., 51, 6452 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(4-hydroxybutyl) Terephthalate is an intermediate formed in the synthesis of Cyclotris(1,4-butylene Terephthalate) (C988975), a cyclic trimer of poly(butylene terephthalate), a thermoplastic engineering polymer.<br>References East, G.C. et al.: Polymer, 23, 323 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-α-Terpineol comes from the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. Et Zucc. collected from Guizhou which possesses anti-oxidant activities.<br>References Zhou, J., et al.: Shipin Kexue, 35, 137-141 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chrysin is a flavanoid with anti-inflammatory effect and potential protective effects against cancer and cardiovascular disease. Studies show that Chrysin is central benzodiazepine receptor ligand with possible anxiolytic effects. Chrysin was initially believed to have aromatase inhibitor but recent in vivo studies have disproved that. Dyes and metabolites.<br>References O’Leary, K.A. et al.: Mutat. Res., 551, 245 (2004); Wolfman, C. et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 47, 1 (1994); Saarinen, N. et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 78, 231 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Palmitelaidic Acid is the 9E-isomer of Palmitoleic Acid (P144900); a polyunsaturated fatty acid which contributes to reduced protein oxidation in mammals.<br>References Mendez, L. et al.: Free Rad. Biol. Med., 55, 8 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Metabolite of 7-hydroxycoumarin (7-HC). Found in hepatocyte, microsome, S9 fraction of human, dog, monkey, rat and mouse liver.<br>References Ekins, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos. 24, 990 (1996), Bock, K., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 66, 691 (2003), Naritomi, Y., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos. 31, 580 (2003).<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Mannose is a carbohydrate that is important in the glycosylation of molecules in a variety of cellular processes. It is involved in N and O glycosylation of bovine why protein products, used in infant formulas. It is also responsible for the O-glycosylation of the T helper cell-derived cytokine interlukin-17A, an important cell-signaling molecule.<br>References van Leeuwen, S. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 60, 12553 (2012); Geoghegan, K. et al.: Prot. Express. Purif., 87, 27 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Roquefortine C is a potent neurotoxin produced most notably by Penicillium species.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Occupational asthma is the principal cause of work-related respiratory disease in the industrial world. Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) is one of the most common respiratory sensitizers leading to occupational asthma.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Vanoirbeek, J., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 2004, 80, 310 (2004), Crameri, R., et al.: Allergy, 60, 1227 (2005), Ku, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 190, 231 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Gallic Acid exhibits a number of cellular effects including apoptosis and inhibits the growth of calf pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (CPAEC);Also, it is a polyphenol widely found in numerous fruits and vegetables that has been reported to exert anticancer effects, including apoptosis, against cancer cell lines.<br>References Park, W. H.: Mol. Med. Rep., 16, 7805-7812 (2017); Yang, C., et al.: RSC Adv., 8, 12449-12458 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethylene Terephthalate Linear Trimer is a linear oligomer of polyethylene phthalate. A useful intermediate in the synthesis of polyglycol terephthalates.<br>References Zahn, H., et al.: Makromolekulare Chemie, 23, 31 (1957), Borshch, N. A., et al.: Zh. Anal. Khim., 41, 916 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is a naturally occuring compound that has the smell of freshly cut grass and is used to obtain a “green” taste/smell in certain flavours and fragrances.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dahill Jr., R.: J. Chem. Eng. Data, 17, 399 (1972); Serra, S., et al.: Trends Biotechnol., 23, 193 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Blasticidin S Hydrochloride is a fungicide and antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseochromogenes. Potential inhibitor of protein synthesis in bacteria and eukaryotes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Svidritskiy, E. et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 110, 12283 (2013); Izumi, M. et al.: Exp. Cell. Res., 197, 229 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications An acetylene glycol derivative used in water-based coatings and has both antifoaming and surfactant properties. It is highly toxic and have been found in acrylic adhesives used for food packaging multilayers manufacturing.<br>References Schwartz, J. et al.: J. Coat. Tecnhol., 67, 21 (1995); Chinoy, N.F. et al.: Polym. Paint Colour J., 175, 438 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications Flutianil is a fungicide used in the treatment and protection of crops.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dietz, J. et al.: Mod. Crop Prot. Comp., 2, 887 (2012); Cerkauskas, R. et al.: Can. J. Plant Pathol., 33, 385 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications γ-Cyclodextrin is used as nanomolecular encapsulation for drug delivery and pharmaceuticals. Used in the synthesis of unilamellar vesicles.<br>References Ikeda, A. et al.: Chem. Comm., 50, 1288 (2014); Gudmundsdottir, B. et al.: J. Ocular Pharm. Ther., 30, 35 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of isoflavone derivatives. A derivative of Glycitein. Inhibitor.<br>References Whalley, J.L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 1569 (1998), Song, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 1607 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Oxo-12a-hydroxy-5β-cholanoic Acid is a keto bile acid derivative.<br>References Bortolini, O. et al.: Tetra., 62, 4482 (2006); Bortolini, O. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 67, 5802 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A type of biodiesel with industrial applications. Used as a reagent in cholesterol photooxidation.<br>References Hu, P.C. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 50, 3572 (2002); Yu, M.J. et al.: Kor. J. Chem. Eng., 28, 2287 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications One of the main metabolite of phthalates.<br>References Gray, L., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 58, 350 (2000), Sharpe, R., et al.: Br. Med. J., 328, 447 (2004), Stroheker, T., et al.: Toxicology, 208, 115 ( 2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Monohexyl Phthalate is a phthalate ester that was used to characterize human salivary esterase in enzymatic hydrolysis.<br>References Niino, T., et al.: J. Health. Sci., 49, 76 (2003); Moss, E.J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 40, 77 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Mefenamic Acid EP Impurity D<br>Applications Benzoic Acid is used in the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with pharmaceutical activity. Also used in the synthesis of selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists.<br>References Rouhani, M. et al.: Ultrason. Biochem., 21, 262 (2014); Squarcialupi, L. et al.: J. Medic. Chem., 56, 2256 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl Phthalate-d14 is the isotope labelled analog of Diethyl Phthalate, which is a phthalate metabolite with genotoxic effect.<br>References Reyes, F., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37, 74 (1973), Engel, S., et al.: Neurotoxicology, 30, 522 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-[6]-Gingerol is a bioactive compound found in ginger (Zingiber officinale) with antioxidant activity, which functions as an anti-inflammatory and antitumor agent. (+)-[6]-Gingerol down regulates proinflammatory cytokine release by macrophages. (+)-[6]-Gingerol has been shown to inhibit COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Aeschbach, R. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 32, 31 (1994); Tripathi, S. et al.: J. Surg. Res., 130, 318 (2006); Kim, S.O., et al.: Oncogene 24, 2558 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Bis[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propyl]benzene 13595-25-0 (cas# 13595-25-0) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone are benzophenone-type UV filters with known or suspected endocrine disrupting properties detected in surface waters, sunscreens, personal care products, clothing and food packaging. It is used to protect the skin and materials from the adverse effects of UV-radiation.<br>References Wu, M., et al.: Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 141, 235-241 (2017); Krause, M., et al.: Environ. Int., 99, 177-184 (2017); Jimenez-Diaz, I., et al.: J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 1035, 57-66 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Tenofovir (T018500).<br>References Hazra, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 48, 124 (2004), Piketty, C., et al.: Antivir. Ther., 11, 213 (2006), Molto, J., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 29, 648 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxypropanol is a susbtance used in the relative parameter sensitivity in prenatal toxicity studies with substances classified as developmental toxicants. Also applied in the studies for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in cigarette packaging materials by SPME-GC/MS.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rorije, E., et al.: Reprod. Toxicol., 34, 284 (2012); Hong, W, et al.: Fujian Fenxi Ceshi, 19, 24 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxylated flavone derivative with strong anti-oxidant and radical scavenging properties. Suggested to play a role in cancer prevention.<br>References Shimoi, L., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 15, 2669 (1994), Bors, W., et al.: Meth. Enzymol., 234, 420 (1994)Merck Index 12th ed. 5641<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl Terephthalate is a diester compound formed from terephthalic acid (T112500). Diethyl Terephthalate is used in the production of polyesters.<br>References Al, A., et al.: J. Materials. Sci., 44, 2674 (2009); Veronese, E., et al.: Phytomedicine, 12, 123 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Nervonic acid is a fatty acid. It is particularly abundant in the white matter of animal brains and in peripheral nervous tissue where nervonyl sphingolipids are enriched in the myelin sheath of nerve fibers. It is one of the major fatty acids in brain sphingolipids, normally accounting for approximately 40% of the total fatty acids in sphingolipids.<br>References Sandhir, R., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 39, 2161 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Glycyrrhizic Acid is a triterpene saponin used in the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation for its anti-inflammatory, antiulcerous and antiallergic effects.<br>References Marsh, L., et al.: Biochem. J., 63, 9 (1956), Kitagawa, et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 36, 3710 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications S-(-)-Norketamine Hydrochloride is the S-isomer and one of the main metabolites of ketamine (K165300), an anesthetic agent.<br>References Edwards, S.R., et al.: Life. Sci., 69, 2051 (2001); Zhao, X.C., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 74, 304 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Volatile<br>Applications Trichloroacetonitrile is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water and is commonly used as a fumigant. It is also used as a direct alkylating agent and reacts with primary and secondary aliphatic amines to produce N-substituted trichloroacetamidines.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Christ, S.: J. Toxicol. Env. Health A, 47, 233 (1996); Davies, M. &amp; Jenkin, D.: J. Chem. Soc., No vol. given, 2374 (1954); Grivas, J. &amp; Taurins, A.: J. Chem., 36, 771 (1958)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyl)hydrazine is used as a stabilizer for Irganox MD 1024 on thermo-oxidative stability of PP/PP-g-MA/OMMT nanocomposites.<br>References Fitaroni, L, B.; et al.: Polym. Test., 53, 165 (2016).<br></p>

<p>Applications Dulcitol is the reduction product of Galactose. An increase in the level of Dulcitol is often a result of metabolism defect caused by a defect in galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (an autosomal recessive disorder). Dulcitol buildup can also lead to cataractogenesis.<br>References Ning, C. et al.: Pediat. Res., 48, 211 (2000); Cheng, H. et al.: Exp. Eye Res., 51, 345 (1990); Wells, W.W. et al.: Galactosemia, 227 (1969);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fipronil Sulfide is a degradation product of the insecticide Fipronil (F342200).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mulrooney, J.E. et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 92, 1364 (1999); Ying, G.-G. et al.: Austral. J. Sci., 40, 1095 (2002); Doran, G. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem., 57, 10296 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Rebaudioside A is a glycoside from the stevia plant. Rebaudioside A is used as a sweetener with sweetness about 300 times that of sugar with negligible effect on blood glucose. As a result, Rebaudioside A is known for its application in treatment of many diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure and weight loss in some places.<br>References Mishra, P. et al.: Glob. J. Biotechnol. Biochem., 5, 62 (2010); Liu, J. et al.: Ship. Gong. Keji, 30, 359 (2009); Santini, A. et al.: Prog. Nutrit., 10, 5 (2008); Heerranz-Lopez, M. et al.: Agro Food Ind. Hi-Tech, 21, 38 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclohexyl Butyl Phthalate is an phthalate ester derivative that exhibits potential estrogenic activities.<br>References Harris, C.A.,et al.: Enviro. Health. Perspect., 105, 802 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications 2-(2,4-Diaminophenoxy)ethanol Dihydrochloride<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Prototype of the family of naturally occurring cobalt coordination compounds knows as corrinoids. Analogs of vitamin B12 which differ only in the β-ligand of the cobalt are termed cobalamins. Synthesized almost exclusively by bacteria. Dietary sources include fish, meat, liver, and dairy products; plants have little or no cobalamins. Converted by the body into its bioactive forms, methylcobalamin and cobamamide, which serve as enzyme cofactors. Severe deficiency may result in megaloblastic anemia and/or neurological impairment.<br>References Rickes, et al.: Science, 107, 396 (1948); Kirschbaum, J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 183 (1981); Grasbeck, R., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 17, 99 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene (cas# 1195-32-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A volatile halogenated methane present in trace amounts in drinking water as a result of the water treatment process. It is useful as chain transfer agents in PVC polymerization.<br>References Stanaback, R.J.: Tech. Pap. Soc. Plast. Engin., 23, 262 (1977); Nestmann, E.R. et al.: Water Chlorin. Env. Impact Health. Eff., 4, 1151 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sebacic Acid is a urinary metabolite that has been identified as an anti-fatigue biomarker.<br>References Ma, C. et. al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal. 105, 84 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cobamamide is an enzyme cofactor that can also regulate gene expression through RNA-base riboswitches.<br>References Ortiz-Guerrero, J.M., et. al.: P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 7565 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cocaine (C633500). Controlled substance.<br>References Martin, B., et al.: J. Anal Toxicol., 13, 158 (1989), Dean, R., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 117, 1 (1992), Jenkins, A., et al.: J. Forensic Sci., 42, 824 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of Di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPP), used mainly as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose.<br>References Schmid, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 1985, 15, 251 (1985), Nativelle, C., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 37, 905 (1999), Howdeshell, K., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 105, 153 (2008),<br></p>