Carboidrati e Glicoconiugati

<p>Mixed DP 10-15 Na galacturonans (α-1,4 10-15 Na galacturonans) are derived from pectin or pectic acid, by enzymatic or partial acid hydrolysis. They are used in galacturonic acid metabolism research as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize endo- and exopolygalacturonase(s) and gluconase(s). In recent studies, it has been shown that long oligogalacturonides (degree of polymerization (DP) from 10–15) help to induce plant defense signaling resulting in enhanced defenses to necrotrophic pathogens.</p>

<p>2,3,6-Tri-O-acetyl-gamma-cyclodextrin is a custom synthesis of a cyclodextrin. This compound is fluorinated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to give the desired product. The methylation of the saccharide is accomplished by reacting it with methyl iodide and sodium hydroxide in an alcoholic solution. The sugar molecule is then glycosylated by reacting it with glycosylation reagent, such as cyanuric chloride or thionyl chloride. Click modification is achieved through the reaction of a glycosylated sugar molecule with azides. Polysaccharides are synthesized by combining glycosylated sugars and polymers into one molecule.BR&gt; CAS No: 30786-38-0BR&gt; Modification: Fluorination, Methylation, Monosaccharide, Synthetic, Click modificationBR&gt; Oligosacchar</p>

<p>Triisopropylsilyl 2-azido-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzoyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy--aDthiogalactopyranoside is an azido glycoside that can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of bacterial growth. This compound is synthesized by reacting 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol with 3-[(2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl bDgalactopyranosyl)oxy]propionic acid and sodium azide in the presence of triethylamine. The reaction produces a mixture of products which are purified by chromatography. This product is then reacted with benzaldehyde to produce the desired product.</p>

<p>Used as enzyme substrates, analytical standards and for in vitro diagnostics</p>

<p>Intermediate in synthesis of ganglioside GD2</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine heptaacetate is a synthetically produced, fluorinated monosaccharide that is used in the production of glycosylations and polysaccharides. N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine heptaacetate can be custom synthesized to meet your needs. This compound is a high purity product.</p>

<p>1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose is a sugar that belongs to the group of xylooligosaccharides. It is an enzymatic inactivator that binds to the enzyme hydrolase family. Xylooligosaccharides are found in plant cell walls, where they can be used as a carbon source by termites. 1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose has been shown to be most active against neutral ph, but it is not active against acidic ph. The enzyme hydrolase family is inhibited by binding with 1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose and this prevents hydrolysis of carbohydrates, which includes glycosidic bonds.br&gt;br&gt;<br>1,4-beta-D-xylohexaose has also been shown to be beneficial for sustainable agriculture practices as it inhibits enzymes that break down xylooligosaccharides</p>

<p>GT1b ganglioside (ammonium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids (NeuAc) linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, sialic acid (NeuAc) linked α2,3 to the terminal galactose residue, and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GT1b ganglioside is one of the major gangliosides in neuronal and glial membranes. It interacts with myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and is essential for long-term axon-myelin stability. GT1b ganglioside also acts as a receptor for bacterial toxins, such as, tetanus and botulinum toxins (Nishiki, 1996), as well as for viruses. A few examples of which include: Merkel cell polyomavirus, JC virus, BK virus, norovirus, and others (Low, 2006).</p>

<p>6-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose is a fluorinated carbohydrate that belongs to the group of saccharides. It is a monosaccharide and can be custom synthesized for specific purposes. This product has been modified with click chemistry, methylation, and glycosylation. 6-O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose is soluble in water and has high purity.</p>

<p>Used for structural and conformational studies and as enzyme substrates</p>

<p>3-O-(a-D-Mannopyranosyl)-D-mannopyranose 1-O-propylamine acetate salt is a methylated saccharide. It is an oligosaccharide that can be synthesized from D-mannose and pyruvic acid, with the addition of a proton donor. This product is used in the synthesis of polysaccharides due to its high purity and low cost. The methyl group on this molecule reacts with the carbonyl group on the sugar to form an ester, which makes it resistant to hydrolysis by enzymes. 3-O-(a-D-Mannopyranosyl)-D-mannopyranose 1-O-propylamine acetate salt is also fluorinated and can be used as a click modification in proteins or carbohydrates.</p>

<p>Monosialyllacto-N-hexaose is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that belongs to the group of oligosaccharides. This carbohydrate is modified with fluorination and glycosylation, which are Click modifications. Monosialyllacto-N-hexaose has a CAS number of 68638-04-3. This product is available for purchase in bulk quantities.</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllactose-sp-biotin is a monosaccharide that is modified with fluorine. It has been used in the synthesis of glycosylated proteins and peptides. 3'-Sialyllactose-sp-biotin is also used to modify glycoproteins, which are proteins that contain carbohydrate chains. The modification with fluorine makes this product ideal for use in the synthesis of glycosylated proteins and peptides.</p>

<p>Galactosyllactose attenuated NF-κB inflammatory signaling in human intestinal epithelial cells and in human immature intestine. Thus, galactosyllactoses are strong anti-inflammatory agents in human colostrum and early milk, contributing to innate immune modulation. The potential clinical utility of galactosyllactose warrants investigation.</p>

<p>Ganglioside GM1 has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acid linked α2,3 to the inner galactose residue, ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009), and is abundant in all mammalian brains, where it covers 10%-20% of the total ganglioside mixture. Ganglioside GM1 is found in epithelial membranes and is a key element for the detection of bacterial toxicity and viral infection. It is the intestinal receptor for cholera toxin, the B-subunits of heat-labile toxin (LTB) from E.coli, for rotavirus, and simian virus 40. GM1 functions as a neurotrophic and neuroprotective compound and has been used therapeutically for diabetic and peripheral neuropathies. It also has the ability to bind amyloid-β proteins and is involved in Alzheimer’s pathogenesis (Chiricozzi, 2020).</p>

<p>For more than two decades, there has been substantial interest in developing novel membrane mimics specifically targeted for the biochemical and biophysical characterization of membrane proteins. Examples include new types of detergents, such as cycloalkyl maltosides (CYMAL detergents).</p>

<p>1,2,3-Tri-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl-4-C-fluoromethyl-D-ribofuranose is an organic compound. It is a triacetate of 5'-O-(4,6'-dichloroacetyl)-1,2,3:5',6'-tetraethylideneuridine and a fluorinated derivative of ribofuranose. The chemical formula for 1,2,3:5',6'-tetraethylideneuridine is C9H14F8N2O8 and the molecular weight is 498.17 g/mol.</p>

<p>Sodium Trigalacturonate (α-1,4 sodium galacturonotriose) is derived from pectin or pectic acid, by enzymatic or partial acid hydrolysis (Combo, 2012). It is used in galacturonic acid metabolism research as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize endo- and exopolygalacturonase(s), and gluconase(s) (Jayani, 2005). The addition of very short fragments of homogalacturonan, tri-galacturonate, and tetra-galacturonate oligosaccharides, restore development in dark-grown, de-etiolated seedling mutants, suggesting that they are unable to generate de-methylesterified pectin fragments. A model of spatiotemporally separated photoreceptive and signal-responsive cell types has been proposed, that contains overlapping subsets of the regulatory network of light-dependent seedling development (Sinclair, 2017).</p>

<p>Xyloglucan is a non-cellulosic polysaccharide polymer that is important in plant cell walls. Xyloglucan nonasaccharide (XN) is a linear molecule with an average molecular weight of 10,000 Da and consists of xylose monomers. The XN molecule has a basic structure, which may be due to the presence of amino acid residues, although the exact function of these amino acids is not known. XN has been shown to inhibit colony-stimulating factor (CSF) production and induce CSF release in mouse bone marrow cells. This inhibition may be due to the binding of XN to the monoclonal antibody CD45R on the surface of mouse bone marrow cells.</p>

<p>Maltose (or malt sugar) is produced by the action of alpha- and beta-amylase on starch. Maltose is an intermediate in the intestinal digestion (i.e. hydrolysis) of glycogen and starch and is found in germinating grains (and other plants and vegetables). Maltose-containing syrups are used in the brewing, baking, soft drink, canning, confectionery, and other food industries (Collins, 2006). Maltose is also used in affinity purification of proteins using MBP-fused protein constructs. Herein, maltose is added to an elution buffer causing release of the MBP-fused protein from the resin.</p>

<p>Core antigen fragment in ABO blood group system</p>

<p>Hyaluronic acid is a polysaccharide containing repeating disaccharide units of 1,3-N-acetyl glucosamine and 1, 4-glucuronic acid.  This tetrasaccharide and other enzymatically produced polymer homologs have been of value in the study of hyaluronic acid metabolism in both healthy and diseased tissues (Hascall, 2019).</p>

<p>a1-3-Galactobiose-biotin is a synthetic, fluorinated oligosaccharide that has been modified with 3 biotin molecules. It is synthesized by the glycosylation of 1,3-galactobiose and is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of carbohydrates. The sugar moiety can be modified with different chemical groups and reactions such as methylation or click modification to change its properties.</p>

<p>2-O-(2-O-(a-D-Mannopyranosyl)-a-D-mannopyranosyl)-a-D-mannopyranose is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the glycosylation of a D-mannose with 2,3,4,6-tetra‑O‑benzoyl‑beta‑D‑glucuronic acid. This product is available in custom synthesis and can be modified to order. It has been shown to be highly pure and can be used for a variety of applications including glycosylation reactions, methylations, fluorinations, click modifications, and complex carbohydrate studies.</p>

<p>The carbohydrate is a saccharide that is a modification of the monosaccharide. It is synthesized from D-mannose and D-glucose and has a fluorination at the C4 position. The carbohydrate has been custom synthesized for high purity, methylation, glycosylation, and click modification.</p>

<p>Lewis A tetrasaccharide is a glycosylated oligosaccharide with the following chemical structure: The Lewis A tetrasaccharide is a carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorination and methylation. This modification has been shown to increase its stability in aqueous environments. The Lewis A tetrasaccharide may be used as a synthetic monosaccharide for custom synthesis. It is also used as an intermediate for the synthesis of glycosylated oligosacscharsides.</p>

<p>Glycyl-asialo, galactosylated fucosylated biantennary is a synthetic glycosylated oligosaccharide that is fluorinated at the 6-position. It has been shown to have high purity and good chemical stability. The carbohydrate is made from a complex of saccharides, which are linked together by glycosidic bonds. This product is available for custom synthesis with methylation and monosaccharide modifications. CAS No.: 128868-20-2</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine (LacNAc) is a natural structural element in a variety of glycoconjugates, found in milk, urine, meconium and glyciproteins. It’s a substrate for galactosidases, fucosyltransferases, and sialyltransferases. This LacNAc is also useful as a lectin inhibitory sugar and for characterizing lectins.</p>

<p>Used to determine composition and sequence of glucan-containing mixed linkages</p>

<p>5-O-(a-D-[6,6'-2H2]Glucopyranosyl)-D-fructopyranose is a custom synthesis carbohydrate that is an oligosaccharide. It is a saccharide with a general formula of C6H10O5. One of its modifications is methylation. This product has been fluorinated and modified with the click reaction to create a glycosylated sugar. 5-O-(a-D-[6,6'-2H2]Glucopyranosyl)-D-fructopyranose is not radioactive and has high purity. It is also a polysaccharide that contains glucose monomers that are linked by glycosidic bonds to form branched chains of 10 or more units. The product has an appearance of white powder, and it can be used as an additive for pharmaceuticals, food products, and cosmetics.</p>

<p>1,3:1,4-B-Glucotriose (B) is a carbohydrate that is a monosaccharide. It is also an oligosaccharide that is classified as a complex carbohydrate. This compound can be synthesized with high purity and custom synthesis. 1,3:1,4-B-Glucotriose (B) can be modified with fluorination, methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. This product has CAS No. 157544-59-7.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that is modified with fluorination, glycosylation, and methylation. It has the CAS number 60283-31-0 and can be used in the modification of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. This carbohydrate can be found in complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>1,3:1,4-b-Glucotetraose (B) is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar. It can be modified with a click modification, fluorination, glycosylation, or methylation. This compound has CAS No. 58484-02-9 and is a Modification of the carbohydrate saccharide group. 1,3:1,4-b-Glucotetraose (B) is an Oligosaccharide that consists of Monosaccharides and Carbohydrates. It is a complex carbohydrate that can be used as a medicine for diabetes mellitus type 2.</p>

<p>Blood group antigen derivative for biochemical research</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-2,6O-(a,L-fucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is a high purity and custom synthesis product with CAS No. 97242-84-7. This product has been fluorinated and methylated as well as glycosylated and click modified to increase its stability.</p>

<p>2,3,6,2',3',6',2'',3'',4'',6''-Deca-O-acetyl-a-D-maltotriosyl bromide is an acetylated and fluorinated oligosaccharide that has been prepared by a click reaction. It can be used for the synthesis of glycosidic linkages in complex carbohydrates. This product is available as a custom synthesis.</p>

<p>Heparin derived dp26 saccharide ammonium salt (HDA) is a glycosylation product of heparin. It is a complex carbohydrate polymer with a molecular weight of over 10,000 Da and consists of repeating disaccharides. The first sugar in the repeating disaccharide is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, which is then methylated on the 6 position. HDA has been modified by fluorination to give it improved stability and prolonged half life. This product has been custom synthesized for use in biotechnology research and has high purity.</p>

<p>Tetracose is a complex carbohydrate that is composed of 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-acetyl-4-O-[2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-3-O-(2 acetamido)-β-D-galactopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranose and β--D--galactopyranosyl. Tetracose is a high purity custom synthesis sugar. It has been fluorinated at the 3' position and glycosylated with an acetamide group. Tetracose has also been methylated and modified with a click modification. Tetracose has CAS No.: 145925-75-5</p>

<p>Galactosyl isomaltol is a sugar molecule that is produced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose. It has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against human pathogens and can be used as an antioxidant. Galactosyl isomaltol binds to lysine residues on bacterial cell walls, preventing the formation of new cells and causing cell death by interfering with protein synthesis. The addition of galactosyl isomaltol to food decreases the levels of phycocyanin, which are a type of fluorescent pigment found in blue green algae. This compound also has magnetic resonance analysis properties that could be used for diagnosis.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(a-L-fucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is a methylated, custom synthesized oligosaccharide. It has been modified to include a fluorine atom at the C4 position on the glucose residue. The product is highly pure and in crystalline form, with a CAS number of 76211-71-7.</p>

<p>Lewis Y-O-(CH2)8-biotin is a carbohydrate with the chemical formula (CHO)(CO)3OH. It is a methylated and glycosylated oligosaccharide that has been custom synthesized for use in biotechnology applications. Lewis Y-O-(CH2)8-biotin has been fluorinated at the C5 position to improve its stability and prevent hydrolysis, which may be due to its high purity. This carbohydrate is not commercially available and must be custom synthesized.</p>

<p>Inulin is a naturally occurring plant carbohydrate that is present in over 36,000 species of plants. Inulin can be found in the roots, tubers, and leaves of various plants. It is used as a food additive and as an ingredient in dietary supplements. Inulin has been shown to have clinical relevance for energy metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. It has also been shown to be effective against inflammatory bowel disease when used as a prebiotic. Isomalt (inositol hexaphosphate) is an artificial sweetener that is often used in sugar-free products such as chewing gum or candy. Anthelmintic drugs are medications that kill worms, which may include nematodes or cestodes. Probiotics are live bacteria that can provide health benefits to humans when consumed in adequate amounts. Acid formation refers to the process by which the stomach produces hydrochloric acid to digest food during digestion. Symptoms of bowel disease include diarrhea and abdominal pain. Water vapor refers to water molecules</p>

<p>Trehalose hexaacetate is a polysaccharide that is used as a food additive. It has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of methylation and fluorination, which are post-translational modifications that are important for the function of proteins. Trehalose hexaacetate also has a high degree of glycosylation, which makes it an excellent candidate for complex carbohydrate synthesis. The compound can be custom synthesized with high purity and at low cost.</p>

<p>Heparin sulfate NS-oligosaccharide NS is a high purity, custom synthesis, sugar-based heparin. Heparin sulfate NS-oligosaccharide NS is designed for use in glycosylation reactions and provides the opportunity to introduce a variety of functional groups including Click modification, fluorination, methylation, and glycosylation. This product contains no animal derived ingredients. Heparin sulfate NS-oligosaccharide NS can be used in a range of applications such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and food additives.</p>

<p>Produced from starch; white hygroscopic spray-dried powder; easily digestible</p>

<p>The "tallowate" esters are probably the best known derivatives of sucrose and many attempts have been made to commercialise them in order to exploit their excellent surfactant functionalities.  The most functional products are the mono- and diesters of the tallow acids (stearic, palmitic, oleic) with hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) values that lend themselves to surfactant applications in foods and cosmetics.  They also have other uses, for example in coating fruits with a semipermeable membrane that acts as a preservative.  Manufacturing economics have prevented these products from mass production and they remain in niche applications.</p>

<p>2'-O-Fucosyllactulose is a modified carbohydrate that has been synthesized from a natural source. It is an oligosaccharide that contains the monosaccharide, fucose. This product can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and glycosylation reactions. 2'-O-Fucosyllactulose has been methylated, fluorinated, and glycosylated, which makes it suitable for use as a sugar in biotechnology applications.</p>

<p>NA4 Glycan, 2-AB labelled is a synthetic glycoconjugate. It is a glycosylation of an oligosaccharide and an amino acid residue with the modification of fluorination. NA4 Glycan, 2-AB labelled can be used for research purposes in methylation and Click chemistry. This product also has CAS No., which means it is custom synthesized to order. The purity of this product is high and it is synthetically produced, making it ideal for research purposes.</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose is a sugar that is found in the genus Talaromyces and is used as a sweetener. It is produced by plant cells and has been shown to have thermostability. 1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose has been found to have lipidomic activity, which may be related to its ability to bind lipids. It also has a dietary profile, which may contribute to its use as a supplement. 1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose can be used as an affinity agent for lipid profiling because it binds lipids with high affinity.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(a-L-fucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a glycosylation product of the natural sugar, galactose. It is a synthetic compound that has been modified with methyl groups and fluorine to form an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(a-L-fucopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside can be used as a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>This mixture contains some of the lower oligosaccharides found in human milk. There are small amounts of lactose but the bulk of the mixture are tri- and tetrasaccharides. 3-Fucosyllactose, 3'-Sialyllactose, 6'-Sialyllactose, Lacto-N-tetraose, Sialyllacto-N-tetraose b, Sialyllacto-N-tetraose b and Blood Group A tetrasaccharide type V are the major components that have been found in the mixture by chromatography but there may be other minor components not mentioned here.</p>

<p>Heparin is a linear sulphated polysaccharide comprising contiguous disaccharide units of a uronic acid and a derivative of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose. The heparin tetrasaccharide can be obtained from the degradation of heparin with the lyase enzymes isolated from Flavobacterium heparinum, which yields oligosaccharides terminated at the non-reducing end by the unsaturated unit, 4-deoxy-α-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosyl uronic acid or its 2-0-sulphated derivative. The major product following lyase degradation is the trisulphated derivative DUA-2S + GlcNS-6S (unsaturated disaccharide). Other oligosaccharides such as the tetrasaccharide, illustrated below, can be produced by the lytic degradation of heparin (Moffat, 1991).</p>

<p>Sialylated tetrasaccharide found in human milk, possible health benefits for the neonate by supporting resistance to pathogens, gut maturation, immune function, and cognitive development.   Purity typically above 60%.  Contains other oligosaccharide fragments.  For a typical IC trace see datasheet section</p>

<p>The chemical name of the compound is 4-Methoxyphenyl 2-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,4-di-O-benzyl--6--O--pivaloyl-[a]-D--mannopyranoside. The molecular formula is C47H69NO17. The molecular weight is 838.10 g/mol. This product is a white to off white solid that has no odor and a sweet taste. Compound can be custom synthesized to customer's specification and purity requirements. The CAS number for this compound is 1820574-70-6.</p>

<p>3'-Sialyl Lewis A-PAA-biotin is a carbohydrate that is used as a research tool for investigating the structure and function of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and glycosaminoglycans. It contains 3'-sialic acid linked to the terminal β-D-galactopyranosyl residue of a poly(amino acid) backbone. This product has been synthesized by custom synthesis and contains high purity with a custom synthesis.</p>

<p>Anhydro maltose found in the pyrolysis products of cellulose</p>

<p>N-Glycolylneuraminic acid dimer sodium salt is a synthetic sugar that is a glycosylat of N-glycolylneuraminic acid. It is soluble in water and has a CAS number of 1114-12-3. The product has been modified with methyl groups and is available for custom synthesis. It can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, or it can be modified to form complex carbohydrates. This product has been fluorinated and is high purity, making it ideal for use in Click chemistry applications.</p>

<p>A short chain isomer of inulin</p>

<p>The compound is an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate. The product is custom synthesized and has been modified by fluorination. It is a high purity, synthetic monosaccharide sugar that is methylated.</p>

<p>A MurNAc disaccharide</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllacto-N-neotetraose sodium is a synthetic, fluorinated oligosaccharide with a sialic acid side chain. This compound has been shown to be an inhibitor of lacto-N-neotetraose synthesis in the human gut. It is also used as a raw material for the synthesis of various complex carbohydrates and as a click modification reagent for saccharides and polysaccharides. 3'-Sialyllacto-N-neotetraose sodium can be modified at its methyl group or sugar moiety to produce desired products.</p>

<p>3'-Sulfated Lewis A sodium salt is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is used as an antigen for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. It is conjugated to a monoclonal antibody and binds to the Lewis A epitope on the surface of cells. 3'-Sulfated Lewis A sodium salt has been shown to be useful in bladder cancer, where it can be used as a marker for tumorigenicity. It has also been shown to stimulate selectins and increase sugar residues on cell surfaces, which may lead to increased tumor growth.</p>

<p>A antigen pentasaccharide Type I, possible use in antiviral development</p>

<p>Kestoheptaose is a long-chain inulin with a molecular weight of 1,000 Da. It is found in the plant family Asteraceae and is the only natural polysaccharide with seven glucose units. Kestoheptaose has been shown to be involved in the regulation of muscle glycogen levels and can be used as a supplement for athletes or those who are active. The biochemical functions of Kestoheptaose have been validated using an oral ethanol extract, which was shown to increase muscle glycogen levels by up to 132%. This extract also decreased malondialdehyde concentrations by up to 41% and increased urea nitrogen levels by up to 89%.</p>

<p>N-Propyl b-lactoside is a synthetic sugar that belongs to the group of complex carbohydrates. It is a modification on the saccharide that is made by methylation, glycosylation and carbonylation. N-Propyl b-lactoside is synthesized from the monosaccharides glucose, galactose and fructose with the help of click chemistry. This product has high purity, fluorination and synthetic properties.</p>

<p>2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-Hepta-O-acetyl-a-D-lactosyl bromide is a chemical substance that absorbs infrared radiation and reflects light. It is used as an infrared reflector in India to improve the efficiency of solar panels.</p>

<p>GD2 (shown as sodium salt) has a core trisaccharide structure (GalNAc-b-1,4-Gal-b-1,4-Glc) with its two sialic acids linked b-2,3/b-2,8 to the inner galactose residue and ceramide linked to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue. GD2 ganglioside is expressed at a low concentration in the central nervous system, nerves, skin melanocytes and stem cells in healthy adults. On the other hand, GD2 is overexpressed in a number of tumors, including: neuroblastoma, melanoma, small cell lung carcinoma and brain tumors. Recently, it has been found in low concentrations on breast cancer stem cells (CSC) that possess: self-renewal properties (division without disrupting the undifferentiated state), and tumor-initiating capabilities.  It has been suggested that GD2 ganglioside may be developed as an effective target antigen for CSC immunotherapy (Fleurence, 2017).</p>

<p>D-Cellopentose heptadecaacetate is a fluorinated, monosaccharide that is synthesized from the sugar cellobiose. It is an oligosaccharide and a complex carbohydrate with one of its glycosidic bonds modified by methylation. D-Cellopentose heptadecaacetate has been shown to be effective in inhibiting glycosylation reactions and can be used as a sugar substitute or for custom synthesis. This product has been shown to have high purity and is available at CAS No. 83058-38-2.</p>

<p>Sucrose acetoisobutyrate (SAIB) is an emulsifier and is compatible with a wide variety of polymers, resins, plasticisers, oils and waxes - where it is used in surface coatings. Food applications have been developed for this compound and it has an E number (E444). It is recognized as a safe food additive in cocktail mixers, beer, malt beverages, or wine coolers and is a potential replacement for brominated vegetable oil.</p>

<p>The 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is a carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide, which is a sugar with more than two monosaccharides. The CAS number of this compound is 9077-98-0. The molecular weight of this compound is 450.01 g/mol and the purity level is 99%. This compound can be custom synthesized to meet your needs. This product can be methylated, glycosylated, or click modified to create products with different properties.</p>

<p>Hexa-guluronic acid sodium salt (1,4-linked α-L-sodium guluronohexaose) is one of a number of oligosaccharides obtained from alginate which is a polysaccharide in brown seaweeds containing: blocks of repeating mannuronic acid sequences (M-M-M-M etc), repeating guluronic acid sequences (G-G-G-G etc), and alternating M-G-M-G sequences. This oligosaccharide can be released by acid hydrolysis (Shimokawa, 1996) and a number of biological activities have been discussed in a recent review (Xing, 2020).</p>

<p>Paromamine is a chemical compound that inhibits protein synthesis by enzymatic inactivation. It has been shown to have a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Paromamine also has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth at high salt concentrations, making it an attractive candidate for development as an oral antibiotic drug. Paromamine is synthesized from natural products, such as salicylaldehyde or phenylhydrazine, which are readily available and inexpensive. The reaction mechanism for the formation of paromamine starts with dehydration of the hydroxyl group on the hydrazine to form a carbonyl group. This carbonyl group reacts with sephadex g-100 to form a cyanohydrin. The cyanohydrin reacts with ammonia to form an amide bond between the two nitrogen atoms in the molecule, which forms paromamine.</p>

<p>Beta-Cyclodextrin is a cyclic oligosaccharide with 7 D-glucose residues which are alpha-1,4-linked. beta-cyclodextrin is used in the food industry to encapsulate flavours and fragrances. Beta-cyclodextrin can increase the water solubility of compounds, such as curcumin; further, the cyclodextrin-curcumin complex also allows for a controlled, sustainable release in a wound healing study.</p>

<p>Mannotetraose squarate is a modified oligosaccharide that is synthesized from mannose and tetraose. It has high purity, which is an advantage over natural oligosaccharides, and can be used in the synthesis of other carbohydrates. Mannotetraose squarate has a CAS number of 385842-90-0, which can be found on the ChemSpider database.</p>

<p>Di-mannuronic acid sodium salt (β-1,4-linked sodium mannuronobiose) is one of a number of oligosaccharides obtained from alginate which is a polysaccharide in brown seaweeds containing: blocks of repeating mannuronic acid sequences (M-M-M-M etc), repeating guluronic acid sequences (G-G-G-G etc), and alternating M-G-M-G sequences.These oligosaccharides can be released using several methods (Lua, 2015; Yanga, 2004) and claims have been published that mannuronic acid oligosaccharides for example, can be effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, or for the prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes (USP 8835403B2, 2014).</p>

<p>N-Acetylallolactosamine is a lectin that has been shown to have an acceptor for the oligosaccharide, n-acetylllactosamine. It is synthesized by alkaline hydrolysis of allolactose, which is a lactose metabolite. N-Acetylallolactosamine can be used as a growth factor in the treatment of wounds and burns. This protein can also be used as a diagnostic tool to detect different types of cells in the blood stream.</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylobiitol is a monosaccharide that is synthesized by the glycosylation of β-D-xylose. It is an important component of complex carbohydrates found in plants and animals. Xylobiitol can be modified with methylation or Click chemistry to produce 1,4-β-D-xylopyranosiduronic acid and 1,4-β-D-xylopyranuronic acid respectively. In addition, it can be fluorinated to create 1,4-β-D-fluoroxylobiitol and modified with saccharide or oligosaccharides to produce 1,4-[α]-,1,3-[α]- or 1,3-[β]-linked xylobiitols. Xylobiitol can also be modified with polysaccharides to form xylanolybioside conjugates in which GlcUA residues are linked</p>

<p>Lewis Y-NHCOCH2NH-biotin is a custom synthesis that contains an Oligosaccharide, CAS No., Polysaccharide, Modification, saccharide, Methylation, Glycosylation, Click modification and Carbohydrate. Lewis Y-NHCOCH2NH-biotin is a high purity product that has been fluorinated and synthesized.</p>

<p>Glycyl-Oligosaccharidesmannose 5 is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that is fluorinated and glycosylated. It is an oligosaccharide with a mannose backbone and a glycyl group attached to the first mannose. The methylation of the glycyl group on Glycyl-Oligosaccharidesmannose 5 can be modified to produce different derivatives. This carbohydrate has been synthesized and has CAS Number: 68149-46-1.</p>

<p>Glycyl-Oligosaccharidesmannose 6 are custom synthesized and modified to contain fluorine atoms. These compounds are used as a reagent in organic synthesis, chemical modification, and biochemistry. They have been used for the methylation of saccharide and carbohydrate molecules, including glycosylation reactions. Glycyl-Oligosaccharidesmannose 6 can be used for the preparation of polysaccharides, which are complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylotriose is a pentose sugar that is the main component of hemicellulose. It is found in plant cell walls and has been studied using surface methodology to determine the covalent linkages and structure of 1,4-β-D-Xylotriose. Xylotrioses are also used as a substrate for enzyme reactions and have shown to have a number of enzymatic activities, including glycosidases, cellulases, xylanases, and arabinofuranosidases. Xylotrioses are also part of complex enzyme models that can be used to study disulfide bonds. Xylotrioses are polymers that are important for structural analysis due to the presence of β-1,4 links. The genome DNA has been found to contain many genes coding for xylanase enzymes.</p>

<p>Galactosyllactose attenuated NF-κB inflammatory signaling in human intestinal epithelial cells and in human immature intestine. Thus, galactosyllactoses are strong anti-inflammatory agents in human colostrum and early milk, contributing to innate immune modulation. The potential clinical utility of galactosyllactose warrants investigation.</p>

<p>4-Aminophenyl 1,3-a-1,6-a-D-mannotriose is a custom synthesis of the complex carbohydrate Oligosaccharide. It belongs to the group of saccharides and has a CAS number. This product is modified with methylation and glycosylation and is made up of a series of monosaccharides linked by alpha (1,4) or beta (1,2) glycosidic bonds. 4-Aminophenyl 1,3-a-1,6-a-D-mannotriose may be fluorinated during its synthesis using an electrophilic substitution reaction. This product is synthetic and has high purity.</p>

<p>The A2 Glycan is a custom synthesized oligosaccharide that is labelled with 2-AB. It contains the following sugars: Oligosaccharide, sugar, Synthetic, Fluorination, Custom synthesis, Methylation, Monosaccharide, Polysaccharide. The A2 Glycan has a purity of &gt; 99%. CAS No. for this product is not available. Modification includes Click modification and complex carbohydrate.</p>

<p>an important cell surface epitope that acts as the receptor for Shiga-like toxin</p>

<p>Drug carrier for cancer therapy &amp; imaging, biocompatible, soluble, biodegradable</p>

<p>4-O-{4-O-[[2,4-Di-O-acetyl-3-O-[2,4-di-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2--phthalimido--bD--glucopyranosyl)-3,6--di--O--benzyl aDmannopyra nosyl]-6--O-[3,4--di--O--acetyl 2,6--di--O-(3,4,6--tri - O - acetyl 2 - deoxy 2 - phthalimido bDglucopyranosyl) aDmannopyranosyl] } is a synthetic complex carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide that can be used in glycosylation reactions. This carbohydrate has been custom synthesized and modified to include methyl groups. The CAS number for this compound is 9461642899.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-6-sulfo-b-D-glucopyranose is a glycosaminoglycan that can be used as an immunomodulator. It has been shown to inhibit the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in experimental cancer tissues and to stimulate the activity of lymphocytes, which may be due to its ability to regulate camp levels. 2A2D4OSBG also has regulatory effects on monoclonal antibodies and inhibits the immune reaction caused by autoimmune diseases.</p>

<p>The compound is a custom synthesis of a complex carbohydrate. It is an oligosaccharide with CAS No. and polysaccharide that has been modified by methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. The compound is Methylated, Glycosylated, Click-modified Carbohydrate Sugar with high purity and fluorination.</p>

<p>GD1a ganglioside is one of the major gangliosides in neuronal and glial membranes. It has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acids linked α2,3/α2,8 to the inner galactose residue, α2,3 to the outer galactose residue, and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GD1a ganglioside interacts with myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and is essential for long-term axon-myelin stability. GD1a ganglioside plays a role in viral infection as it is a receptor for viral glycoproteins in rotavirus and paramyxovirus 1. The hexasaccharide GD1a moiety was also found on a glycoprotein that acts as a receptor for adenovirus type 37. GD1a ganglioside also interacts with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) and is crucial for its entry into cells (Kolter, 2012). The functional significance of ammonia in the brain is not fully understood see: (Modi, 1994).</p>