Influenza Virus

<p>Thymalfasin (Thymosin α1) (thymosin-alpha 1) is an immunomodulating agent able to enhance the Thl immune response.</p>

<p>Picroside II (Vanilloyl catalpol) is the main active ingredient in iridoid glycosides.</p>

<p>Tulobuterol hydrochloride (Hokunalin) is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist.</p>

<p>Oseltamivir (GS 4104) is an orally active and highly potent viral neuraminidase (NA) with antiviral activity, inhibits A/H3N2, A/H1N2, A/H1N1 and influenza B viruses, and can be used in studies of influenza and pneumonia.</p>

<p>Navivumab (CT-P23) is a monoclonal antibody targeting influenza A's HA stem, neutralizing H1, H2, H5, and H9 viruses.</p>

<p>Lesofavumab (MHAB5553A) is a human IgG1κ anti- influenza B virus antibody [1] .</p>

<p>Diridavumab: monoclonal antibody, stabilizes HA, blocks fusion in endosomes, used for H2 influenza research.</p>

<p>Firivumab, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody, neutralizes multiple influenza A strains and protects mice from H1N1.</p>

<p>Gedivumab is a human antibody targeting influenza A, binding to its stem region, inhibiting virus maturation and fusion.</p>

<p>F0045(S) serves as an effective inhibitor of influenza hemagglutinin, with a KD value of 6.1 µM. It also protects human cells from influenza infections.</p>

<p>9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHOME, a linoleic acid oxylipin, has multiple bioactivities; found in plants, made by human eosinophils, inhibits mast cells and microglia.</p>

<p>Salcomine (NSC-32965) shows anti-influenza virus activity.</p>

<p>Camptothecin (CPT) belongs to the alkaloid group of natural products and is a specific DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibitor (IC50=679 nM) with specificity.</p>

<p>BMY-27709 inhibits influenza growth (IC50: 3-8 μM, A/WSN/33), targets H1/H2 subtypes via hemagglutinin, ineffective against H3/B Lee/40.</p>

<p>M2 ion channel blocker ,Antiviral agent, is capable of inhibiting and blocking the activity of M2 ion channel.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-26 inhibits CEN (IC50: 286 nM), has broad antiviral effects on influenza A/B.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-8, from CN111410661A (I-196), inhibits CENs, halting orthomyxovirus replication, like influenza A/B/C.</p>

<p>Influenza virus-IN-3 inhibits H5N1, H5N2, H5N6, H5N8 with low toxicity; targets neuraminidase.</p>

<p>RSV-IN-4 is a dual inhibitor for RSV and IAV with an EC50 of 11.76 μM.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-5: potent NA inhibitor, IC50=0.02μM, potential anti-influenza, dihydrofurocoumarin derivative.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-19, a spirocyclic pyridinone, strongly inhibits influenza A virus RNA polymerase.</p>

<p>RSV/IAV-IN-3 is a dual inhibitor of RSV (EC50: 2.92μM) and IAV (EC50:1.90μM), blocking virus replication post-entry.</p>

<p>Ingavirin, a novel inhibitor of the influenza virus reproduction, inhubits the formation of the virus specific hemagglutinin.</p>

<p>RSV/IAV-IN-2 (compound 14c) is a potent dual RSV/IAV inhibitor with lower toxicity than Ribavirin, promising for research.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-10 inhibits flu virus strains H1N1, H5N1, and H5N8 with IC50 values of 2.6, 5.1, and 1.65 nM respectively.</p>

<p>FR-198248, a new anti-influenza agent, shows antiinfluenza virus activity in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells in vitro.</p>

<p>RSV-IN-3 is a dual RSV/IAV inhibitor with an EC50 of 32.70 μM against RSV.</p>

<p>PPQ-581 is an anti-flu drug that blocks RNP trafficking and stops virus replication, preventing cell damage.</p>

<p>Influenza virus-IN-2 (compound 19) has anti-influenza A virus activities that is a potent inhibitor of influenza virus with an CC 50 of 150.85 μM and EC 50 of 2</p>

<p>RO5464466 is an inhibitor of influenza A virus (H1N1) fusion.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-3 inhibits flu NA: H1N1 IC50=0.73nM, H5N1=0.26nM, H5N8=0.63nM.</p>

<p>RSV/IAV-IN-1, a dual inhibitor of RSV/IAV, is less toxic than Ribavirin and holds research potential for RSV/IAV infections.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-3 inhibits CEN, promising for studying influenza A/B. (Patent WO2019141179A1, compound III-2)</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-21 inhibits CEN and flu virus replication, potential against influenza A. (From patent WO2021233302A1, compound 8B/8A)</p>

<p>Enisamium iodide is used as an antiviral agent.</p>

<p>Goitrin, from glucosinolate reactions, blocks thyroid peroxidase and iodine use, and fights H1N1.</p>

<p>Influenza virus-IN-4 (compound 11e) is a potent inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase, acting on H5N1 (IC50: 3.4 μM), H5N2 (IC50: 0.094 μM), H5N6 (IC50: 0.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-8 (Compound 6d) is a powerful inhibitor of neuraminidase, exhibiting a low half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.027 μM and</p>

<p>Influenza A virus-IN-4 (23b), a potent neuraminidase inhibitor derived from Oseltamivir, effectively targets influenza viruses.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-16, a pyridone derivative, inhibits CEN, showing promise for flu research.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-9 inhibits flu virus neuraminidase H5N1 (IC50: 0.12 μM), H5N2 (IC50: 0.049 μM), H5N6 (IC50: 0.16 μM).</p>

<p>Influenza virus-IN-1, a potent anti-influenza A compound, has CC50 &gt;200 μM, EC50 2.46 μM, and inhibits PAN endonuclease (EC50 312.36 nM).</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-23 hinders influenza virus replication by inhibiting CEN, with potential for flu research.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-6, a 1,3,4-triazole derivative, is a strong NA inhibitor (IC50 = 0.11 μM) used in anti-influenza drug development.</p>

<p>Caprochlorone fights orthopoxvirus, lowers influenza in mice lungs, blocks virus entry, and delays its release from cells.</p>

<p>Influenza virus-IN-5 (Compound 5f) is an influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) inhibitor that acts on the A/H3N2 virus (EC50: 1 nM).</p>

<p>MBX2546, an influenza A inhibitor, stops HA-induced membrane fusion by binding and stabilizing HA. Resistant virus mutations occur near HA2 start.</p>

<p>BMS-199945 is an Influenza H1N1 Virus inhibitor.</p>

<p>2,3-Dehydro-2-Deoxy-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid is a pan-sialidase (neuraminidase, NEU) inhibitor with inhibitory activity and against various influenza viruses.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-13 (Compound 10), a neuraminidase inhibitor exhibiting antiviral activity, demonstrates significant inhibition of NDV infection in Vero cells</p>

<p>Anti-Influenza agent 4 selectively inhibits A/Parma (EC50: 62 nM) and A/Roma (EC50: 150 nM) influenza strains.</p>

<p>NS1-IN-1: Potent NS1 inhibitor, antiviral, reduces viral proteins by inhibiting mTORC1 via TSC1-TSC2, limits replication.</p>

<p>Laninamivir Octanoate Monohydrate is a neuraminidase inhibitor.</p>

<p>LNK754 is a farnesyltransferase inhibitor. It is used for the treatment of cancer and Alzheimer's disease.</p>

<p>Antiviral agent 43 (compound 16) serves as a potent, orally active inhibitor of influenza A virus entry, demonstrating efficacy by inhibiting the replication of the influenza A strains VH04-H5N1 and PR8-H1N1 with EC50 values of 240 nM and 72 nM, respectively [1].</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-13 is a potent inhibitor of cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) and shows research potential against influenza virus infection (</p>

<p>Influenza virus-IN-6 (Compound 35) serves as a potent inhibitor targeting the N-terminal domain of the polymerase acidic protein (PA N ) endonuclease subunit of</p>

<p>L-742001 Hydrochloride is an RNA polymerase inhibitor.</p>

<p>DU-34569 Maleate, an antiviral agent, acts against influenza A, parainfluenza Sendai, coxsackie A21, and rhinovirus.</p>

<p>RO-7 is a next-generation polymerase (PA) endonuclease influenza A and B viruses inhibitor.</p>

<p>JNJ4796 is an oral fusion inhibitor that neutralizes influenza A group 1 by blocking HA-mediated fusion, mimicking bnAbs.</p>

<p>Tirapiravir is an antiviral nucleoside analog that exhibits activity against both the novel coronavirus and influenza virus [1].</p>

<p>EHNA hydrochloride is a PDE2 and ADA inhibitor with anticancer activity, increasing intracellular adenosine concentration in a treatment time-dependent manner.</p>

<p>Antiviral agent 35 (compound 4d) serves as a potent orally active inhibitor of the influenza virus, targeting early stages of viral replication.</p>

<p>XSJ2-46, a 5'-amino NI analog, is an antiviral agent possessing anti-Zika virus properties and demonstrates reasonable inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA</p>

<p>3,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (3,4'-DHF) is an oral active flavonoid. 3,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (3,4'-DHF) shows antiviral activity against Influenza A virus.</p>

<p>3M-011: potent TLR7/8 agonist, cytokine inducer, enhances radiotherapy, fights H3N2, and has anti-tumor effects.</p>

<p>EBOV-IN-1 is an adamantane dipeptide piperazine inhibitor of Ebola virus (EBOV) that inhibits EBOV infection and suppresses pseudotypic EBOV infection.</p>

<p>Massarilactone H, a polyketide, is a neuraminidase inhibitor, with an IC 50 of 8.18 µM .</p>

<p>Flutimide: Endonuclease inhibitor, IC50 = 3μM, for research on acute respiratory diseases like influenza.</p>

<p>Saussureamine C is an inhibitor of H274Y and N294S mutants.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-11 (15e) inhibits H1N1 (IC50: 4.7nM), H5N1 (8.46nM), H5N8 viruses (1.5nM) selectively &amp; potently.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-4 inhibits neuraminidase (EC50: 1.59 μM) and has strong anti-H5N1 activity.</p>

<p>Carbodine is an antiviral targeting CTP synthetase, effective against influenza A0/PR-8/34 and A2/Aichi/2/68.</p>

<p>RdRP-IN-5 (compound 20), a potent inhibitor of the influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), has potential application in influenza research [1].</p>

<p>CEN inhibitor IN-17 targets influenza A/H3N2; IC50: 1.29 μM. From patent CN112898346A, DSC701.</p>

<p>UNC0638 hydrate selectively inhibits G9a and GLP histone methyltransferases with IC50 values of 15 nM and 19 nM, respectively. It is effective in inhibiting invasion and migration of TNBC cells in vitro. Additionally, UNC0638 hydrate acts as an inhibitor of EHMT1/2 and induces the expression of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in cultures of human erythroid progenitor cells. Furthermore, it exhibits antiviral activity against FMDV (foot-and-mouth disease virus) and VSV (vesicular stomatitis virus), demonstrating remarkable potency and selectivity across various epigenetic and non-epigenetic targets.</p>

<p>Laninamivir trifluoroacetate, a long-acting antiviral, treats and prevents Influenza A and B via nasal spray.</p>

<p>Neuraminidase-IN-18 (compound N5), a novel polyheterocyclic neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against H5N1 NA, with an IC 50 of 0.14 μM against the wild-type H5N1 NA and 0.27 μM against the H5N1-H274Y mutant NA. This compound effectively binds to NAs, inhibiting influenza virus replication at the cellular level [1].</p>

<p>AV-5080 is an orally active neuraminidase (neuraminidase) inhibitor that is utilized in the research of both Type A and Type B influenza viruses.</p>

<p>VV261 is an orally active inhibitor of the Influenza Virus. It exhibits activity against the Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) and the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV), with EC50 values of 0.89 and 0.15, respectively.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-5 inhibits CEN and fights influenza with low toxicity and good in vivo properties.</p>

<p>Cis-RdRP-IN-5 is an effective inhibitor of the influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), employed in influenza virus research.</p>

<p>Compound 11h: Potent, low-toxicity anti-influenza, inhibits M2 ion channels. EC50: 3.29μM (H3N2), 2.45μM (H1N1).</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-10, with low toxicity &amp; good stability, effectively inhibits flu viruses and shows promise against A, B, C types.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-2 strongly blocks influenza A virus RNA polymerase; it's a CEN inhibitor.</p>

<p>RdRP-IN-4, an oral arylbenzohydrazide, inhibits influenza A/B by targeting PB1 of RdRP, with EC50s of 53 nM (H1N1) and 20 nM (Flu B), and aids infected mice.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-6 (compound 13) is a Cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) inhibitor that inhibits influenza virus.</p>

<p>Trans-RdRP-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of the influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), with applications in influenza virus research.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-7, a potent CEN inhibitor, blocks viral mRNA synthesis and virus spread, with research use for influenza A, B, C.</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-14 hinders CEN and could treat influenza virus infections. (Patent CN113620948A, compound 1-c).</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-25 is a potent inhibitor of CEN, useful in studying Orthomyxoviridae viruses. (See WO2020075080A1, compound 4.)</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-1: potent, oral inhibitor with antiviral properties against influenza.</p>

<p>UH15-38 is a potent and selective RIPK3 inhibitor that blocks necroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells triggered by IAV, useful for studying lung inflammation.</p>

<p>FGI-106 tetrahydrochloride demonstrates potent inhibitory activity across a broad spectrum of viruses, including those causing hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola</p>

<p>Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-9, a strong influenza inhibitor, shows low toxicity, good pharmacokinetics, and dynamic action.</p>