Toxicology

<p>Impurity Tenofovir Impurity<br>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications An impurity of Tenofovir (T018500). Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is used as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications D-(+)-Carnitine Benzyl Ester Perchlorate is an intermediate used in the synthesis of 3-Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine Chloride (H830900), which is a reagent used to study acylcarnitine profile in thyroid disease.<br>References Wong, S., et al.: Clinical Biochem., 46, 180 (2013); Alu, F., et al.: Heredity, 110, 253 (2013); Adam, B., et al.: Clinical Biochem., 44, 1445 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Triadimefon is an triazole fungicide is used for the management of mango powdery mildew in South Gujarat.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wang, S., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 4768 (2013); Sharma, H., et al.: J. Mycol. Plant. Pathnol., 42, 494 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic Acid (Isoferulic acid), a hypoglycemic agent.<br>References Liu, I.-M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 307, 1196 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications 21-Di[methylenebis(oxy)] 5α-Dihydrocortisol is an intermediate in the synthesis of Allo-3α-tetrahydro Cortisol 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt-d7 (A548512), which is a metabolite of Cortisol (H714615) in human plasma.<br>References Ikegawa, S. et al.: Anal. Chem., 81, 10124 (2009); Kornel, L. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem., 13, 751 (1980); Kornel, L. et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 6, 1267 (1975);<br></p>

<p>Applications (1R,2S)-erythro-Dihydro Bupropion Maleate is a metabolite of Bupropion (B689625), a selective inhibitor of dopamine uptake. An antidepressant of the aminoketone class; aid in smoking cessation.<br>References Writer, J.H., et. al.: Sci. Total Environ., 461 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2-Difluoroethanol is toxic. It has wide applications in pesticides, medicine and fluoropolymers,<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jiang, Q., et al.: Zhejiang Huagong, 43, 5 (2012); Yukako, M., et al.: J. Fluorine Chem., 125, 731 (2004); Siegemund, G., et al.: Fluorine Comp. Org., Wiley-VCH (2007); Timperley, C., et al.: J. Fluorine Chem., 123, 65 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Iprovalicarb is a systematic fungicide. Iprovalicarb is used for the control of pathogenic fungi from the oomycetes class in grapes, potatoes, tomatoes and other crops.<br>References Stubler, D. et al.: Pflanzensch.-Nach. Bay., 52, 33 (1999); Stenzel, K. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis., 2, 367 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Fensulfothion is a highly toxic insecticide used for agriculture purposes. Fensulfothion is used in cannabis testing kits as a component of pesticide mixes (P698240).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wong, J.W., et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 58, 5884 (2010); Inoue, T., et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 59, 3857 (2011); Kojima, H., et al.: Toxicol., 280, 77 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Febuxostat 67M-1 is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. It reduces uric acid production in the body and also used to reduce the risk of gout or kidney stone formation.<br>References Du, J., et al.: Handbook of Metabolic Pathways of Xenobiotics, 4, 1395 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Nifluridide also known as L-27 reduces the growth and metastasis of MCF-7 tumor cells in xenografts models and thus may provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of breast and other types of cancer. A potential KGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Nifluridide is also used in several pesticidal and insecticide compositions.<br>References Kesinger, J. W., et al.: Anticancer Res., 35, 47 (2015); Borth, P. W., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 79, 1632 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of new designer drug α-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone (PPP). α-Pyrrolidinophenones like 4'-Methyl-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MPPP), 4'-Methoxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MOPPP), 3',4'-Methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MDPPP) and 4'-Methyl-α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone (MPHP) are new designer drugs which have appeared on the illicit drug market. Controlled substance.<br>References Bryant, S., et al.: Clin. Pharm., 1983, 2, 525 (1983), Kalix, P., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 3015 (1986), Maurer, H., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 24, 340 (2000), Kraemer, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 2000, 28, 339 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Resazurin derivative.<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Hydroxynitrofen, can be used for the synthesis of three major ring-hydroxylated metabolites of Diclofop-methyl, acting as herbicide.<br>References Tanaka, F. S., et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 38, 553 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Dehydro-21-deoxy Cortisol is a metabolite of Cortisol (H714615), a steroid hormone, more specifically a glucocorticoid, produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. Cortisol is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucocorticoids. Its primary functions are to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis; suppress the immune system; and aid in fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism.<br>References Hechter, O., et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 25, 457 (1950); Colingsworth, D.R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 203, 807 (1953); Florey, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 12, 277 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Esomeprazole Impurity 16<br>Applications Omeprazole (O635000) impurity. Esomeprazole Impurity 16.<br></p>

<p>Applications Vegita is a metabolite of fungicide maneb (M163500).<br>References Garcinuno, R., et al.: J. Chromat. A, 1043, 225(2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Anti-inflammatory agent.<br>References Jeong, G. et al.; Eur. J. Pharmacol. 644, 230 (2010); Washiyama, M. et al.; Biol. Pharm. Bull. 32, 941 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methylperfluorooctanesulfonamide is a derivative of Perfluorooctanesulfo​namide (FOSA) (P286245), which represents an important subgroup of the environmental contaminants known as perfluorinated compounds (PFCs).<br>References Hradkova, P., et al.: Czech J. Food Sci., 28, 333 (2010); Del Gobbo, L., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 56, 7551 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Milbemycin D (~90% purity) is a macrocyclic lactones that can be used as a nematocide and insecticide.<br>References Arena, J. P., et al.: J. Parasitol 81, 286 (1995); Takiguchi, Y., et al.: J. Antibiot 36, 502 (1983)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-(Trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (cas# 543739-84-0) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone 17-Hexahydrobenzoate-d11 is the isotope analog of Testosterone 17-Hexahydrobenzoate. Testosterone 17-Hexahydrobenzoate is a metabolite of testosterone (T155000), which is used in biological studies to determine the hemolytic and lipophilic activity of this anabolic steroid.<br>References Biagi, G.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 944 (1970); Biagi, G. L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 873 (1975)<br></p>

<p>Applications Malathion-d7 (dimethyl-d6; 3-d1) (CAS# 352438-94-9) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetophos is used as an insecticide.<br>References Saito, T., et al.: Bochu Kagaku. 31, 77 (1966)<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxymorphone-13Cd3 is the labelled analogue of Oxymorphone (Cat. O876800). This opiate can be used as a analgesic.<br>References Gimbel, J., et al.: Anesth. Analg., 99, 1472 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenol is used as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen by Cupriavidus strain a3.<br>References Tiwari, J., et al.: Bioresour. Technol., 223, 184-191 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl Indomethacin-d3, is the labeled analogue of O-Desmethyl-N-deschlorobenzoyl Indomethacin (D291620), a metabolite of Indomethacin (I641000).<br>References O'Brien, W., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 9, 94 (1968), Duggan, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 181, 563 (1972), Abourashed, E., et al.: Curr. Med. Chem., 6, 359 (1999), Chatterjee, P., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 62, 761 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications 17α-Testosterone-16,16,17-d3 Cypionate is the isotope labelled analog of 17α-Testosterone Cypionate (T155155); the 17α-isomer of Testosterone Cypionate (T155100) which is an anabolic steroid with androgenic properties. Also used for testosterone therapy in males with hypogonadism.<br>References Rabkin, J.G. et al.: J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 19, 19 (1999); Hajjar, R. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 82, 3793 (1997); Rhoden, E. et al.: J. Sex Med., 7, 277 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications A deuterated 4-chloro Bupropion (B689625) analogue used in the preparation of compounds for indirect dopamine agonist pharmacotherapy for treating cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine, and other drugs of abuse addiction.<br>References Carroll, F.I. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 6768 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Demeton-S (D231360).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Szeto, S.Y., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 30, 1082 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications MCPA methyl ester is a derivative of MCPA which is a herbicide.<br>References Elliott, B., et al.: Mutagenesis, 20, 3 (2005), Pfleeger, T., et al.; Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 30, 455 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid-d3 Diethyl Ester is a derivative of 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid-d3 Sodium Salt (M326162), a metabolite of Glufosinate (G596950). 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid-d3 Diethyl Ester is used in the preparation of the naturally occurring amino acid, Phosphinothricin.<br>References Zeiss, H.: J. Org. Chem., 56, 1783 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications Flufenoxuron-d3 (2,6-difluorobenzoyl-d3) is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Flufenoxuron (F435100), which is a known insecticide and acts as an insect growth regulator by inhibiting chitin synthesis.<br>References Abbaszadeh, G., et al.: Pesticide. Res. J., 23, 52 (2011); Yang, A., et al.: Food. Control., 28, 99 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid (cas# 2012-74-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Cholic Acid (C432600) derivative.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Hydroxy Vortioxetine O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt, is a metabolite of Vortioxetine (V766000, HBr); a multimodal serotonergic agent which inhibits 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT3A, 5-HT7 receptor and SERT.<br>References Bang-Andersen, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 54, 3206 (2011); Mørk, A., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 340, 666 (2012); Mørk, A., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 105C, 41 (2013); Uldam, H.K., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 39, 2264 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in the synthesis of novel phosphorothioates and phosphorodithioates as cholinesterase inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Millard, C., et al.: J. Neurochem., 64, 1909 (1995), Nicolet, Y., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 41141 (2003), Casida, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 17, 983 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pentachlorophenol-13C6 is the labeled form of Pentachlorophenol (P238100), which is used as insecticide for terminate control; pre-harvest defoliant; general herbicide. Antimicrobial preservative and fungicide for wood, wood products, starches, textiles, paints, adhesives, leather, pulp, paper, industrial waste systems, building materials. Surface disinfectant.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gaines, T.B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 14, 515 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Applications Biscarfentrazone is herbicidal compounds.<br>References Trabold, K., et al.:PCT Int. Appl.,(2020);<br></p>