Toxicology

<p>Applications An immunosuppressive. Inhibits T and B cell proliferation. Activity is attributed mainly to its metabolite, a malononitrile derivative, which is beleived to inhibit dihydroorotate dehydrogenase as well as several protein tyrosine kinases.This compound is suitable for dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) related research.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Vrenken, T., et al.: J. Hepatol., 49, 799 (2008), Mazzucco, G., et al.: Clin. Nephrol., 70, 163 (2008), Davies, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 2683 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Homopravastatin is an impurity of Pravastatin (P702000).<br>References O'Connor, P., et al.: Br. Med. J., 300, 667 (1990), Vickers, S., et al.: Drug. Metab. Dispos., 18, 138 (1990), Ellison, D., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subst. Excipients, 22, 359 (1993), Reddy, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 32, 461(2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Malachite Green in seafood products. A triphenylmethane dye with fungicidal and limited antiseptic activity. The term Malachine green applies to the oxalate as well as the chloride. Harmful if swallowed. Avoid release to the environment. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing<br>References Carter, S.G., et al.: J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods, 7, 7 (1982), Saikan, S., et al.: J. Chem. Phys., 79, 4154 (1983), Clemmensen, S., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 56, 43 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibiotic.<br>References Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity J<br>Applications 9α-Fluoro-11β-hydroxy-16-β-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17(R)-spiro-2’-[4’-chloro-5’-ethylfuran-3’(2’H)-one (Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity J) is an impurity in the synthesis of Clobetasol 17-Propionate (C583500), a topical corticosteroid. Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory.<br>References Olsen, E.A., et al.: J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 15, 246 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride is a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Altreuther, P., et al.: Vet. Med. Rev., 2, 87 (1987),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-[(1-Ethylpropyl)amino]-2-methyl-3,5-dinitro-benzoic Acid is a metabolite of Pendimethalin (P221900), an herbicide used to control the spread of weedgrass.<br>References Haith, D., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 6496 (2010); Jabran, K., et al.: Int. J. Agric. Biol., 12, 335 (2010); Rahaman, S., et al.: Environ. Ecol., 28, 1 (2010); Zulalian, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 1743-54 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bictegravir, is a novel, potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase with an IC50 of 7.5 nM.<br>References Tsiang M. et al.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Nov 21;60(12):7086-7097;<br></p>

<p>Applications Zeatin, purified from Zea mays, is a member of the cytokinin group of plant growth factors, the activity of which is attributed to its more stable trans form. Trans-Zeatin inhibits UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression via MAP kinase signaling in human skin fibroblasts. Trans-Zeatin is a potential agent for the management of skin photoaging.<br>References Murashige, T., et al.: Physiol. Plant, 15, 473 (1962), Brenneisen, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 5279 (1998), Choi, M., et al.: J. Dermatol. Sci., 46, 127 (2007), Bae, J., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 1298 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A major metabolite of Nicotine in humans. Carcinogen.<br>References Benowitz, N., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 56, 483 (1994), Nakajima, M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 24, 1212 (1996), Messina, E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 282, 1608 (1997), Oscarson, M., et al.: Hum. Mutat., 20, 275 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications rac Efavirenz is a mixture of both enantiomers for Efavirenz (E425000), a nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral.<br>References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995); Hadaruga, D. et al.: J. Med Chem., 48, 2432 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Lisdexamfetamine, a new, novel amphetamine product, has been shown to provide efficacy upwards of 12 h in children and adults with a side effect profile similar to those of other longer-acting amphetamine products.Controlled substance.<br>References Biederman, J., et al.: Clin. Ther., 29, 450 (2007), Medori, R., et al.: Biol. Psychiatry., 63, 981 (2008), Krishnan, S., et al.: Clin. Drug Investig., 28, 745 (2008), Ramos-Quiroga, J., et al.: CNS Drugs, 22, 603 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications A trizolopyrazine dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor. It has recently been approved for the therapy of type II diabetes.<br>References Kim, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 141 (2005), Ahren, B., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 521 164 (2005), Bergman, A., et al: Clin. Ther., 28, 55 (2006).<br></p>

<p>Applications Anti-inflammatory. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Glasson, et al.: Biochem, Pharmacol., 18, 633 (1969), Boissier, et al.: Therapie, 26, 211 (1971), Sorenson, J.R.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 19, 135 (1976), Barnett, J., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1209, 130 (1994), Johnson, J.L., et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 324, 26 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antibacterial.<br>References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Dunham, J.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 249 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications Linagliptin is a novel potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor with potential use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.<br>References Prabavathy, N. et al.: Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 2, 438 (2011); Deacon, C.F.: Diab. Obes. Metab., 13, 7 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-(+)-Verapamil Hydrochloride and both of its isomers inhibit the p-glycoprotein efflux pump in multidrug resistant tumor cells.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Peroutka, S., et al.: J. Ann. Neurol, 23, 500 (1988); Eliason, J.F., et al.: Int. J. Cancer, 46, 113 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic Acid is part of the group of pyrethroid pesticides. Pyrethroid pesticides are commonly used in tropical regions such as the Caribbean as household insecticides, pet sprays, and where malaria is endemic, impregnated into mosquito-repellent nets.<br>References Dewailly, E., et al.: Environ. Int., 63, 201 (2013),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled Phenothiazine (P318040) analog. Antipsychotic.<br>References Sartorelli, A.C., et al.: Experientia, 21, 457 ( 1965),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Atropine. Mydriatic; antispasmodic; used in preanesthetic medication.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Brown, R.V., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 15, 170 (1960), Shutt, L.E., et al.: Anaesthesia, 34, 476 (1979), Hinderling, P.H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 74, 703 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity E<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (6α,9β,11β,16α)-9,11-Epoxy-6-fluoro-21-hydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, can be used in the production of fluocinolone acetonide (F455800).<br>References Grinenko, G.S, Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, 12, 110 (1978), Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964), Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Toremifene is an analog of chlorinated tamoxifen and an antiproliferative agent.<br>References Verma, V., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 280, 323 (2014); Hong, A., et al.: Chemotherapy 48, 238 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Antibacterial.<br>References Gray, B.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 13, 988 (1978), Lorenz, L.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 9, 107 (1980), Hori, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 40, 646 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Indole-3-acetic acid in plants.<br>References Barratt, N., et al.: Physiol. Plant, 105, 207 (1999), Jackson, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 4350 (2001), Staswick, P., et al.: Plant Cell, 17, 616 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Amitraz (A633320) impurity, its degradation products in fruits.<br>References Hernando, M., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389, 1815 (2007), Pico, Y., et al.: Anal. Chem., 79, 9350 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (R)-(-)-Littorine is a tropane alkaloid found in a variety of plants and have been found to potentially detoxify cells in overproducing conditions.<br>References Al Balkhi, M.H., et al.: Phytochem., 74, 105 (2012); Pavlov, A., et al.: App. Biochem. Biotechnol., 157, 210 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ophthalmic agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mathur, K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 11, 1915 (2003), Zhao, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 2815 (2007), Roy, K., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 44, 2913 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbetamide-D5 is the labelled analogue of Carbetamide (C178028). Carbetamide is used in the determination of pesticides.<br>References Jia, W., et al.: Journal of Chromatogr. A., 1395, 160-166 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications 4,5-Dichloro-2-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone (cas# 64359-81-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromfenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Obach, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Disposition, 36, 1385 (2008), MacDonald, J., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 110, 40 (2009), Varma, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 4844 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Riociguat-13C-d3 is the labelled analogue of Riociguat (R520000), which is used in the treatment for pulmonary hypertension.<br>References Frey, R. et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 51, 1051 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Trimethyl-tetradecylammonium chloride,99% (cas# 4574-04-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Ledipasvir is most commonly used in combination with sofosbuvir for treatment in chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. It inhibits an important viral phosphoprotein, NS5A, which is involved in viral replication, assembly, and secretion.<br>References Lawitz, E., et al.: J. Hepatol., 57, 24 (2012); Afdhal, N., et al.: New England J. Med., 370, 1889 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications The 5-hydroxy analogue of the bronchodilator, Albuterol (A514500).<br></p>

<p>Applications Scopolamine is an acetylcholine antagonist. Used in treatment of motion sickness; antiemetic; antispasmodic; mydriatic; preanesthetic medicant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Brand, J.J., et al.: Lancet, 2, 232 (1970); Bowles, J.B., et al.: Anaesthesia, 34, 476 (1979); Clissold, S.P., et al.: Drugs, 29, 189 (1985); Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 477 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dalfampridine is used in characterizing subtypes of potassium channel, and has also been used to manage some of the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, and is indicated for symptomatic improvement of walking in adults with several variations of the disease. Dalfampridine is a precursor to the drug Pinacidil.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Judge S., et al.: Pharmacol. Ther., 111, 224 (2006), Wu, Z.Z., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 284. 36453 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications A bronchodilator.<br>References Daly, J. W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 9(3), 273 (1966).<br></p>

<p>Applications Astragaloside IV has cardiovascular protective effects, protecting the vascular endothelial cells. In addition it is attributed to have anti0inflammatory and anti-virus effects as well. This is due to its scavenging ability of oxygen free radicals, regulation of mineral homeostasis and antioxidative effects.<br>References Liu, S. et al.: J. Chinese Pharm. Sci., 22, 222 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dichlobentiazox is a pesticide.<br>References Tanaka, R., et al.: From PCT Int. Appl. (2017), WO 2017170792 A1 20171005; Reinhard, R., et al.: From PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020169414 A1 20200827<br></p>

<p>Applications A specific inhibitor of COX-2 .<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References McGeer, P.L., et al.: Exp. Gerontol., 37, 925 (2002), Chenevard, R., et al.: Circulation, 107, 405 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3H)-one is part of a group of compounds that exhibit antimicrobial activity. 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3H)-one is also used as a reagent to synthesize 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4-one-arylpiperazine derivatives, compounds that act as Serotonin (HCl: S274980) receptor ligands.<br>References Caliendo, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 8, 533 (2000); Kar, A., et al.: Pharmazie, 35, 466 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications Selexipag is an orally available, highly selective, long-acting prostacyclin (IP) receptor agonist prodrug. It is a potential drug for the treatment of various vascular disorders such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and arteriosclerosis obliterans.<br>References Kuwano, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Exp. Ther., 322, 1181 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Azapropazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.<br>References Jones, C.: Curr. Med. res. Opin., 4, 3 (1976); In’t Veld, B., et al.;New Eng. J. Med., 345, 1515 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications Psychotropic agent with anxiolytic and anticonvulsant activity.<br>References Boissier, J.R., et al.: Therapie, 27, 325 (1972), Bente, D., et al.: Arzneim. Forsch., 25, 944 (1975),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dienogest-d8 (major) is labelled derivative of 19-Nortestosterone. It is used in combination with estrogen as oral contraceptive.<br>References Hubner, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 30, 401 (1980), Spona, J., et al.: Contraception, 56, 185 (1997), Foster, R.H., et al.: Drugs, 56, 825 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications Flubromazepam is a designer benzodiazepine drug structurally related to Phenazepam (P295300); a drug used in the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, alcohol withdrawal and insomnia. Phenazepam (P295300) can also be used as a premedication before surgery as it augments the effects of anesthetics and reduces anxiety.<br>References Moosmann, B., et al.: J. Mass Spectrom., 48, 1150 (2013); Ogiso, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 37, 446 (1989); Gu, Q., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 1001 (1993); Bekhterev, V.N., et al.: Pharm. Chem. J., 42, 95 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Daminozide-d4 is labelled Daminozide which is a plant growth regulator. Used as a standard for Pesticide detection, and cannabis testing.<br>References Moriya, M., et al.: Mutation Res. Genetic Toxicol. Testing, 116, 185 (1983); Rose, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 6639 (2012); Narayanan, V., et al.: Analusis, 21, 107 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Quinidine.<br>References Small, D.L., et al.: J. Chem. Med., 22, 1014 (1979), Guentert, T.W., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 7, 31 (1982), Rakhir, A., et al.: J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm., 12, 1 (1984), Christie, D.J., et al.: J. Lab. Clin. Med., 112, 92 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Forchlorfenuronis is a diphenylurea-derivative cytokinin. Forchlorfenuronis is used as a plant growth regulator (PGR). Forchlorfenuronis is commonly used in horticulture to stimulate the growth of kiwi fruit and grapes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Iwahori, S. et al.: Sci. Horticult., 35, 109 (1988); Peppi, M.C. et al.: Horscience, 43, 173 (2008); Woolley, D. et al.: Acta Horticult., 727, 291 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ritonavir EP Impurity L<br>Applications Desthiazolylmethyl Ritonavir (Ritonavir EP Impurity L) is an analogue of the selective HIV protease inhibitor Ritonavir (R535000). It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Brittain, H., et al.: Pharm. Res., 8, 963 (1991), Sham, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 392 (1996), Phadnis, N., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci.,86, 1256 (1997), Bauer, J., et al.: Pharma. Res., 18, 859 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fusidic Acid Sodium Salt is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Fusidic Acid suppresses nitric oxide lysis of pancreatic islet cells. Inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes by inhibiting the ribosome-dependent activity of G factor and translocation of peptidyl-tRNA.<br>References Collignon, P., et al.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 12, S45 (1999); Di Marco, R., et al.: J. Autoimmun., 13, 187 (1999); Price, C.T., et al.: J. Antimicrob., Chemother., 44, 57 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Pestanal is an fungicide that exhibits a broad spectrum of activities against a wide variety of fungi including members of the Aschomycetes, Basidomycetes and Deuteromycetes families.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pinto, A., et al.: Sci. Tot. Environ., 435, 402 (2012); Bakirci, G.T., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1901 (2012); Sharma, A.K., et al.: Pestology., 36, 47 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications A fat-metabolism stimulator. Antioxidant.<br>References Plotzker, R., et al.: Am. J. Med. Sci., 283, 79 (1982), Evans, J., et al.: Diabetes Technol. Ther., 2, 401 (2000), Konrad, D., et al.: Diabetes, 50, 1464 (2001), Lockhart, B., et al.: Brain Res., 855, 292 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dichlorobenzenamine is used in the synthesis of effective inhibitors of plant δ1-pyrroline-4-carboxylate reductase. Also used in the preparation of anti-tumor agents based upon diaryl urea derivatives.<br>References Forlani, G. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 61, 6792 (2013); Zhai, X. et al.: Molecules, 18, 2904 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Pirlimycin Hydrochloride (Mixture of Diastereomers) is a semi-synthetic lincosaminide antibiotic; structural analog of Clindamycin. Antibacterial.<br>References Ahonkhai, V.I., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 21, 902 (1982); Qadri, S.M.H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 42 (1983); Birkenmeyer, R.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 27, 216 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes. It behaves as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. Cypermethrin can exhibit a toxic effect on the reproductive system.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hu, J., et al.: J. Appl. Toxicol., 33, 576 (2011); Singh, A., et al.: Neurobiol. Aging., 33, 404 (2012); Amer, S., et al.: J. Mut. Res., 155, 135 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Rocuronium EP Impurity C<br>Applications 17-Desacetyl Rocuronium Bromide (Rocuronium EP Impurity C) is a metabolite of Rocuronium (R639500), in human plasma.<br>References Kleef, U., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 621, 65 (1993), Proost, J., et al.: Br. J. Anaesth., 85, 717 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fluoxetine (F597100) derivative.<br>References Cashman, J. et al.: Bioorgan Med. Chem. 17, 337 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled inhibitor of glucose synthesis.<br>References Garcia-Salguero, L. et al.: Arch. Int. Physiol., Biochim. Biophys., 99, 237, (1991); Martirosyan, A., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 1729 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive, unstable in solution<br>Applications 4-Hydroxy Diclofenac acyl glucuronide is a derivative of Diclofenac (Sodium Salt: D436450). Diclofenac is the first non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is derived from phenylacetic acid. Diclofenac, like other NSAIDs, primarily works by targeting the cyclo-oxygenase pathway in the arachidonic acid cascade, reducing the formation of inflammation mediators in the body.<br>References Ku, E., et al.: Am. J. Med., 80, 18 (1986); Simmons, D., et al.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 96, 3275 (1999); Small, R.: Clin. Pharm., 8, 545 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Sudoxicam and Meloxicam are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from the enol-carboxamide class.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wiseman, E., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 21, 2323 (1972), Schmid, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 23, 1206 (1995), Marnett, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 22903 (1999), Ji, T., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 20, 701 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dexmedetomidine is an α2-Adrenergic agonist; (+)-isomer of Medetomidine; sedative; analgesic.<br>References Rajala, R., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 1, 219 (1994), Jalonen, J., et al.: Anesthesiology, 86, 331 (1997), Talke, P., et al.: Anesth. Analg., 85, 1136 (1997), Bhana, N., et al.: Drugs, 59, 263 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications trans-Permethrinic acid is a potent insecticide used in the agricultural industry to eliminate unwanted pests from crops. trans-Permethrinic acid is also metabolite of pyrethroid compounds, a group of pesticides that are relatively low toxicity (to organisms that are not intended to be targeted) and biodegradable.<br>References Kale, M., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 105, 197 (1999); Leszczynski, J., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 5891 (1993); Sodurlund, D. &amp; Bloomquist, J.: Ann. Rev. Entomol., 34, 77 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled (+)-Isomenthone is an isomer of (-)-Menthone. (-)-Menthone is a constituent of the essential oils of pennyroyal, peppermint, Pelargonium geraniums, and others. It is also a naturally occurring pesticide.<br>References Zhang, Q., et al.: Pest Management Science, 69, 542 (2013); Weimin, Y., Shijie Nongyao, 30, 33 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Analgesic (narcotic). Controlled substance (opiates).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gruber, G.M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 99, 312 (1950), Abdel-Monem, M.M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 15, 494 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications Defluoro Dolutegravir is an impurity of Dolutegravir (D528800), a second generation HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor. Dolutegravir is currently in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of HIV infection. Dolutegravir has been shown to potently inhibit HIV replication in cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), MT-4 cells and CIP4 cells infected with a self-inactivating PHIV lentiviral vector.<br>References Kobayashi, M. et al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 55, 813 (2011); Garrido, C. et al.: Antiviral, Res., 90, 164 (2011); Lenz, J.C.C. et al.: Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 20, 537 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Hydrochloride Salt of 2-Methyl-3-isothiazolone-d3, a pesticidal substituted 3-isothiazolinone.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Thierse, H., et al.: J. Immunol., 172, 1926 (2004), Nilsson, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 18, 308 (2005), Nitsche, J., eet al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 95, 649 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Carvone is useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders and GI related disorders.<br>References Shabi, M. M., et al.: Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci., 8, 328 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Octyl Decyldimethyl Ammonium Chloride is used as a wood preservative and sanitizing agent against bacterium on high density polyethylene surfaces.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Yang, H. et al.: J. Food Prot., 72, 990 (2009); Butcher, J. et al.: Forest Prod. J., 27, 19 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Stability Air sensitive, Material darkens in storage with no loss in purity<br>Applications Aniline is used in the manufacture of dyes, medicinals, resins, varnishes, perfumes, as a vulcanizing rubber or even as a solvent (1,2). Hazardous and noxious substance which affects the early life stages of marine animals (3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Barkov, A. et al.: Russ. Chem. Bull. 2012. Aug:61(8) pp1564-92. Zhang, X. et al.: Synthesis. 2013 45(10): 1357-13633. Cunha, I. et. al.: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2017 Mar 10.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Adapalene USP Related Compound B<br>Applications Adapalene intermediate, an ester of Adapalene. Adapalene USP Related Compound B.<br>References Charpentier, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 4993 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(4-Chlorophenoxy)acetic Acid is used in the synthesis of a new class of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 inhibitors.<br>References Frank, P.V., et al.: J. Chem. Sci., 119, 41 (2007); Belecki, K. et al.: Org. Proc. Res. Develop., 11, 754 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Metabolite of 5α-Androst-16-en-3β-ol<br>References Gower, D., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 63, 81 (1997), Zorko, M., et al.: Steroids, 65, 46 (2000), Diel, P., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 169, 64 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A potent α-glucosidase inhibitor. A new antidiabetic drug.<br>References Lembcke, B., et al.: Digestion, 31, 120 (1985), Yoshikuni, Y., et al.: J. Pharmacobio-Dyn., 11, 356 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Clonitazene is an opioid analgesic of approximately three times the potency of morphine. It is used in opioid agonist/antagonist combinations for treatment of opioid receptor mediated diseases such as depression and pain.<br>References Deaver, D., et al.: U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. US 20130281388 A1 20131024. Oct 24, 2013<br></p>