Toxicology

Impurity Ritonavir EP Impurity E
Applications Hydroxy Ritonavir (Ritonavir EP Impurity E) is a metabolite of Ritonavir (R535000), HIV-1 protease inhibitor. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Eagling, V., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 48, 543 (1999), Eagling, V., et al.: Xenobiotica, 32, 1 (2002), Meaden, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 50, 583 (2002), Treijtel, N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 1325 (2005),

Applications Labelled Triclocarban. Used as bacteriostat and antiseptic in soaps and other cleansing compositions. Antiseptic, disinfectant.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Rastogi, S., et al.: Contact Derm., 32, 28 (1995), Thomassin, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 15, 831 (1997), Heath, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 274, 11110 (1999), Dayan, A., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 45, 125 (2007),

Applications A microorganism based antimicrobial with high efficiency, low toxicity and good environmental compatibility. A key effective component of the pesticide M18.
References Chen, Y. et al.: Sci China, Ser. C Life Sci., 51, 174 (2008); Xu, Y. et al.: Jin. Yu Zhuan. Huax., 12, 8 (2004); Badria, F.A. et al.: Scient. Pharmac., 62, 355 (1994);

Applications Clomazone is used in herbicidal combinations.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Zagar, C., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. 53pp. (2020)

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications (Z)-Metominostrobin (cas# 133408-51-2) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications The trans-isomer of the third generation synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, Bifenthrin (B383000).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications Labelled Linezolid. Prototype of the oxazolidinone antimicrobials; inhibits bacterial mRNA translation.
References Brickner, S.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 673 (1996), Ford, C.W., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 1508 (1996), Rybak, M.J., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 18, 456 (1998), Stevens, D.L., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 34, 1481 (2002),

Applications An orally active, antimycotic allylamine related to naftifine. A specfic inhibitor of squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in fungal ergosterol biosynthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Petranyi, G., et al.: Science, 224, 1239 (1984), Ryder, N.S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 27, 252 (1985), Evans, E.G.V., et al.: Br. Med. J., 318, 1031 (1999),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications An impurity in the synthesis of Erythromycin (E649950). An antibacterial.
References Zhang, L. et al.: J. Antibio., 64, 243 (2011); Koch, W.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 8, 157 (1979),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Ethanolamine-13C2 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Ethanolamine (E676500), which is used in the preparation of various pharmaceutical compounds and inhibitors. Ethanolamine-13C2, is also a 13C-labeled lipid precursor, used for the detection of phospholipid metabolism and the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine in T47D human breast cancer cells.
References Ronen, S. M., et al.: Magnetic Resonance Med., 25, 384 (1992); Lombardo, L. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 6658 (2004); Egan, T.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 283 (2000);

Applications Glucocorticoid receptor binding.A representative lots showed approximately 10% d8.
References Gazdar, A., et al.: Cancer Res., 50, 5488, (1990), Bird, I., et al.: Endocrinology, 134, 2468 (1994), Auchus, R., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 3158 (1998), Dardis, A., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 179, 131 (2003),

Applications Methiocarb Sulfoxide acts as a pesticide which is used in the protection of crops from insects and fungus.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wong, J. et al.: J. Agri,. Food. Chem., 58, 5897 (2010); Ghini, S. et al.: Arch. Env. Cont. Toxicol., 47, 479 (2004);

Applications A synthetic steroid with weak estrogenic, androgenic and progestogenic activity. A pharamceutical used in the treatment of menopausal syndrome.
References de Visser, J., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 34, 1010 (1984), Geusens, P., et al.: Maturitas Suppl, 1, 1 (1987)

Applications Buthiobate is a fungicide with cytogenetic activity.
References Badr, A., et al.: Cytologia, 53, 635 (1988); Lyr, H., et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 32, 197 (1988); Yoshida, Y., et al.: J. Pharmacobiodyn., 8, 432 (1985)

Applications Daidzein-7-sulfate-4’-β-D-glucuronide disodium salt is a Daizein (D103500) metabolite.
References Adlercreutz, H;., et al.: J. Steroid Mol. Biol., 52, 97 (1995), Kinjo, J., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 185 (2004),

Applications An Antineoplastic. Used as an adrenolytic agent.
References Das, S., and Thomas, P.: Endocrinology, 140, 1953 (1999), Andersen, A., et al.: Ther. Drug. Monit., 21, 355 (1999), Leblond, V.S., and Hontela, T.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 157, 16 (1999)

Applications Diclofop-methyl is used as the active ingredient in many herbicides that are used to control weed growth in plants such as wheat and wild oats.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Marzouk, E., et al.: J. Appl. Sci. Res., 9, 4907 (2013)

Applications Chlorthion is a pesticide found in the study of agrochemical bioregulators.
References Yan, D. Y., Huanjing Huaxue, 25, 220-224, (2006)

Applications Felodipine-13C4, d3 is the labeled analogue of Felodipine (F232375), a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.
References Berntsson, P.B., et al.: Acta Pharm. Suec., 18, 221 (1981); Kratochwil, N., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 64, 1355 (2002); O'Brien, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 1287 (2005); Castilho, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14, 516 (2006)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Labelled Phosmet is used as a pesticide to protect crops and vegetation. Insecticide.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Sipes, N. et al.: Chem. Res. Tox., 26, 878 (2013); Song, Y. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 6, 2625 (2013); Sinderhauf, K. et al.: J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm., 47, 509 (2004);

Applications Antihistaminic.
References Casy, A.F., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 22, 270 (1970),

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications Chlorpyriphos-methyl is an derivative of Chlorpyrifos (C425300), an insecticide that acts on the nervous system of insects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Sipes, N.S., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 26, 878 (2013); Zhao, Q.,et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 405, 4765 (2013);

Applications Pyrogallol Acid, has antiseptic and antipsoriatic properties.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Tanenbaum, B., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 28, 21 (1958), Dollahite, J.W., et al.: Am. J. Vet. Res., 23, 1264 (1962),

Stability Unstable in Solution
Applications p-Hydroxypenicillin V is a byproduct in the synthesis of Penicillin V (P223500), an antibacterial agent.
References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Dunham, J.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 249 (1972),

Applications Nicotine Salicylate is used for treatment of smoking withdrawal syndrome.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Eneroth, P., et al.: Med. Biol., 55, 158 (1977),

Applications Doxycycline-d3 Hyclate, is the labeled analogue of Doxycycline Hyclate (D561500), acting as an Antibacterial.
References Fabre, et al.: Chemotherapia, 11, 73 (1966), Goldenthal, et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Polson, A.M., et al.: J. Periodontol., 68, 110 (1997),

Applications A urease inhibitor.
References Zaman, M., et al.: Soil Biol. Biochem., 41, 1270 (2009), Giovannini, C., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 4883 (2009),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Fosfomycin Tromethamine is used as an antibiotic compound in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
References Keating, G. et al.: Drugs, 73, 1951 (2013); Demir, T. et al.: Int. J. Infect. Dis., 17, e966 (2013);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Cobicistat is a HIV protease inhibitor and has been coadministered with low-dose ritonavir (R535000) as a pharmacoenhancer, significantly increasing their plasma concentrations.
References Von, H., Exp. Rev. Clin. Pharmacol., 5, 557 (2012); Lepist, E.I., et al.: Antimicrob. Agent. Chemother., 56, 5409 (2012); Orr, S.T.M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 4896 (2012);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Oseltamivir-d5 Phosphate is the isotope labelled analog of Oseltamivir (O701000); an orally active inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase; converted in vivo to the active acid metabolite. Also an antiviral drug. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Oliyai, R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 15, 1300 (1998); Kim, C.U., et al.: Med. Chem. Res., 8, 392 (1998); Hayden, F.G., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 341, 1336 (1999); Treanor, J.J., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 283, 1016 (2000)

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Grifolic Acid is a selective partial GPR120 agonist. Grifolic Acid induces ERK and [Ca2+]i responses in cells expressing GPR120, but has no effects on those expressing GPR40.
References Hara, T. et al.: Naun. Schmied. Arch. Pharmacol., 380, 247 (2009); Sun. Q. et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 78, 804 (2010);

Impurity Rifaximin EP Impurity F
Applications Rifamycin O (Rifaximin EP Impurity F) is a Rifaximin intermediate.
References Vohra, R., et al.: Biotechnol. Lett., 11, 851 (1989), Bacchi, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 2319 (1998),

Applications Apixaban-d3 is labelled Apixaban (A726700) which is a potent, direct, selective, and orally active inhibitor of coagulation factor Xa. It is a potential new oral coagulant that may be useful prevention of venous thromboembolism in total hip, knee replacement orthopedic surgery and stroke in treatment of patient with venous thromboembolic disorder or with atrial fibrillation.
References Luettgen, J.M. et al.: J. Enz. Inhib. Med. Chem., 26, 514 (2011); Glanis, T. et al.: J. Thromb. Thrombol., 31, 310 (2011); barrett, Y.C. et al.: Thromb. Haemos., 105, 181 (2011);

Applications Cefsulodin is a third generation cephalosporin (C258750) antibiotic designed specifically for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.
References Newall, C.E., et al.: Comprehen. Med. Chem., 2, 609 (1990); Zhao, W.H., et al.: J. Med. MIcrobiol., 57, 974 (2008); Goto, H., et al.: Jap. J. Antibio., 61, 209 (2008);

Applications Direct Blue 218 is an azo dye used in diagnostic imaging. Used in the prediction of rat carcinogenisis. Also used in textile dyes contributing to textile effluents and wastewaters.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.
References Baughman, G. et al.: Textile. Chemist. Color. Am. Dye. Rep., 32, 51 (2000);

Applications Topramezone is a herbicide that belongs to the class of pyrazolones or benzoylpyrazoles. It can be used to control broad leaved weeds and grass weeds in maize crop protection.
References Gitsopoulos, K.T., et al.: Crop Protection, 29, 1091-1093 (2010); Zhang, J., et al.: Crop Protection, 52, 26-32 (2013)

Applications Tetramethylol Acetylenediurea is a useful additive for forming etching patterns in semiconductor manufacturing.
References Lee, S. J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020184904 A1

Applications Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Antiglaucoma agent.
References Lippa, E.A., et al.: Ophthalmology, 98, 308 (1991); Wang, R.-F., et al.: Arch. Ophthalmol., 109, 1297 (1991); Whikehart, D., et al.: J. Ocul. Pharmacol., 7, 195 (1991); Sjoquist, B., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 745 (1998);