Toxicology

<p>Applications A metabolite of Triamcinolone acetonide.<br>References Edsbacker, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 11, 590 (1983), Szefler, S., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 30, 323 (1986), Hansel, T., et al.: J. Immunol. Methods, 145, 105 (1991), Argenti, D., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 39, 695 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Lithocholate is an derivative of Lithocholic Acid (L469180),a cholic acid derivative as TGR5 modulator. Found in ox bile, human bile, rabbit bile, and in ox and pig gallstones.<br>References Roleira, F.M., et al.: Lett. Drug. Design. Discovery., 7, 610 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.<br>References Parmentier, G. , et al.: Steroids, 30, 583 (1977), Tserng, K.Y., et al.: Lipids, 13, 479 (1978),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Benzydamine (B209950).<br>References Kataoka, S., et al.: Chem. Pharma. Bull., 21, 358 (1973),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Calcium Folinate Hydrate EP Impurity E<br>Stability Unstable in Basic Solution<br>Applications 5-Formyltetrahydropteroic Acid is an impurity of Folic Acid (F680300); a vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA. It also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.<br>References Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010); Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010); Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010); McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxy Propofol sulfate sodium salt is a derivative of Propofol, a hypnotic intravenous agent that is commonly used as an anasthetic for conscious sedation.<br>References GüLCIN, I., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53, 281 (2005); Koshy, G., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 95, 1476 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atorvastatin EP Impurity G<br>Applications Atorvastatin derivative.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Rosuvastatin tert-Butyl Ester, is a metabolite of Rosuvastatin (R700500) a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.<br>References Watanabe, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 5, 437 (1997), Lee, E., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 78, 330 (2005), Ferdinand, K.C., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 97, 229 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Hydroxy Estrone 1-N7-Guanine is an estrogen metabolite formed with DNA which can lead to the mutations that initiate breast, prostate, and other types of cancer. Estrogen-DNA depurinating adducts as biomarkers of cancer risk and their use in cancer detection and prevention.<br>References Chakravarti, D., et al.: Mutat. Res., 456, 17 (2000), Liehr, J., et al.: Endocr. Rev., 21, 4054 (2000), Chakravarti, D., et al.: Oncogene, 20, 7945 (2001), Cavalieri, E., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 1041 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications CRL-40,941 is a wakefulness-promoting agent. It was found to produce antiaggressive effects in animals.<br>References Lafon, L.: US4489095 (A) (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications (cas# 53188-20-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-cys(1)-calcitonin Salmon is a derivative of Calcitonin (salmon), is a 32-amino acid linear polypeptide hormone that is produced in thyroid in humans. It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH).<br>References Boron, WF., et al.: Med. Physi., A Cellular and Molecular Approach (2004); Andreotti, G. et al.: J. Bio. Chem., 281, 24193 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications The main basic metabolite of Diethylpropione.<br>References Banci, F., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 21, 1616 (1971), Mikhailova, D., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 13, 49 (1978),<br></p>

<p>Applications Betamethasone 6α-Bromo 17-Valerate is an impurity of Betamethasone (B327000), which is a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.<br>References Ferrante, M.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 6, 43 (1977), Li, A., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interact., 142, 7 (2002), Cruz-Monteagudo, M., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 40, 1030 (2005), Rothfuss, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 1313 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Synthetic thrombin inhibitor. Thrombin mutant anticoagulant antagonist. Antithrombotic.<br>References Dewanjee, M., et al.: J. Nucl. Med., 22, 981 (1981), Goodman, S., et al.: J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 45, 240 (1999), Carlsson, S., et al.: Thromb. Res., 115, 9 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications The 5-hydroxy analogue of the bronchodilator, Albuterol (A514500).<br></p>

<p>Applications A bronchodilator.<br>References Daly, J. W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 9(3), 273 (1966).<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Mifepristone (M343975).<br>References Ringler, I., et al.: Metabolism, 13, 37 (1964), Gagne, D., et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem., 25, 315 (1986), Jang, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 52, 753 (1996), Hild, S., et al.: Hum. Reprod., 15, 822 (2000), Gainer, E., et al.: Steroids, 68, 1005 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications β-Cembrenediol is an inhibitor of tumor promotion. Novel c-Met inhibitors which are used in anticancer treatments.<br>References Le-Huu, P. et al.: ChemCatChem., 8, 3755 (2016); Ebrahim, H. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 24, 5748 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Adapalene USP Related Compound B<br>Applications Adapalene intermediate, an ester of Adapalene. Adapalene USP Related Compound B.<br>References Charpentier, B., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 4993 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pipamazine is a drug od the phenothiazine class which used to be used as an antiemetic.<br>References Bhargava, K. et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol. Chemother., 22, 154 (1964); Bhargava, K. et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol. Chemother., 21, 436 (1963);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Diphenhydramine (D486900) in humans.<br>References Breyer-Pfaff, U., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 25, 340 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclofenil is a weak nonsteroidal estrogen with ovulation induction properties. Mammalian hormone.<br>References Miquel, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 774 (1963),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fulvestrant EP Impurity B<br>Applications A metabolite of Fulvestrant (F862500).<br>References Rao, P., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem., 25, 417 (1986), Wakeling, A., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 43, 173 (1992), DeFriend, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 408 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications Triterpenoid which can inhibit the proliferation of leukemia HL-60 cells.<br>References Cho, J., et al.: Pulmon. Pharmacol. Ther., 23, 190 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Saha, S., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 434 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Enzalutamide Carboxylic Acid is used as hormone therapies to prevent androgen-fuled growth of castrate-resistant prostate cancer.<br>References Tomasz, M.B., et al.: New Engl, J. Med., 424, 371 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of all-trans Retinoic acid (R250200).<br>References Idres, N., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 700 (2001), Taimi, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 279, 77 (2004), Vermot, J., et al.: Science, 308, 563 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Atorvastatin impurity. Atorvastatin Methyl Ester<br>References Graul, A., et al.: Drugs Future, 22, 956 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Olmesartan Medoxomil EP Impurity D<br>Applications Olmesartan medoxomil intermediate.<br>References Birkenhager, W., et al.: J. Hypertens, 17, 873 (1999), Whittaker, A., et al.: Br. J. Cardiol., 12, 125 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Irinotecan USP Related Compound E<br>Applications An anticancer drug, showed strong activity against various murine tumors. A Camptothecin (CPT) derivative as antineoplastic agent against drug-resistant tumors. Irinotecan USP Related Compound E.<br>References Brangi, M., et al.: Cancer Res., 59 5938 (1999), Miyake, K., et al.: Cancer Res., 59, 8 (1999) , Bom, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 43, 3970 (2000) , Gamcsik, M., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 1, 11 (2001).<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atorvastatin Pyrrolidone Analog (USP)<br>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications A photodegradation product of Atorvastatin (a cyclic impurity of Atorvastatin). Atorvastatin Pyrrolidone Analog (USP).<br>References Roger, D., et al.: Clin. Exp. Dermatol., 19, 88 (1994), Cosa, G., et al.: Photochem. Photobiol., 80, 159 (2004), Kerwin, B., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 96, 1468 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Mixed conjugate of dietary phytoestrogen.<br>References Adlercreutz, H;., et al.: J. Steroid Mol. Biol., 52, 97 (1995), Kinjo, J., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 185 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Elagolix Sodium is a novel uracil phenylethylamine that acts as potent human gonadotropin-​releasing hormone receptor (hGnRH-​R) antagonist.<br>References Chen, C. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 7478 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications A tobacco smoke-derived nitrosamine which is activated by multiple human cytochrome P 450s including the polymorphic human cytochrome P 4502D6.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Castonguay, A., et al.: Cancer Lett., 46, 93 (1989), Crespi, C.L., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 12, 1197 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluconazole EP Impurity D<br>Applications 2-Desfluoro Fluconazole (Fluconazole EP Impurity D) is an impurity of the antifungal agent Fluconazole (F421000).<br>References Ramesh, B. et al.: J. Pharm. Res., 4, 1401 (2011); Al-Rimawi, F.: Jor. J. Chem., 4, 357 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications A protected metabolite of the fluorinated quinolone antibacterial Ciprofloxacin.<br></p>

<p>Stability Form Trimer in solution<br>Applications 2-Fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic Acid is a synthetic reagent used in the preparation of alkylene-bridged [(3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazinyl) or (piperidinyl)(biphenyl-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinyl](tert-butoxy)acetic acid derivatives as HIV integrase inhibitors for treating HIV infection.<br>References Naidu, N., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014028384 A1 20140220;<br></p>

<p>Applications Decapeptide LH-RH antagonist. Used in treatment of infertility.<br>References Strickley, R.G., et al.: Pharm. Res., 7, 530 (1990), Jung, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 3942 (1992), Rabinovici, J., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 75, 1220 (1992), Devroey, P., et al.: Hum. Reprod., 13, 3023 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cetirizine EP Impurity G Dihydrochloride<br>Applications 4-(p-Chloro-α-phenylbenzyl)-1-piperazineethanol is used in the synthesis of antifungal triazole and imidazole derivatives. Impurity of an intermediate in the formation of Cetrizine.<br>References Rezaei, Z. et al.: Archiv. Pharm., 344, 658 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Gypsogenic Acid, a triterpenoid saponin of the Caryophyllaceae family, is shown to be a promising antiplaque and anticaries agent.<br>References Boettger, S., et al.: Phytochemistry Lett., 4, 59 (2011); Cunha, L.C.S., et al.: Z. Naturforschung C.: J. Bioscience., 62, 668 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Amphotericin B Methyl Ester is the methyl ester derivative of the polyene antibiotic Amphotericin B (A634250). Amphotericin B Methyl Esterin is a cholesterol binding compound that showed inhibiton of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).<br>References Waheed, A.A. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 28699 (2006); Waheed, A. et al.: J. Virol., 82, 9776 (2008); Waheed, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 28699 (2006)<br></p>