Toxicology

Applications ((2S,3S,4R,5S)-4-Fluoro-3-hydroxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl Benzoate is an impurity of antiviral drug Clevudine (C574150), which is used for the treatment of Hepatitis B.
References Kwon, S., et al.: J. Virol., 84, 4494 (2010); Daga, P., et al.: Protein Sci., 19, 796 (2010);

Impurity Tenofovir Impurity
Stability Light Sensitive
Applications An impurity of Tenofovir (T018500). Tenofovir is an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is used as an anti-HIV agent.
References Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007);

Applications 1-Chloro-1-desmethylpiperazinyl-bosutinib is a useful intermediate in the green preparation of the anti-tumor agent Bosutinib (B676095). It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Mao, Y., et al.: Synthesis, 47, 3133 (2015); Chen, H., et al.: Zhongguo Yiyao Gongye Zazhi, 44, 1086 (2013); Yin, X. J., et al.: Molecules, 4261 (2010)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Desfuroyl Ceftiofur Dimer is an impurity of the drug Ceftiofur (C244695), a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic used in veterinary medicine.
References Donaldson, S.C. et al.: Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72, 3940 (2006); Yancey, R.J. et al.: Am. J. Vet. Res., 48, 1050 (1987);

Applications Indoxacarb is an oxadiazine pesticide that acts against lepidopteran larvae and is the active ingredient in a number of household insecticides including cockroach baits.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wang, H., et al.: Water. Sci. Technol., 61, 2733 (2010); Shono, T., et al.: Pesticide. Biochem. Physiol., 75, 1 (2003);

Applications Labelled Ursodeoxycholic Acid (U850000) derivative. 24-norUrsodeoxycholic acid is superior to Ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2 (Abcb4) knockout mice.
References Seedorf, U., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 21277 (1994), Stolowich, N., et al.: Biochemistry, 36, 1719 (1997),

Applications A leukotriene D4 antagonist. Used as an antiallergic, antiasthmatic, and vasodilator (cerebral). PDE inhibitor (non-selective).
References Nishino, K., et al.: Japan J. Pharmacol., 33, 267 (1983), Ohashi, M., et al.: Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn., 280, 216 (1986), Armstead, W.M., et al.: J. Pharmacol., Exp. Ther., 244, 138 (1988),

Applications Azadiradione is an extract from Neem (Azadirachta indica) plant and may contain antifungal properties. It has also been shown to restore protein quality control and ameliorate disease pathogenesis in Huntington’s disease.
References Singh, T. et al.: Am. J. PharmTech. Res., 6, 323 (2016); Singh, B. et al.: Mol. Neurobiol., 55, 6337 (2018);

Applications A prototypical BCRP inhibitor. Inhibits the Bcrp1-mediated transport.
References Neville, K., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 10, 2525 (2004), Reardon, D., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol. 23, 9359 (2005), Pan, G., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 1165 (2007),

Applications Cholesterol-d6 has been used in safe procedures to measure the percentage of cholesterol absorption, based on that of D. B. Zilversmit (1972), by using Cholesterol-d6 as a stable nonradioactive isotopic tracer of cholesterol that was administered orally into normal individuals to facilitate clinical investigation.
References Bosner, Matthew S., Journal of Lipid Research, 34, 1047-53, (1993)

Applications O-Desmethyl Methylphenidate Carboxylic Acid is a derivative of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride (M325880), controlled substance (stimulant). CNS stimulant. Methylphenidate Carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is a 4:1 Mixture of R533105 (DL-erythro Ritalinic Acid Hydrochloride) and R533110 (DL-threo-Ritalinic Acid Hydrochloride)
References Greenblatt, E.N., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 131, 115 (1961), Padmanabhan, G.R., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 473 (1981), Srinivas, N.R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 14 (1993),

Applications Prostanozol (P838700) derivative.

Applications A metabolite of Varenicline. Metabolite M5.
References Dow, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 22, 738 (1994), Toide, K., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 67, 1269 (2004), Coe, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 3474 (2005), Doll, R., et al.: Br. J. Cancer, 92, 426 (2005),

Applications A metabolite of Eplerenone. Used in combination therapy for treatment of cardiovascular disorders.
References Staessen, J., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 91, 457 (1981), de Gasparo, M., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 240, 650 (1987), MacFadyen, R., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 35, 30 (1997),

Applications Chloroethylnitrosourea derivative with antitumor activity. Similar to carmustine, chlorozotocin, nimustine, ranimustine. Antineoplastic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Johnston, T.P., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 9, 892 (1966), Oliverio, V.T., et al.: Cancer Res., 30, 1330 (1970), Thompson, G.R., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 21, 405 (1972), Al-Shammary, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 315 (1990),

Applications CMPD101 is a potent and selective GRK2/3 inhibitor.
References Lowe, J.D., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 88, 347 (2015); Ikeda, S., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. WO 2007034846 A1 20070329. Mar 29, 2007

Applications 5R,6R-Benzylpenicilloate Disodium Salt is a derivative of Benzyl Penicillinate Potassium Salt (B288601), which is an antibiotic substance produced by Penicillium sp. Antibacterial.
References Fleming, A., et al.: Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 10, 226 (1929), Clutterbuck, P.W., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 26, 1907 (1932), Chain, E., et al.: Lancet, 2, 226 (1940),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications (±)-Mevalonolactone-4,4,5,5-d4 (CAS# 349553-98-6) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Applications Mucochloric Acid is an intermediate product of the herbicide Burex that can cause poisioning and skin damage upon exposure. Mucochloric Acid is also a chlorine disinfection byproduct in drinking water with mutagenic activity.
References Kolesar, D. et al.: Bratsilav. Lek. Listy, 64, 132 (1978); Romancik, V.E.: Ces.-Slov. Hyd., 21, 319 (1976); Jansson, K. et al.: Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 25, 284 (1995);

Applications 1-Oxo Fexofenadine Methyl Ester, is an intermediate in the preparation of Fexofenadine (F322470). It can also be used for the synthesis of an oxidation metabolite of Terfenadine (T114500),a H1-receptor antagonist.
References Garteiz, D.A., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 32, 1185 (1982), Rampe, D., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 44, 1240 (1993), Obradovic, T., et al.: Pharm. Res., 24, 318 (2007); Kawai, S., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 59, 2620 (1994);

Applications A new Olanzapine pamoate formulation of a second-generation antipsychotic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Davis, J., et al.: Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 60, 553 (2003), Kahn, R., et al.: Lancet, 371, 1085 (2008), Lauriello, J., et al.: J. Clin. Psychiatry, 69, 790 (2008),

Applications Hopantenate Calcium-d6 is labeled analogue of Hopantenate Calcium (H669565), which is a central nervous system drug. In its calcium salt form, it used to be used for a variety of neurological, psychological and psychiatric conditions in Russia. Hopantenic Acid is also the amide of D-pantoate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
References Kopelevich, V.M., et al.: Pharm. Chem. J., 5, 534 (1971)