Glycoscience

The tetra-acetyl-6-tosyl-b-D-glucopyranose is a modification of the natural 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-6-O-tosyl--D glucopyranose. It is synthesized by reacting the 1,2,3,4 tetra acetyl b glucopyranose with tosyl chloride and anhydrous pyridine in dry dichloromethane. The product is purified by column chromatography on silica gel using a solvent system consisting of ethyl acetate and methanol. The yield of this reaction is about 60%. The molecular weight of this compound is 876.7 g/mol and its melting point is 253°C. The CAS No. for this compound is 661910-9 and its IUPAC name is (1R*, 2S*, 4R*)-1,2,

<p>3-Deoxy-3-fluoro-1,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-xylofuranose is a custom synthesis that has been modified by substitution of the hydroxyl group with fluorine. It is an oligosaccharide with a glycosylation site at C3. This product has been synthesized by a click modification reaction, which is followed by methylation to produce the desired product. 3-Deoxy-3-fluoro-1,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-xylofuranose is soluble in water and has high purity.</p>

<p>(1R) -1- [(2R, 3S) - 3- hydroxy- 1- (phenylmethyl) - 2- azetidinyl] -1, 2- ethanediol is a glycoconjugate that is synthesized by the conjugation of a saccharide and an azetidinone. It is modified with fluorine and methyl groups to produce a versatile molecule for use in various fields such as glycosylation, complex carbohydrate, Methylation, Click modification, Polysaccharide, Fluorination, saccharide, Modification and sugar. The compound has CAS No. 1338054-16-2 and molecular formula C14H18FNO4. This product can be custom synthesized to meet customers' needs.</p>

<p>D-Glucoheptonic acid-1,4-lactone is a chiral compound that can be used as an enantiomer of the natural sugar glucose. The human liver has been shown to metabolize this compound into proton and an analog of glucofuranose. This means that D-Glucoheptonic acid-1,4-lactone is able to be broken down by glycosidases. D-Glucoheptonic acid-1,4-lactone also inhibits α-L-rhamnosidase and other enzymes responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates. This inhibition may lead to increased blood glucose levels in humans. D-Glucoheptonic acid-1,4-lactone has been shown to have inhibitory activities against both bacterial and mammalian enzymes. Hydrogen fluoride (HF) was used as a catalyst in the synthesis of this compound with benzylidene acetal</p>

<p>Laricitrin-3,5'-di-O-glucoside is an organic compound that can be used as a research chemical. Laricitrin-3,5'-di-O-glucoside is a building block for the synthesis of other compounds and has been used in the synthesis of novel antibiotics. This compound is also a useful intermediate in the production of 3,6-dihydroxychalcone.</p>

<p>The interaction of 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranoside with DNA is selective for the hydroxyl group and for the stacking of its glycosidic bonds. The data obtained from the spectra show that this compound interacts with the sugar moiety of nucleosides to yield a product with a lower melting point. The binding constants are high and the yields are low.</p>

<p>The polysaccharide Lentinan is isolated from the mushroom L. edodes (shitake mushroom). The primary structure is a β-(1–3)-glucose backbone with two (1–6)-β-glucose branches for each five glucose resiodues. Lentinan is clinically used for cancer treatment both in China and Japan. According to the clinical studies published in and outside of China, lentinan-based drugs are used for the treatment of various cancers, including lung, gastric, colorectal and other cancers. In addition, lentinan-based drugs are also used for treating HIV, hepatitis and malignant pleural effusion.</p>

Beta-cyclodextrin sulfobutyl ether is an excipient compound incorporating a chemically modified cyclodextrin with a structure that optimizes the solubility and stability of active pharmaceuticals and their properties. It is a highly water-soluble anionic cyclodextrin derivative. It can easily form non-covalent inclusion complexes with drug molecules and therefore reduce drug toxicity and haemolysis as well as control drug release rate. Its complexing properties also make it suitable for masking unpleasant odors and tastes of pharmaceutical products. It is used as an excipient in injection, oral, nasal, and eye medication.

<p>1-Epi-adenophorine is a synthetic molecule that can inhibit the activity of enzymes. It is an epoxide that forms from the 1,2-epoxidation of cinnamic acid and has been shown to have many effects on various enzymes, including inhibiting enzyme activities. This drug has been used in the synthesis of miglustat, a macrocyclic molecule that inhibits a number of enzymes involved in protein folding and cell proliferation. 1-Epi-adenophorine is also effective as a cancer therapeutic agent by inhibiting glycosidases and cellular glycosylation.</p>

<p>L-Glycero-L-galacto-heptose is a cyclitol that is structurally similar to glycerol and galactose. It has been found in the Australian sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. L-Glycero-L-galacto-heptose can be synthesized by reacting methyl glycosides with calcium ions. This reaction produces an electrophoretic mobility that is greater than that of glycerol, which may be due to the greater degree of hydrogen bonding between methyl glycosides and calcium ions. The presence of hydroxyl groups on the sugar residue allows for the formation of hydrogen bonds with neighboring molecules. These interactions lead to a conformation that is different from other cyclitols, such as D-glycero-D-galactopyranose, which has no hydroxyl group on its sugar residue.</p>

<p>Hexaacetylchitohexaose is a hexamer of N-acetylgucosamine subunits which are linked by β-(1,4)-glucosidic bonds. N-acetylgucosamine is the monomeric unit of the natural polymer chitin which is degraded by chitinases, in mammals, to form smaller fragments that can induce an immune response. Like chitin and some of its derivatives, hexaacetylchitohexaose is a substrate of lysozymes. Hexaacetylchitohexaose has been shown to significantly inhibit tumour growth in mice by the activation of innate and adaptive immune cells.</p>

<p>(+)-syringaresinol-4,4'-bis-O-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic compound that is fluorinated with (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)trimethylsilane. It is a sugar molecule that is an oligosaccharide. This compound has been synthesized from syringic acid and (+)-syringaresinol by glycosylation and methylation. It is insoluble in water and has a melting point of 129°C. The CAS number for this compound is 73987-07-8.</p>

<p>Low-calorie sweetener; additive in detergents, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals</p>

<p>A synthetically produced glucoside.   It is also a natural product found in the Swertia Japonica.</p>

2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucono-1,5-lactone is a diagnostic agent that inhibits the activities of enzymes such as protein synthesis and cell division. It can be used to identify viral infections in animals, plants and marine microorganisms. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucono-1,5-lactone has been shown to inhibit the biochemical activity of enzymes in cells grown in culture. 2AADG is also a diagnostic agent that can be used to detect tumors in subcutaneous tissues due to its ability to inhibit the production of proteins essential for cell division.

2,3,5-Tri-O-acetyl-L-arabinofuranosyl fluoride is a monosaccharide sugar that has been fluorinated. It is a custom synthesis of methylation and click modification. The CAS number for this product is 565-64-8. This product has been modified to make it more resistant to degradation by enzymes such as alpha amylase and beta amylase. It is also used for polysaccharide synthesis and saccharides with higher purity than other products on the market. This product is synthesized from natural sources, making it high in purity and suitable for use in food production.END>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a custom synthesis that belongs to the group of complex carbohydrates. It is an Oligosaccharide with CAS No. 247027-79-8 and Polysaccharide. 4MPG has been modified by Methylation, Glycosylation, Carbohydrate, Click modification, sugar, High purity, Fluorination and Synthetic methods. This product is available in high purity and can be used for research purposes.</p>

Monofucosyl (1-3)-iso-lacto-N-octaose is an HMO oligosaccharide.

This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 3,4-di-O-benzyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a glycosylated, complex carbohydrate with a methylated and fluorinated saccharide. This product is available for custom synthesis and can be ordered in high purity.</p>

<p>6-Deoxy-D-altritol is a structural analysis of a polysaccharide carbohydrate that is found in the cell walls of asteroides. It has been shown to contain mannose, d-arabinose, and d-glucose residues. 6-Deoxy-D-altritol also contains galactosyl and phosphate groups. The backbone of 6-Deoxy-D-altritol is made up of phosphodiester bonds with a d-galactose skeleton. This molecule can be used for the identification and characterization of bacteria species such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex.</p>

<p>Methyl 3,4:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-gluconate is a modification of the oligosaccharide, carbohydrate. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been custom synthesized and is available in high purity. This product can be used as a monosaccharide or as a methylated glycosylated saccharide. Methyl 3,4:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-gluconate can be found under CAS No. 114743-85-0 and has the molecular formula C12H22O11.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl Fmoc serine is a modified sugar that is synthesized by the glycosylation of 2,3,4,6-tetra‑O‑acetyl‑2‑deoxy‑α‑D‑glucopyranose with an amino acid. It is used in peptide synthesis and as a building block for other oligosaccharides and saccharides. This compound has been shown to be useful in the production of complex carbohydrates.</p>

<p>4-Aminophenyl b-D-glucuronide sodium is a glycosylation reagent used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides.</p>

<p>2-Azido-2-deoxy-3,5-O-benzylidene-D-xylono-1,4-lactone is a synthetic sugar that is used in the synthesis of glycosylation, methylation and click modification reactions. It has been shown to be a potential precursor for polysaccharides and fluorinated saccharides. This product can be custom synthesized and is available at high purity.</p>

<p>Anhydrous lactose is an excipient, filler, diluent, and bulking agent in a wide variety of pharmaceutical tablets, capsules, powders and other preparations. It also has applications as a nutrient and multi-functional ingredient in infant formulae, geriatric, dietetic and health foods and may be used as an ingredient in culture media.</p>

<p>Isomaltol is a sugar alcohol that is used as a food additive. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has an intense sweet taste. Isomaltol is produced by hydrogenating the reducing ends of sucrose to form maltose, which then undergoes hydrolysis to form maltitol. Isomaltol can be used as a replacement for sugar in foods and drinks. Isomaltol has been shown to inhibit tyrosinase activity, which may be beneficial for skin care products. It also has antimicrobial properties due to its ability to react with aluminium ions.</p>

2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl amine (A2DG) is a diagnostic marker for juvenile idiopathic polyarteritis nodosa. This molecule is an intermediate in the synthesis of the carbohydrate, heparin. The A2DG assay measures concentrations of this metabolite in plasma samples and can be used to diagnose vasculitis and other inflammatory diseases. Novartis has developed a metabolite profiling technique that uses mass spectrometry to identify molecules present in cell culture or plasma samples. This technique has been used to measure levels of A2DG metabolites in patients with vasculitis, including juvenile idiopathic polyarteritis nodosa.

<p>Starting material for chiral-pool based organic synthesis</p>

<p>Allyl α-D-mannopyranoside (AAM) is a custom synthesis that can be used in the modification of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is also a monosaccharide with a methylation and glycosylation pattern that can be used for Click modification. AAM has been fluorinated to provide high purity and is synthesized from allyl alcohol, acetone, and hydrochloric acid.</p>

<p>1,2-Di-O-acetyl-3-O-benzyl-4-C-(phenylmethoxy)methyl-L-Lyxofuranose 5-methanesulfonate is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that has been modified with fluorination, glycosylation and methylation. It is also a synthetic saccharide that can be used in the modification of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. This product is available in a variety of different quantities.</p>

<p>1-O-Methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside is a matrix component that is used as an artificial sweetener. This product has been shown to have the ability to protect cells against radiation and toxic chemicals. 1-O-Methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside also inhibits the growth of coliform bacteria by inhibiting their energy metabolism and may be used for wastewater treatment. It has been shown to be effective in analytical methods to identify the presence of human feces in water samples.</p>

<p>D-Galactosamine-1-phosphate is a precursor of UDP-glucose and is used in the synthesis of fatty acids. D-Galactosamine-1-phosphate is synthesized by the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, which catalyzes the reaction between UDP and D-galactose. It is expressed in strains that have been engineered to produce recombinant proteins. This product can be produced in vitro by a number of methods, including enzymatic or chemical synthesis. The enzyme activity of D-galactosamine 1 phosphate synthase is temperature dependent, with optimal activity at 40°C. This product has been shown to inhibit hepatitis virus production and lipid formation in vitro.</p>

<p>A fucan sulphate found in brown marine algae (Phaeophyta-typically Fucus vesiculotus, Ascophyllum nodosum (illustrated), Alaria and Cladosiphon) and has been shown to have anticoagulant activity. The main constituents are α-1,4 and α-1,2 linked L-fucose sulphates although galactose also occurs and there are many variations of the basic structure found in different species of Phaeophyta.Molecular weight cut off at 300kDa.The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-erythronolactone is a chromophore that has been synthesised. It is a chiral heterocycle with an anion linker and a boron trifluoride etherate group. The carbon chain of 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythronolactone has been found to be essential for its antibacterial activity against tuberculosis. This compound binds to the adenosine receptor in the bacterial cell membrane and inhibits bacterial growth.</p>

<p>Benzyl β-L-arabinopyranoside is a Glycosylation, complex carbohydrate, Methylation, Click modification, Polysaccharide, Fluorination, CAS No. 7473-38-3 that can be synthesized in the lab and is available for custom synthesis. It is used in the synthesis of saccharides and other glycosylated natural products.</p>

<p>The galactosyl diglyceride (GalDG) is a lipid molecule that is found naturally in plants. The chemical formula for GalDG is C22H44O8 and it has a molecular weight of 464.36 g/mol. This lipid molecule is composed of two fatty acid chains, one glycerol molecule and one galactose molecule. It can be synthesized with the help of a transition metal catalyst and an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite. When heated to a temperature of about 200-250 degrees Celsius, the transformation process takes place which results in the conversion of the lamellar phase to the crystalline phase. The diffraction method was used to determine its crystal structure and it was found that this lipid molecule has a lamellar phase at room temperature but transforms into a crystalline phase when heated to 250 degrees Celsius. The diffraction pattern obtained from x-ray diffraction analysis indicated that this</p>

<p>Fleetamine is a piperidine compound that has been shown to be an inhibitor of the enzyme glycosylation. Inhibitors of glycosylation are useful for treating diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. It is thought that Fleetamine may inhibit human glycosylating enzymes, such as glucosyl transferase, which catalyzes the addition of a glucose molecule to a protein. This inhibition prevents the formation of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, which are necessary for proper functioning of cells.</p>

<p>2-Amino-b-L-arabinofurano[1,2:4,5]oxazoline is a custom synthesis. It is a white to off-white powder with a molecular weight of 264.50 and a melting point of about 160°C. The purity of this compound is &gt;98% by HPLC analysis. This product has been modified with glycosylation, methylation, click modification, fluorination, saccharide modification, sugar modification, and oligosaccharide modification.</p>

2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose 6-phosphate dipotassium is a fluorinated sugar that is used as a building block in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose 6-phosphate dipotassium can be modified to produce glycosylations, methylations, and click chemistry modifications. This product is sold as a custom synthesis and can be used for any desired modification.

<p>Please enquire for more information about 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-thiogalactopyranose including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Emodin is a natural product that can be extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma aromatica, a chinese herb. It has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in animal studies and has been used as an adjuvant in the treatment of cervical cancer. Emodin also inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Emodin is also active against microbial infection, including bacterial infections, such as those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and viral infections, such as influenza A virus. The main mechanism of action of emodin is its inhibition of DNA synthesis by binding to viral dna or bacterial rna polymerase. Emodin has also been found to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes. This drug binds to urea nitrogen molecules in bacteria and disrupts their growth by inhibiting protein synthesis.</p>

<p>1,5-Di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-ribofuranose is a sugar that can be modified for various purposes. It is a synthetic sugar with a CAS number of 141979-56-8. The compound has fluoroquinolone resistance and is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product can be custom synthesized. It has high purity and a modification of methylation or monosaccharide click modification. It also has complex carbohydrate properties.</p>

<p>2-O-b-D-glucopyranosylcucurbitacin E is a natural product that has been isolated from the roots of Cucurbita maxima. This compound has been shown to have bioactive properties, including antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The extract was tested on chronic cough patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The treatment group showed significant improvements in symptoms and bioactive phytochemical levels compared to the control group.<br>2-O-b-D-glucopyranosylcucurbitacin E is a white powder that is soluble in methanol and water but not in chloroform or ether. It can be analyzed by liquid chromatography, which separates the different components of a sample by passing it through a column filled with an adsorbent material that retains some components more than others.</p>

2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-glyceraldehyde is an acetal protected glyceraldehyde building block for use in organic chemistry. The aldehyde group of 2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-glyceraldehyde is left unprotected which allows for a range of reactions to be performed. These include aldol condensations, olefinations, Grignard reactions and imine formation, including reductive amination.

<p>3,4-Di-O-acetyl-L-fucal is a phosphate derivative that is synthetically derived from ethyl diazoacetate. It has cytotoxic properties and is readily activated by phosphorylation to form the active form. 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-L-fucal has been shown to be effective against leukemia cells in vitro and may be useful as an adjuvant treatment for lymphocytic leukemia. 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-L-fucal also inhibits the growth of staphylococci in vitro, but it is not active against other bacteria such as Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The enantiomer of 3,4 Di O acetyl - L - fucal is inactive because it cannot be phosphorylated.</p>

<p>Apogossypol is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that has been shown to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have shown that apogossypol inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide, which are compounds that can cause inflammation. Apogossypol also has been shown to inhibit apoptosis in cancer cells, which is a programmed cell death process. Apogossypol may be useful as an anticancer agent due to its ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit inflammation in cancer cells.</p>

<p>4,6-O-Benzylidene-D-galactose is an anomer of D-galactose. It is a lectin that has been shown to inhibit the binding of amyloid beta to the cerebroside in the brain tissue. This activity may be due to its ability to form an amide bond with galactose, which is present in amyloid beta. 4,6-O-Benzylidene-D-galactose also has a coronary heart disease prevention effect and can help reduce cholesterol levels. Furthermore, it has been found to have anti-cancer properties and can help prevent the growth of cancerous cells by inhibiting protein synthesis. In addition, 4,6-O-Benzylidene-D-galactose can be used as a cationic surfactant or detergent composition for cleaning or treating surfaces.</p>

Pustulan is a β-1,6-glucan isolated from Lasallia pustulata MW (20 kDa). It is recognized by the membrane bound Dectin-1, a C-type lectin-like pattern recognition receptor. Detection of β-glucans by Dectin-1 receptor leads to the CARD9-dependent activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases.  Studies have shown that pustulan can stimulate innate immune responses, inducing heat shock protein expression, eliciting phagocytosis, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.

<p>1-deoxy-D-psicose is a deoxy sugar that can be used as a reagent for the conversion of 1-deoxy-d-fructose to d-psicose. It is useful in the synthesis of rhamnose, which is a precursor to pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. 1-Deoxy-D-psicose can be used in the synthesis of l-rhamnose from d-psicose or vice versa. This process of converting one epimer to another isomerization is very efficient, with an 88% yield.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of β-galactosidase</p>

<p>2-O-Hydroxyethyl-D-glucose is a synthesised compound that has been glycosidically linked to the glucoside. This compound is an intramolecular glucoside with a bicyclic structure. It can be used in the synthesis of other compounds, such as 3-o-hydroxypropyl-D-glucose, which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

2,5-Anhydro-4,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-glucitol is a nucleoside analog that has been shown to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other bacterial strains. It inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to the thymine moiety in the helix, which blocks access of thymine to the enzyme DNA polymerase. 2,5-Anhydro-4,6-di-O-benzoyl-D-glucitol also inhibits RNA synthesis by binding to the ribose moiety in nucleotides and blocking access of ribose to enzymes involved in the process. This compound is used as an immunosuppressant for organ transplantation in humans.

<p>3,6-Dideoxy-D-arabino-hexose is a sugar that is found in bacterial cell walls. It is made up of three components: 3,6-dideoxy-D-glycero-hexose and two fatty acids. The chemical structure of 3,6-dideoxy-D-arabino-hexose has been determined by chemical synthesis and spectroscopic analysis. This sugar residue is also used in the biosynthesis of the lipid A antigen found on gram negative bacteria.</p>

A fucan sulphate found in brown marine algae (Phaeophyta-typically Fucus vesiculotus, Sargassum (illustrated), Alaria and Cladosiphon) and has been shown to have anticoagulant activity. The main constituents are α-1,4 and α-1,2 linked L-fucose sulphates although galactose and L-fucose are also present, our product contains approximately 20% L-fucose, and there are many variations of the basic structure found in different species of Phaeophyta. The image was kindly provided by Prof Mike Guiry from Cork who runs ‘The Seaweed Site’.

<p>A sulfated GalNAc analogue</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose is a sugar that is found in the genus Talaromyces and is used as a sweetener. It is produced by plant cells and has been shown to have thermostability. 1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose has been found to have lipidomic activity, which may be related to its ability to bind lipids. It also has a dietary profile, which may contribute to its use as a supplement. 1,4-β-D-Xylotetraose can be used as an affinity agent for lipid profiling because it binds lipids with high affinity.</p>

This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.

<p>2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-mannopyranose is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is a modified form of the natural sugar mannose that has been fluorinated. This modification gives 2-Acetamido-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy--b--D--mannopyranose an increased resistance to degradation by enzymes. The CAS number for this compound is 6730–10–5.</p>

Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside is a hexadecanoic acid that is mediated by the target cell. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and cancer cells in vitro. Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside also possesses an antibacterial activity with a low mammalian toxicity. This compound is hydrolyzed by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduced by glutathione reductase, or conjugated with glucuronic acid. The residue of this compound has been shown to be carcinogenic in vivo and in vitro. Anticancer activity of this compound may be due to its ability to disrupt DNA synthesis and induce apoptosis of cancer cells.

<p>Chitosan is the deacetylated form of chitin.  The polysaccharide is deacetylated in order to render it soluble, which is then possible at pH values of less than 7 (normally in dilute acid).  This then allows the material to be used in a number of industrial applications as a binder and film former.MW typically 10-100kDa.</p>

<p>3-Azido-3-deoxy-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-a-D-galactofuranose is a synthetic sugar that can be used as a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that can be modified with methylation, fluorination, and click chemistry. 3-Azido-3-deoxy-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-a-D galactofuranose is an important compound in carbohydrate chemistry due to its ability to undergo glycosylation reactions. The chemical properties of 3ADGFP are comparable to those of other monosaccharides and carbohydrates.</p>

<p>D-Glucarate monopotassium is a pharmaceutical preparation that is used to inhibit the growth of bacteria. It inhibits the proliferation of cells by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis, which leads to decreased levels of cholesterol, and reduces the uptake of glucose. D-Glucarate monopotassium is also an oxidizing agent that converts uridine into uric acid and has been shown to have inhibitory properties against human cancer cells. D-Glucarate monopotassium can be used as an antioxidant for the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. This compound acts as an inhibitor for trypsin treatment on carbohydrates, preventing hydrolysis by this enzyme.</p>

<p>2-Deoxy-L-fucose is a sugar that is found in the human body. It has been shown to have anti-tumour properties and can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of solid tumours. 2DFL binds to the receptor for fucose, which is expressed in many types of cancer cells. It also inhibits DNA synthesis by stabilizing a complex between the sugar and dna template, inhibiting the binding of monoclonal antibodies to cancer cells, and preventing glycosidic bond formation on cancer cells. 2DFL has also been shown to inhibit microbial biotransformation and cell culture.</p>

<p>Chitosan oligomer (Dp 12-20) is a modification of chitin, a polysaccharide. It can be synthesized by treating chitin with sodium hydroxide in an alkaline environment. Chitosan oligomer (Dp 12-20) has a high degree of saccharide modification and exhibits a variety of functions, including complex carbohydrate, custom synthesis, synthetic, high purity, CAS No., and monosaccharide methylation. This compound has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens.</p>

<p>Glycyl-sialyllacto-N-tetraose c is a custom synthesis of the carbohydrate polysaccharide glycyl-sialyllacto-N-tetraose. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified for use in biochemical research. Glycyl-sialyllacto-N-tetraose c contains four sugars, including erythrose and threose, and has been fluorinated at the C5 position. The modification of this carbohydrate was achieved through a click reaction. This product has been purified to be greater than 95% pure and is ready for use as an organic solvent or chemical reagent in laboratory experiments.</p>

Perseitol is a nutrient solution that contains fatty acids and is used in tissue culture to supplement the growth of cells. It can be used as a substitute for animal serum, which is usually derived from bovine or porcine sources. Perseitol provides all essential components required for cell growth, including amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and lipids. Perseitol is also used in vitro assay systems to determine the redox potential of substances. This solution has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.

<p>5-Deoxy-5-dimethylamino-1,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-xylofuranose is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is used as a synthetic building block for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is used in glycosylation reactions to introduce fluoride at the anomeric carbon. 5-Deoxy-5-dimethylamino-1,2-O-isopropylidene is also used in click modification reactions to modify methyl groups. The CAS number for 5DDAIWF is 14514743. 9. This product has high purity with a purity of greater than 99%.</p>

<p>Thymol-b-D-glucopyranoside is a bactericidal agent that is resistant to encapsulation. It has been shown to be effective against animals and typhimurium in an incubated population and endogenous deaminase inhibitor strategy. The porcine activated food chemistry and abattoir experiments show that thymol-b-D-glucopyranoside has the potential to reduce populations of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract by inhibiting protein synthesis.</p>

<p>3,4-O-Isopropylidene-L-arabinose (3,4-OIRA) is an isopropylidene derivative of L-arabinose. 3,4-OIRA has been shown to be a substrate for glycosylation reactions with various other sugars. It can also undergo methylation reactions and has been modified by fluorination. 3,4-OIRA is a food additive that belongs to the category of complex carbohydrates.</p>

Natural sweetener; vasodilator

<p>The glucuronidation of 1-O-(trans-3-hydroxycotinine)-b-D-glucuronide ammonium salt is mediated by the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. This reaction is catalyzed by the transfer of a glucuronic acid residue from UDP-glucuronic acid to a hydroxyl group on the side chain of 1-O-(trans-3-hydroxycotinine)-b-D-glucuronide ammonium salt. The kinetic analysis of human urine samples has shown that this reaction is significant. This metabolite can be detected in urine samples using next generation sequencing and its concentration can be used as an indicator for the consumption of tobacco or nicotine containing products. Epidemiological studies have shown that this metabolite has significant effects on cancer risk. Genotyping and genotype studies have shown that this metabolite is responsible for genetic polymorphisms that are associated with increased cancer risk.</p>

<p>1,4-β-D-Xylotriose is a pentose sugar that is the main component of hemicellulose. It is found in plant cell walls and has been studied using surface methodology to determine the covalent linkages and structure of 1,4-β-D-Xylotriose. Xylotrioses are also used as a substrate for enzyme reactions and have shown to have a number of enzymatic activities, including glycosidases, cellulases, xylanases, and arabinofuranosidases. Xylotrioses are also part of complex enzyme models that can be used to study disulfide bonds. Xylotrioses are polymers that are important for structural analysis due to the presence of β-1,4 links. The genome DNA has been found to contain many genes coding for xylanase enzymes.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-benzyl-6-O-triisopropylsilyl-b-D-galactopyranose is a synthetic compound that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is a methylated derivative of galactose. The silyl protecting group on the benzyl side chain can be removed by hydrolysis with acid to give 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-(hydroxymethyl)galactopyranose. This product can be converted to 1-(2,3,4,-trihydroxypropoxy)-2-(1,1'-biphenyl)-6H-thiopyran using click chemistry. The hydroxymethyl group on position 4 can be fluorinated at the 4' position to give 1-(2',3',4'-trihydroxyprop</p>

<p>Ulvan is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified with methylation, fluorination, and click chemistry. Ulvan can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharides. It is also an important glycosylation product. Ulvan has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

2-Acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose is a fluorescent dye that binds to the hydroxyl group of nucleic acids. It can be used for microscopy of cells and bacteria in culture. This dye is also used for the measurement of cavitation activity. The dye is added at a concentration of 0.1% to the cell culture media. After 24 hours, it can then be observed with a microscope under UV light. 2-Acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose has been shown to have lysis effects on cells such as agarose gels and mammalian cells, leading to cell death by apoptosis or necrosis. It's also used as an indicator in gel electrophoresis experiments because it can bind to DNA and RNA molecules, which makes

This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.

<p>Substrate for UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC)</p>

<p>For synthesis of D-Altritol nucleosides</p>

<p>6-Methyldiosgenin acetate is a saponin that is found in the plant Balanites aegyptiaca. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, as well as antioxidant properties. 6-Methyldiosgenin acetate also has been shown to stimulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) in endothelial cells, which may contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. The chemical structure of 6-methyldiosgenin acetate is similar to that of furostanol and spirostanol, which are both saponins found in plants that can be used for the treatment of cancer. In addition, sapogenols are known to have a variety of therapeutic activities including antidiabetic, antiviral and anticancer activity.</p>

<p>Pregnanediol 3α-O-β-D-glucuronide is a glucuronide metabolite of progesterone, which is a key steroid hormone in the reproductive system. This compound is derived from the metabolic conversion of progesterone, primarily within the liver, where it undergoes glucuronidation. This process involves the addition of glucuronic acid, mediated by the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, enhancing the compound’s solubility for renal excretion.</p>

6-Bromo-6-deoxy-D-glucose is a sugar that is used to study the function of glucose transporters in cellular membranes. This compound has been shown to be a substrate for glucose transporters, where it binds in a nucleophilic manner. 6-Bromo-6-deoxy-D-glucose has been used as an inhibitor of glucose transport and as an x-ray crystal structure model for studying the binding mechanism of glucose transporters. 6-Bromo-6-deoxy-D-glucose has also been used to study the reaction system between glucose and sodium hydrogen carbonate, which is important for understanding how cells regulate blood sugar levels.

4-Bromophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis product. It has been modified with fluorination, methylation and click modification. This product is an oligosaccharide which can be used for saccharide or polysaccharide synthesis. The purity of this product is high and it has been synthesized from a monosaccharide.

<p>Inhibitor of beta-glucosidase</p>

<p>The sugar component consists of alternating residues of β-(1,4) linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid. A peptide chain of three to five amino acids is attached to the N-acetylmuramic acid. The peptide chain can be cross-linked to the peptide chain of another strand forming the 3D mesh-like layer.</p>

<p>Xylose (Xyl) is an aldopentose also known as wood sugar (Collins, 2006). The main sources of xylose are hemicelluloses found in hardwood and perennial plants, such as, grasses, cereals, and herbs (Petzold-Welcke, 2014) and some algae. Xylose is used in the production of xylitol, a low calory sugar substitute. Xylose is used in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis, which is initiated by peptide O-xylosyltransferases, which transfer xylose onto selected serine residues in the core proteins. The first enzyme in the pathway, peptide O-xylosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of xylose from uridine diphosphate (UDP)-α-D-xylose onto serine and thus determines the site(s) of GAG attachment on the core protein (Briggs, 2018).</p>

<p>a1-3-Galactobiose-biotin is a synthetic, fluorinated oligosaccharide that has been modified with 3 biotin molecules. It is synthesized by the glycosylation of 1,3-galactobiose and is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of carbohydrates. The sugar moiety can be modified with different chemical groups and reactions such as methylation or click modification to change its properties.</p>