Glycoscience

<p>Emodin 1-glucoside is a natural anthraquinone glycoside that is produced by plants and has been shown to have cytotoxic effects against human cells. Emodin 1-glucoside inhibits the function of enzymes, such as glycosidases, phosphatases, and proteases. This compound is activated by calcium ions and has been shown to disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential. Emodin 1-glucoside also inhibits sugar residues and has shown significant cytotoxicity against cultured human cells at higher concentrations. It may be used as a medicine for the treatment of inflammation or cancer.</p>

<p>Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a methylated sugar used as an inhibitor of lectin-conjugate binding. It is commonly used in protein purification for eluting glycoproteins and other glycoconjugates from affinity chromatography columns of agarose lectin. In addition, Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside can be used in the mannosylation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for vaccine or drug delivery which targets Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) through mannose receptors. Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is also known as Methyl alpha-D-mannoside or alpha-Methyl-D-mannoside.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about a,a-D-Trehalose dihydrate including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Potent and specific inhibitor of α-mannosidase I. It is active against the Golgi isoform (GMI) of the enzyme and blocks carbohydrate branch elongation from immature to complex and hybrid N-glycans. Its anti-viral activity against HIV-1 is characterized by the alteration of N-glycan pattern and shift to high-mannose glycans on viral glycoprotein gp120, resulting in decreased infectivity of newly synthesized virions.</p>

2-Azido-1,6-di-O-acetyl-3,4-di-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranoside is a modification of the glucopyranoside sugar. It has been synthesized by methylating and glycosyling an oligosaccharide. The chemical composition of this compound is C14H14N2O7. This product is available in high purity and monosaccharide form.

<p>Phenyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido b-D-selenoglucopyranoside is a chemical compound that is used in the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides. It has been modified with the Click reaction to give it a reactive group. This modification can be used for glycosylation or for incorporation into polysaccharides such as starch. Phenyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy b -D selenoglucopyranoside is a high purity synthetic compound that is available in custom synthesis quantities.</p>

<p>N1-b-D-arabinopyranosylamino-guanidine HCl is a modified carbohydrate. It is a synthetic monosaccharide that is custom synthesized by methylation and glycosylation. This product has high purity and can be used for modification of saccharides or oligosaccharides to create new carbohydrates with desired properties.</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>Glucal is a carbohydrate that is used as a synthon in organic synthesis. It has been shown to be anomeric and can be synthesized by acetylation of the corresponding aldose, or by the glycosidic bond reaction with borohydride reduction. Glucal is not stable at high pH and can undergo ring-opening reactions with nucleophiles such as sodium borohydride. Glucal also reacts with glycoconjugates to form new molecules, which are called glycosidic products.</p>

<p>4,6-Dichloro-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose (4,6DDG) is a chlorinated sugar that is used as a precursor for the synthesis of glycosides. It has been shown to react with cellulose to form 4,6-dichloro-4,6-dideoxycellulose. Chlorination of 4,6DDG at the hydroxyl group leads to the formation of 4,6-dichloro-4,6-dideoxyhydroxyl chloride (4,6DDH). The chlorination process can be done in two ways: nonreducing and reducing. The nonreducing chlorination process occurs by reacting 4,6DDG with chlorine and dimethylformamide. The reducing chlorination process occurs by reacting 4,6DDG with hydrogen chloride and sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride. An excess of hydrogen chloride</p>

<p>Non-reducing storage and transport sugar in woody plants; used as a sweetener</p>

<p>Maltol is a polyhydric alcohol that is a natural product of plants. Maltol glucoside is an oligomer of maltol that is formed by the glycosylation of maltol with glucose. This compound has been used as a diagnostic agent to detect lymphocyte transformation and bound form in viruses. It has also been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth, which may be due to its ability to interact with complex enzyme systems. Maltol glucoside has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in humans, which may be due to its inhibition of inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX).</p>

<p>In water, hydroxypropyl cellulose forms liquid crystals with many mesophases depending on concentration. These mesophases include isotropic, anisotropic, nematic and cholesteric, the latter resulting in many colors such as violet, green and red. Pharmaceutical applications include treatments for medical conditions such as dry eye syndrome (keratoconjunctivitis sicca), recurrent corneal erosions, decreased corneal sensitivity, exposure and neuroparalytic keratitis. It is also used as a binder in tablets. Hydroxypropylcellulose is also used as a thickener, a binder and emulsion stabiliser in foods with E number E463.  HPC is used as a support matrix for DNA separations by capillary and microchip electrophoresis.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-3-O-benzyl-6-O-benzoyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate that can be used as a fluorescent probe. It has been used to study the glycosylation of proteins and saccharides, and also as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. The chemical structure of Methyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-3 -O -benzyl -6 -O -benzoyl -a -D -glucopyranoside is shown below:</p>

<p>Neo-inositol is a type of inositol that is not found naturally in the body, but can be synthesized. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and have a physiological effect on ovarian cells. Neo-inositol has also been shown to inhibit certain types of cancer cells by interfering with their ability to produce energy. Neo-inositol was also shown to increase levels of cytosolic Ca2+ in a model system, which may contribute to its cytotoxic effects.</p>

<p>Isomalto oligomers are a custom synthesis of polysaccharide oligosaccharides. These compounds are modified with methylation, glycosylation, and fluorination to create a high purity product that is free of undesirable contaminants. Isomalto oligomers (DP 4-8) are synthesized from sugars and can be used in the modification of saccharide chains during glycosylation reactions. This product also has the ability to produce click chemistry modifications.</p>

<p>Resource for the synthesis of 2-azido- and 2-deoxy-L-glucoses and 1,2-epoxides</p>

<p>Methyl a-L-fucopyranoside is a natural product that has been shown to have many biological effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by binding to the ribosome, preventing protein synthesis and cell division. The compound has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in mice with inflammatory bowel disease. Methyl a-L-fucopyranoside inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon alfa-2b (IFNα2β), which is induced by IFNγ. This inhibition of IFNα2β activity may be due to methyl a-L-fucopyranoside's ability to bind to cytosolic calcium and inhibit its transport into the nucleus. Methyl a-L-fucopyranoside also blocks the production of antimicrobial peptides, such as defensins or cathelicidins.</p>

<p>6-Deoxy-D-lactose is a custom synthesized, complex carbohydrate that is an Oligosaccharide. It is a polysaccharide with a CAS number of 52689-62-0. 6-Deoxy-D-lactose has been modified by methylation and glycosylation and can be used as a Modification of saccharides. 6-Deoxy-D-lactose has been fluorinated and it can be synthesized by Click modification of sugar or high purity. 6-Deoxy-D-lactose is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone.br&gt;<br>6 Deoxy Lactose (6DL) is an oligosaccharide that consists of one glucose molecule linked to one galactose molecule via alpha 1--&gt;4 glycosidic linkage. The chemical formula for 6DL is C 12 H 22 O 11 . 6DL</p>

<p>This beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivative is a functionalized cyclic oligosaccharide composed of seven glucose units, characterized by a hydrophilic exterior and a lipophilic cavity (bigger than α-CD and smaller than γ-CDs), which allows it to encapsulate various guest molecules. This structural feature facilitates its use in multiple applications, including pharmaceuticals, food enhancement, and cosmetics. In the pharmaceutical industry, it enhances the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs, improving their bioavailability and efficacy while also masking unpleasant tastes. The food sector utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, extending shelf life by protecting sensitive ingredients from degradation. In cosmetics, it serves as a complexing agent for fragrances and active components, ensuring their stability and controlled release. Its use expands to many other fields, including nanotechnology for drug delivery systems, environmental remediation for extracting organic pollutants, textiles for slow-release fragrances, and analytical chemistry for chiral separation.</p>

<p>Intermediate degradation product of lyso-GM3</p>

<p>1-Amino-2,4-O-benzylidene-D-butane-2,3,4-triol is a custom synthesis. This compound is an oligosaccharide that has been modified with methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. Carbohydrate molecules are saccharides that have a sugar as their backbone. Saccharides can be classified as monosaccharides (simple sugars) or polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates). This compound is a high purity synthetic that has been fluorinated and has undergone glycose chemistry to produce a desired product.</p>

<p>The acetylation of the 2-O-acetamido-1,6-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-4-O-(2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl)-2,3,4,5,6 tetra-, O-(2 acetamido 3,4,6 tri O acetyl) glucopyranoside in the presence of methyl iodide and potassium carbonate yields 2 O -Acetamido 1 6 di O acetyl 2 deoxy 4 0-(2 acetylamino 3 4 6 tri 0 acetyl) glucopyranoside methyl ester. The product is a modification of an oligosaccharide or complex carbohydrate.</p>

Blood group antigen with spacer arm

<p>Galacto-PUGNAc is an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate structure. It is synthesized from galactose and pyranose, which are sugars that belong to the group of carbohydrates. Galacto-PUGNAc is modified by methylation, glycosylation, and fluorination. The chemical modification of this compound provides it with high purity and fluorescence properties. Click chemistry is also used in its synthesis, which involves the use of reactive species that contain azides or alkyne groups. This modification increases the stability of the compound, making it a useful tool for molecular biology and biochemistry research.</p>

<p>Kojipentaose is a glycosidic oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the enzyme phosphorylase. It is an important nutrient for many organisms, including bacteria and fungi. Kojipentaose has been found to be synthesized from the terminal sugars of teichoic acids in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The stereoselectivity of the synthesis may be due to enzymatic activity or the availability of chiral substrates.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a glycosylation product of mannose with 4-methoxybenzoic acid. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified by methylation and click modification. The fluorination increases the reactivity of the hydroxyl groups on the sugar ring. This product can be synthesized in high purity and custom synthesis.</p>

<p>This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.</p>

<p>Adenosine-5'-b-D-galactopyranoside is a complex carbohydrate, which is a glycoconjugate consisting of an adenosine molecule linked to the sugar galactose by an alpha (1→4) glycosidic linkage. It is a methylated, fluorinated, and saccharide-modified analogue of adenosine monophosphate. Adenosine-5'-b-D-galactopyranoside is also known as 5'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-b-D-galactopyranoside or 3',5'-Diadenylic acid 5'-b-D-galactopyranoside. The compound can be custom synthesized in high purity with the desired modifications.</p>

<p>GD3 (shown as sodium salt) has a core disaccharide structure (Galβ1,4Glc) with two sialic acids linked α2,3/α2,8 to the non-reducing galactose residue and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). GD3 is a minor ganglioside in most normal tissues but plays a crucial role in the development of the brain; it is significantly reduced in adults. However, expression of GD3 is increased in pathological conditions, such as, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders (Malisan, 2002). GD3 was the first cancer-associated ganglioside discovered that promotes adhesion and invasion of cancers. GD3 and GD2 are highly expressed in a various malignant tumours and have become potential targets for next-generation cancer therapy (Liu, 2018).</p>

<p>1,2:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-3-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-a-D-allofuranose is a synthetic carbohydrate with a 5 carbon backbone. The methylation of the C1 and C2 carbon atoms is required to obtain this compound. It is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. This product can be custom synthesized on request and has a purity of 99%.</p>

D-Ribose-5-phosphate barium salt hexahydrate is a Modification, Oligosaccharide, Carbohydrate, complex carbohydrate. It is a Custom synthesis, Synthetic, High purity, Monosaccharide, Methylation, Glycosylation and Polysaccharide. D-Ribose-5-phosphate barium salt hexahydrate has CAS No. 15673-79-7 and Fluorination. It is an saccharide sugar.

<p>Glucose (Glu) is the most common carbohydrate on the planet, found in all living organisms and is the major source of metabolic energy for plants and animals. Glucose is a building block in numerous oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is present in blood and milk, in gangliosides and in N- and O-linked glycans (Collins, 2006). Glucose is wrongly called a simple sugar because in solution it exists in five forms: two six membered rings (α/β), two five membered rings (α/β) and a straight chain form, a system known as mutarotation (Robyt, 2012). The proportions of different glucose forms are dictated by temperature and pH. D-Glucose is optically active (dextrorotary) and L-Glucose is its enantiomer (Levorotary). Its hydroxyl groups are all equatorial, providing maximum stability, according to Hudsons rules (Hudson, 1948).</p>

<p>Myelin component; opioid receptor</p>

<p>One of the disaccharides produced during the acid reversion of D-mannose.  This mannobiose is the major repeating unit in the mannose chains of plant mannans, galacto- and gluco-mannans. It has been isolated from partial acid hydrolysates of ivory-nut (Phytelephas, macrocarpa) mannan, guaran (Cyamopsis sp.), palmyra palm (Borassus flabelliferer), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and lucerne (Medicago saliva) galactomannans.</p>

<p>1-Deoxytagatose is a fluorescent ketone that can be used as a chemical probe for the detection of protein synthesis. The fluorescence properties of 1-deoxytagatose are well suited for use as a marker in fluorometric assays and it has been used to measure ketone bodies in urine. The mechanism of 1-deoxytagatose is not fully understood, but it has been found to react with phosphate groups and form a phosphoric acid derivative.</p>

<p>Disaccharide is a carbohydrate with two simple sugars. It is soluble in water and has a density of 1.621 g/ml. Disaccharides are found in the tissues of many plants and animals, where they can be hydrolyzed by various enzymes to release monosaccharides. Disaccharides are also found in certain types of lichen and algae, where they are produced through photosynthesis. The most common disaccharides are sucrose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, and cellobiose. The simplest type of disaccharide is called a monosaccharide or sugar molecule. Monosaccarides have the same chemical formula but different physical forms that depend on their molecular mass (i.e., they may be a solid or liquid). Disaccharides can be classified as either sulfuric or organic solvent-soluble depending on whether they dissolve in sulfuric acid or an organic solvent such as ethanol or</p>

Gycosaminoglycan in many organs; joint lubricant and shock absorber

<p>2-Keto-L-gluonic acid hydrate, also called 2-oxo-gulonic acid hydrate, L-xylo-2-hexulosonic acid hydrate (2-KLG) and D-sorbosonic acid hydrate, is an important intermediate in the synthesis of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and can be produced by modified E. herbicola.</p>

<p>Ethyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a synthetically produced carbohydrate typically used as a building block in oligo-saccharide synthesis.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,6-dideoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide that is modified with fluorination. It is a saccharide, or carbohydrate, that has been methylated and glycosylated. The modification of this complex carbohydrate has been achieved through the use of the Click reaction. This product has been purified to high purity and is ready for use in research and development.</p>

<p>5-Deoxy-L-arabinose is a tetramethylurea derivative that has been synthesized for the treatment of hyperphenylalaninemia, an atypical form of phenylketonuria. It is an analog of 5-deoxy-l-ribose and can be used to generate molybdate from ammonium molybdate. This product also has antiviral activity and can be used to inhibit the growth of filamentous fungi, such as Verticillium dahliae. 5-Deoxy-L-arabinose can be used as a phase separator in chromatography. It is stereoselective and does not react with acid catalysts.</p>

2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-lyxonic acid-1,4-lactone (2,3-OIPDL) is a fluorinated polysaccharide that is synthesized from glycosylation of 1,4-lactone with 2,3-O-isopropylidene D-lyxonic acid. This compound has been shown to have high purity and is used in the modification of carbohydrates.

<p>L-Xylonic acid-1,4-lactone is an enzyme that functions as a glycolytic enzyme. It catalyzes the conversion of D-xylose to L-xylonic acid and L-xylonic acid-1,4-lactone. This enzyme is expressed in leukemia HL60 cells and is activated by acidic conditions. L-Xylonic acid-1,4-lactone has been shown to be catabolized by the enzyme xylanase. The kinetic properties of this reaction have been studied using mass spectrometric techniques and biochemical methods. The rate of the reaction was found to be dependent on the presence of divalent cations (Mg2+ or Ca2+) or monovalent ions (Na+ or K+). L-Xylonic acid 1,4 lactone also catabolizes glucose with a similar rate constant.</p>

<p>D-ido-Heptono-1,4-lactone is a glycosylation product of heptose with d-ido-D-glucofuranose and is a synthetic sugar. It has an Oligosaccharide, sugar, Synthetic, Fluorination, Custom synthesis, Methylation, Monosaccharide, Polysaccharide, saccharide Click modification. It has CAS No., Modification.</p>

<p>4-Methylphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-thioglucopyranoside is an antibiotic that is used to treat infections caused by a wide range of pathogens. This drug is active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including some resistant strains. 4MPTGA inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to their ribosomes and preventing protein synthesis. It has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against E. coli and other Enterobacteriaceae species as well as other Gram negative bacteria such as Salmonella typhi and Proteus mirabilis. 4MPTGA has also been shown to be effective against the common animal health pathogen Staphylococcus aureus</p>

<p>1,2,3,4,5-Penta-O-acetyl-β-D-fructose is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is modified with fluorine to produce a variety of products. This product is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and has been shown to have high purity. It is used for methylation reactions and can be found in saccharides and polysaccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 20764-61-8.</p>

<p>3-Deoxy-3,3-difluoro-1,2-O-Di-O-isopropylidene-a-D-glucofuranose is an alpha, beta unsaturated carbonyl sugar. It can be used as a building block to synthesize oligosaccharides or glycosylations. It has been shown that 3DG reacts with the amino group of proteins and peptides leading to the formation of methylated sugars. This compound can also be used to modify saccharides such as by converting them into click or substitution derivatives. 3DG is readily available in high purity and is stable under a variety of conditions.</p>

<p>Methyl 6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-lyxo-hexopyranosid-4-ulose is a fluorinated sugar that can be used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and carbohydrates. This sugar has been custom synthesized and has been modified with methylation and click chemistry. The CAS number for this product is 93558-18-7.</p>

<p>4,6-O- (R)- Phenylmethylene -a- D-glucopyranose is a modification of the sugar glycoside glucose. This compound is synthesized from glucose by methylation and fluorination. The synthesis process begins with the addition of sodium borohydride to a solution of glucose in methanol. The next step involves the treatment of this mixture with phenylmagnesium bromide followed by phenylmethylene bromine. The final step involves heating the reaction mixture at reflux for 10 hours. 4,6-O- (R)- Phenylmethylene -a- D-glucopyranose is extremely pure and offers a wide range of applications in the fields of biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, and polymer science.</p>