Terpenoids

Pseudolaric acid A beta-D-glucoside is a bioactive compound, which is a natural product derived from Pseudolarix amabilis, a species of tree native to certain regions of China. It belongs to the diterpenoid family, known for their diverse structural features and significant biological activities. This compound exhibits its mode of action primarily through interactions with cellular pathways, modulating specific enzymatic activities and receptor responses, which can lead to varying effects at the cellular and molecular levels.

Lanatoside A is a cardiac glycoside found in the plant "Lantana camara" and other plants of the family Verbenaceae. Lanatoside A is structurally characterized by an oxygenated hydroxyl group at C-3, which is present in the natural compound secoisolariciresinol. It has been shown to have inhibitory effects on enzymes involved in congestive heart failure such as myosin light chain kinase and serine/threonine protein kinase. Lanatoside A also has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties and may be beneficial for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The enzyme activities are inhibited by lanatosides at low pH values (pH 5-6) but not at high pH values (pH 7-8).

Prosaikogenin G is a saponin derivative, which is a bioactive compound commonly found in medicinal plants, traditionally used in Eastern medicine. Saponins are naturally occurring glycosides, and they have a wide range of biological activities due to their amphiphilic nature. Prosaikogenin G is specifically sourced from Bupleurum species, a well-known genus in herbal medicine. These compounds have been extensively studied for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Congmunoside V is a triterpenoid saponin, which is a bioactive compound isolated from the plant Gynostemma pentaphyllum, also known as Jiaogulan. This plant is traditionally recognized in herbal medicine and is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, primarily found in East Asia. Triterpenoid saponins are a class of chemical compounds composed of a sapogenin (triterpene) attached to sugar moieties, which confer a variety of biological activities.

Illudin S is a sesquiterpene toxin, which is a naturally occurring compound isolated from several species of fungi belonging to the genus Omphalotus, such as Omphalotus olearius, commonly known as the Jack-o'-lantern mushroom. Its mode of action involves alkylating DNA, which leads to DNA cross-linking and subsequent inhibition of DNA synthesis. This mechanism renders it highly cytotoxic, as it can induce cell death by disrupting normal cellular replication processes.

20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh1 is a bioactive compound, which is a secondary metabolite extracted from Panax ginseng, a medicinal plant widely utilized in traditional medicine. This ginsenoside functions by modulating various cellular pathways, interacting with nuclear receptors and signal transduction molecules, thus influencing immune responses, anti-inflammatory activities, and neuroprotective mechanisms.

Flavour and scent of grapefruit